Study Document
...Decision making Introduction
When a family has to decide how much is too much, as Plakovic (2016) puts it during end-of-life care, there is a clear ethical dilemma that crops up for family members and care providers. That dilemma is related to the issue of how to approach end-of-life treatment. For instance, some individual have strict preferences when it comes to whether or not they want to be resuscitated or kept alive by a machine. Others have no instructions set aside before hand for care providers and family to go by. The ethical dilemma is complicated by the fact that care providers have an oath to care for all life—but at the end-of-the-life, what is the line between postponing the inevitable inhumanely and giving as much humane care as is possible? That blurred line is a complicated one to walk. The two major points that this paper will address when it comes……
References
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Study Document
… are a few different considerations for an American firm. While the EU has a fairly complex regulatory environment that could prove challenging, the decision as to where to expand internationally still has to be more of a market-based decision. That means looking at an ROI or net present value type of calculation, weighing the cost of entering the market against the size … choice for international expansion, or it might not.
There is a lot of information available about expanding into Europe, so at least the decision to enter the EU market or not can be made with a fairly robust set of information guiding it. Each of the 28 ……
References
CE Intelligence. (2019) EU – market entry strategies. CE Intelligence.com. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from http://www.ceintelligence.com/content_manager/contentPages/view/eu-market-entry-strategies
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Girma, S. (2002) The process of European integration and the determinants of entry by non-EU multinationals in UK manufacturing. DOI:10.1111/1467-9957.00305
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Lamson, M. (2016) 5 things you need to know before doing business in Europe. Inc. Magazine. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.inc.com/melissa-lamson/5-things-you-need-to-know-before-doing-business-in-europe.html
Study Document
...Decision making Introduction
One of the primary goals of every educational institution is to ensure a positive development in the lives, mentality, and intellectual capacity of its students. This goes beyond just academic rigour and extends to the incorporation of extra-curricular activities, infrastructure, and other such elements that foster a conducive, friendly, and supportive environment for an excellent learning experience (Commodore, Gasman, Conrad, & Nguyen, 2018. pp.1-2). While the academic affairs unit of an educational institution is responsible for the design and execution of curricular activities, the student affairs units have a better idea of the most effective extra-curricular activities and programmes that can enhance the learning experience of students: student affairs units usually consist of student development professionals, and they also work with organizations focused around that goal (Terri, 2013, p. 139). Considering the impact of these two units and their individual responsibilities, as regards the student learning and development experience……
References
Blake, J. H. (2007). The crucial role of student affairs professionals in the learning process. New Directions for Student Services, 2007(117), 65–72. doi:10.1002/ss.234. Retrieved from: https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.234
Commodore, F., Gasman, M., Conrad, C., & Nguyen, T.-H. (2018). Coming Together: A Case Study of Collaboration Between Student Affairs and Faculty at Norfolk State University. Frontiers in Education, 3. doi:10.3389/feduc.2018.00039. Retrieved from: https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2018.00039
Kaslow, N. J., Garcia-Williams, A., Moffitt, L. B., McLeod, M., Zesiger, H., Ammirati, R., Berg, J.P., & McIntosh, B. J (2012). Building and Maintaining an Effective Campus-Wide Coalition for Suicide Prevention, Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, (26)121–139. DOI: 10.1080/87568225.2012.659160. Retrieved from: https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2012.659160
Rohli, R.V., Keppler, K.J., & Winkler, D.L. (2013). Academic Development of First-Year Living-Learning Program Students before and after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita of 2005. Learning Communities Research and Practice, 1(3), 1-16. Retrieved from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1112658.pdf
Spanierman, L. B., Soble, J. R., Mayfield, J. B., Neville, H. A., Aber, M., Khuri, L., & De La Rosa, B. (2013). Living Learning Communities and Students’ Sense of Community and Belonging. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 50(3), 308–325. doi:10.1515/jsarp-2013-0022. Retrieved from: https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1515/jsarp-2013-0022
Terri, F. B. (2013). Utilizing student affairs professionals to enhance student and faculty experiences and mitigate risk in short-term, faculty-led study abroad programs. Journal of International Education in Business, 6(2), 136-147. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JIEB-05-2013-0019 . Retrieved from: https://sci-hub.tw/10.1108/JIEB-05-2013-0019
Study Document
Budget and Resource Allocation Influence of Political Interest Groups on the Educational Policy making Process
Introduction
State support for public education has wavered over time as a consequence of other competing interests. This is more so the … political forces having an impact on state fiscal policy. This text concerns itself with the influence of political interest groups on the educational policy-making process, with regard to budget and resource allocation. The context of this particular discussion will be Florida and Texas.
