Urban Design Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Diabetes
Critique
The article by Lynch et al. (2019) is entitled “Randomized Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention for urban Low-Income African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes” and appeared in JGIM: Journal of General Internal Medicine. The article by Protheroe et al. (2016) … respective studies’ significance. Information pertaining to the studies’ statement of problem, research questions or hypotheses, literature review, theoretical framework, ethical considerations and research design will be evaluated as well. The criteria used to critique the articles come from that provided by Polit and Beck (2017).
Title
According … al. (2016) contained the primary concept of the study—namely, feasibility of health trainer improved patient self-management, and it also identified the population and design of the study—but it did not define the length of the study. Lynch et al. (2019) also failed to identify the length of … length of the study in their title; however, like Protheroe et al.……
References
References
Lynch, E. B., Mack, L., Avery, E., Wang, Y., Dawar, R., Richardson, D., … Fogelfeld, L. (2019). Randomized Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention for Urban Low-Income African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes. JGIM: Journal of General Internal Medicine, 34(7), 1174–1183. https://doi-org.ezproxy.loyno.edu/10.1007/s11606-019-04894-y
Protheroe, J., Rathod, T., Bartlam, B., Rowlands, G., Richardson, G., & Reeves, D. (2016). The Feasibility of Health Trainer Improved Patient Self-Management in Patients with Low Health Literacy and Poorly Controlled Diabetes: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial. Journal of Diabetes Research, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6903245
Study Document
Virtual Learning Solutions For English As Second Language Students
… using online learning technology include: the expansion of education opportunities to those who cannot physically be in the classroom; the utilization of software design to enhance and facilitate the learning experience; the use of online learning tools such as direct messaging, email and platforms where learners can ……
References
References
Alvarez-Marinelli, H., Blanco, M., Lara-Alecio, R., Irby, B. J., Tong, F., Stanley, K., & Fan, Y. (2016). Computer assisted English language learning in Costa Rican elementary schools: an experimental study. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 29(1), 103-126.
Beetham, H., & Sharpe, R. (Eds.). (2013). Rethinking pedagogy for a digital age: Designing for 21st century learning. NY: Routledge.
Cassady, J. C., Smith, L. L., & Thomas, C. L. (2017). Supporting emergent literacy for English language learners with computer?assisted instruction. Journal of Research in Reading.
Jiang, H., Tang, M., Peng, X., & Liu, X. (2018). Learning design and technology through social networks for high school students in China. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 28(1), 189-206.
Kahai, S. S., Carroll, E., & Jestice, R. (2007). Team collaboration in virtual worlds. ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 38(4), 61-68.
Kasapo?lu-Akyol, P. (2010). Using educational technology tools to improve language and communication skills of ESL students. Novitas-Royal, 4(2).
Meskill, G., & Mossop, J. (2003). Technologies use with learners of ESL in New Your State: Preliminary report. Retrieved from https://www.albany.edu/lap/Papers/technology%20use.htm
Park, J. Y. (2011). Design education online: Learning delivery and evaluation. International Journal of Art & Design Education, 30(2), 176-187.
Study Document
Gun Violence Among African American Community
… violence across the populace and the states has triggered public outcry for changes in the judicial system to bolster the safety of the public(urban Institute, 2016).
System failures to address the challenge of systematic discrimination, inability to restrict guns from being accessed by deviant elements that are …
• Organize for frequent meetings of stakeholders to develop strategies to curb and prevent gun violence practices, with an outlined performance measurement system (urban Institute, 2016)
Effectiveness of Policy
For a policy to be successfully implemented, the practical aspects must be carefully discussed and concerns addressed in ……
References
References
Armstrong, M., & Carlson, J. (2019). Speaking of trauma: The race talk, the gun violence talk, and the racialization of gun trauma. Palgrave Communications, 5(112). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-019-0320-z
Maxson, C. L., Hennigan, K, and D. C. Sloane. (2003). For the sake of the neighborhood? Civil gang injunctions as a gang intervention tool in Southern California. In Scott H. Decker, Ed. Policing Gangs and Youth Violence. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning
Morris, S. (2018). Mass shootings in the US: There have been 1,624 in 1,870 days. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2017/oct/02/america-mass-shootings-gun-violence
Payne, B. K. (2006). Weapon bias: split-second decisions and unintended stereotyping. Curr Directions Psychological Sci, 15(6), 287–291.
Roman, J. K. (2013).Race, justifiable homicide, and stand your ground laws: Analysis of FBI supplementary homicide report data. Retrieved from http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=265405
Schopper, D., Lormand, J. D.,&Waxweiler, R (eds). (2006).Developing policies to prevent injuries and violence: guidelines for policy-makers and planners. Geneva, World Health Organization.
Tate, J., Jenkins, J., Rich, S., Muyskens, J., Elliott, K., Mellnik, T., &Williams, A. (2016).How the Washington Post is examining police shootings in the United States. The Washington Post.
Tita, G. E., Troshynski, E., & Graves, M. (2007). Strategies for reducing gun violence: The role of gangs, drugs, and firearm accessibility. Research Report: National Crime Prevention Centre (NCPC). Retrieved from https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/rdcng-gn-vlnc/rdcng-gn-vlnc-eng.pdf
Study Document
The US Sentencing System Disparities And Discrimination
… disparities. Judges will have a much-reduced ability to impose sentences based on their biases, ideals, and beliefs. Second, if the sentencing system is well-design, it will ensure that only the factors and characteristics that are warranted and very important are considered during sentencing and not trivial factors … trivial factors or whose consideration is racist (Yang, 2015).