Discussion
Interest groups do … competition for resources at the state level will most likely to continue. Without the specific influence of political interest groups on the educational policy-making process, the said competition for scarce resources could disadvantage education in the aforementioned states. Political interest groups will most likely continue having a … in as far as state spending priorities are concerned. The relevance of assessing the influence that……
References
Abbott, I., Rathbone, M. & Whitehead, P. (2012). Education Policy. New York, NY: SAGE.
Anderson, J.E. (2003).Public Policy-Making. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.
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Tandberg, D. A. (2009). Interest groups and governmental institutions: The politics of state funding of public higher education. Educational Policy, 24(5), 104-117.
Vote Smart (2020). Texas Education Special Interest Groups. Retrieved from https://votesmart.org/interest-groups/TX/27#.XrVCzsBRW00
Vote Smart (2020). Florida Education Special Interest Groups. Retrieved from https://votesmart.org/interest-groups/FL/27#.XrVKScBRW01
Study Document
… healthcare environment and also are set in a unique role in the formulation of policy (Burke, 2016).
Opportunities for APRN Participation in Policy making
There are numerous prospects for APRNs in policy making. The nurse practitioners have the ability to influence numerous individuals all through their state and the nation, reliant on the level of the … come off as competent and dependable institutional members. This work is deemed necessary by nurses if they were to have an influence on decision making and play a more significant and key role in assisting in the shaping and determining of health policy. However, in order to do ……
References
Burke, S. A. (2016). Influence through policy: Nurses have a unique role. Reflections on Nursing Leadership. Retrieved from: https://www.reflectionsonnursingleadership.org/commentary/more-commentary/Vol42_2_nurses-have-a-unique-role
Chilton, L. (2015). Nurse Practitioners Have an Essential Role in Health Policy. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 11(2), A19.
Hughes, A. (2010). The challenge of contributing to policy making in primary care: the gendered experiences and strategies of nurses. Sociology of health & illness, 32(7), 977-992.
Shariff, N. (2014). Factors that act as facilitators and barriers to nurse leaders’ participation in health policy development. BMC nursing, 13(1), 20.
Study Document
… shaping the curricular offerings and teaching strategies used in their schools. Certainly, educational leaders must conform to local, state and federal standards when making these types of decision, but there are some legitimate and viable alternatives that are available that require careful decision making to identify optimal teaching strategies.
One of the overarching needs for students today is the ability to…[break]…people think about knowledge, learning, and education” … not most educational leaders today possess the requisite knowledge and skills for this purpose, innovations in technology continue to redefine the educational landscape, making the need for vigilance in identifying new opportunities for improvement paramount.
Conclusion
Although there is still a need to teach young people the ……
References
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Study Document
… the infant would have trouble with bile production even with a new liver.
In fact, the only way to really make an informed decision in this case is to eschew any immediate emotional response to the four candidates and consider only the issue of which candidate will … pitfalls associated with adherence to only one ethical theory like utilitarianism or deontology.
Ethical principles become guiding forces to help people make ethical decision in cases as troubling as this one, involving who would be the ideal recipient for a precious organ. The primary ethical principles in … four guiding principles that can be applied to difficult situations (“Principlesd of Ethics,” n.d.). These ethical principles are based…[break]…candidate than Michael.
Recommendations
Before making any decision, the healthcare team needs to conduct a more thorough examination of the biomarkers that affect the recipient’s ability to tolerate the liver, such … suitability and compatibility……
References
“Ethical Theory and Bioethics,” (n.d.).
“Principles of Ethics,” (n.d.).
Steinbock, B., London, A.J. & Arras, J.D. (n.d.). Ethical issues in modern medicine. 8th edition. McGraw Hill.
Study Document
Beliefs, Practices, Challenges
Persons in positions of leadership inevitably encounter major ethical dilemmas and in fact make ethical decision on a daily basis. Interviews with senior executives can reveal the complexities of ethical decision making at the executive level, as personal morals frequently disconnect from the ethical culture governing the organization or the industry’s regulatory climate (Bailey & … personal ethical beliefs clash with the prevailing norms and values in the field. Employee diversity adds to the complications involved in executive ethical decision-making, according to Linden. The predominant ethical challenges usually relate to balancing two equally compelling ethical objectives, or weighing the pros and cons of … to Linden. The predominant ethical challenges usually relate to balancing two equally compelling ethical objectives, or weighing the pros and cons of a decision when there are no clear black-and-white resolutions. No genuine dilemma has a straightforward answer; it is not as if……
References
Bailey, C. & Shantz, A. (2018). Creating an ethically strong organization. MIT Sloan Management Review. http://ilp.mit.edu/media/news_articles/smr/2018/60101.pdf
Crossan, M., Mazutis, D. & Seijts, G. (2013). In search of virtue. Journal of Business Ethics 113(4): 567-581.
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Hoekstra, E., Bell, A. & Peterson, S.R. (2008). Humility in Leadership: Abandoning the Pursuit of Unattainable Perfection. In S.A. Quatro & R. R. Sims (Eds.), Executive Ethics: Ethical Dilemmas and Challenges for the C-Suite. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, pp. 79-96.
MacDougall, A.E., Bagdarasov, Z. & Buckley, M.R. (2008). Applying a primary risk management model to the C-suite. In Sims, R.R. & Quatro, S.A. (Eds.) Executive Ethics. Second Edition. Charlotte: IAP, pp. 211-234.
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Study Document
I have experience with quite a few of the different decision-making techniques. Certainly, the rational model is interesting, and utilizes parts of some of the other models, such as cost-benefit analysis. I’ve been involved … little bit with focus groups, used brainstorming, and done variations on cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness. I have less familiarity with some of the other decision-making models that we studied.
I feel that the most valuable is really the cost-benefit, which requires a lot of rational analysis. First, cost-benefit … or have access to massive tax bases can always technically afford something. When forced to think about cost in relation to benefit, the decision becomes about more than just the benefit. Certainly elected officials are more tempted to think about benefit because that is usually what they … are rewarded for. But the cost side of things is important, too, and taking that into account would certainly……
Study Document
Is the Theory of Utility Maximization Reliable for Rational Consumers to Make decision?
The article by Rothman about Johnson’s book focuses on the topic of how most people use “bounded rationality” to make their decision—that is, they do not use a true scientific process when deciding what to do with their lives. Rather they make choices based on … disadvantages. When it comes to their own lives, they do not know how to quantify the pros or cons of this or that decision. Thus, it is much more difficult to apply the theory of utility maximization, which stipulates that people spend their money trying to maximize … entire sales industry is based on the assumption that consumers are moved more by impulse than by well-reasoned argument or scientific approach to decision-making.
Johnson argues that a decision is a value-maximizing equation—but this is not necessarily true for everyone. Many are the……
Works Cited
Rothman, Joshua. “The Art of Decision Making.” The New Yorker, 2019.
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/01/21/the-art-of-decision-making
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