Third, if the sentencing system, the mitigating factors, and the offender characteristics are properly design, they will reduce racial sentencing disparity without considering race. This will automatically result in all types of people being likely to receive the ……
References
References
Daly, K., & Tonry, M. (1997). Gender, Race, and Sentencing. Crime and Justice, 22, 201-252. Retrieved May 26, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/1147574
Farrell, A., Ward, G., & Rousseau, D. (2010). Intersections of gender and race in federal sentencing: examining court contexts and the effects of representative court authorities. Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice, 1, 85.
Hessick, C. B. (2010). Race and gender as explicit sentencing factors. Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice, 1, 127.
Mauer, M. (2010). Justice for all challenging racial disparities in the criminal justice system. Hum. Rts., 37, 14.
Smith, D. (2006). Narrowing Racial Disparities in Sentencing through a System of Mandatory Downward Departures. The Modern American, Summer 2006, 32–37.
Spohn, C. (2008). How do judges decide?: the search for fairness and justice in punishment. Sage Publications.
Yang, C. S. (2015). Free at last? Judicial discretion and racial disparities in federal sentencing. The Journal of Legal Studies, 44(1), 75-111.
Study Document
COVID 19 In South Africa Nigeria And Swaziland
… he is certain to start a new entrepreneurial venture in that country. The same happened in Colombia; the entrepreneurial activities in rural and urban Colombia depended on informal institutions like social norms and subjective insecurity. The political and social contexts should not be ignored as these factors ……
References
References
Coelho, A. (2019). The role of informal institutions in the enforcement of rules and how to improve corporate and public governance in Brazil: Studies based on a set of corporate governance cases involving state-owned companies (Working Paper). Retrieved from SSRN website https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3434037
Dacin, M.T., Goodstein, J. & Scott, W.R. (2002). Institutional theory and institutional change: Introduction to the special research forum. Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), 45- 47. DOI: 10.2307/3069284
Escandon-Barbosa, D.M., Urbano, D., Hurtado-Ayala, A., Paramo, J.S. & Dominguez, A.Z. (2019). Formal institutions, informal institutions, and entrepreneurial activity: A comparative relationship between rural and urban areas in Colombia. Journal of Urban Management, 8(3), 458-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2019.06.002
Estrin, S. & Prevezer, M. (2010). The role of informal institutions in corporate governance: Brazil, Russia, India, and China compared. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 28, 41- 67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-010-9229-1
Kaufmann, W., Hooghiemstra, R. & Feeney, M.K. (2018). Formal institutions, informal institutions, and red tape: A comparative study. Public Administration, 96(2), 386-403. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12397
Meluch, A.L. (2016, August). Understanding the organizational and institutional origins of social support in a cancer support center. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=kent1466944822&disposition=inline
Torniainen, T.J. & Sasstamoinen, O.J. (2007). Formal and informal institutions and their hierarchy in the regulation of the forest lease in Russia. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, 80(5), 489-501. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpm033
Study Document
Test1
… proper evidence-based interventions, resources and support services for the LGBTQ youth and homeless youth population. The interventions rendered to this population should be design to facilitate greater social and communal inclusion, fundamentally within the family setting and subsequently within the community. Imperatively, interventions ought to be intended … work must provide assistance in the development of a network of peer support for LGBTQ youth and homeless youth. What is more, interventions design should also include development trainings for faculty members that facilitate the promotion of education for parents, students and also faculty regarding the needs ……
References
References
Bilodeau, B. L., & Renn, K. A. (2005). Analysis of LGBT identity development models and implications for practice. New directions for student services, 2005(111), 25-39.
Cray, A., Miller, K., & Durso, L. E. (2013). Seeking shelter: The experiences and unmet needs of LGBT homeless youth. Washington, DC: Center for American Progress.
Cunningham, M., Pergamit, M., Astone, N., & Luna, J. (2014). Homeless LGBTQ youth. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
Dank, M., Yahner, J., Madden, K., Bañuelos, I., Yu, L., Ritchie, A., ... & Conner, B. (2015). Surviving the Streets of New York: Experiences of LGBTQ Youth, YMSM and YWSW Engaged in Survival Sex. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
D'augelli, A. R. (2006). Developmental and contextual factors and mental health among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths. American Psychological Association.
Durso, L. E., & Gates, G. J. (2012). Serving our youth: Findings from a national survey of services providers working with lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless. Los Angeles: The Williams Institute with True Colors and the Palatte Fund.
Foss, S. (2017). A Guide to Social Work Advocacy for Transgender Adolescents and Young Adults. Texas State University.
Higa, D., Hoppe, M. J., Lindhorst, T., Mincer, S., Beadnell, B., Morrison, D. M., ... & Mountz, S. (2014). Negative and positive factors associated with the well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth. Youth & Society, 46(5), 663-687.
Study Document
Governments Procurement Methods In Integrated Public Service
...Urban design Integrated Public Service
Introduction
PPPs, as they have come to be popularly referred, are methods of procurement by governments where there is a larger number of stakeholders involving the government, the private sector, and the general public is securing services and, or goods. The model focuses on the delivery of services, products, and infrastructure to the public. The areas under focus transcend a broad span, including water treatment, transportation, health, education, energy, environment, among others. It is a common belief that PPP is a great approach to handle the provision of services and products to the public. The procurement strategy is known as the Public-Private Partnership. As the name suggests, the program is meant to encourage the government to involve the private sector and the general public in the provision of public services. There are conflicting views regarding the process of negotiation, participation by the public and private financiers, and……
References
Bibliography
Duff, V. (2020). What is organizational integration? Retrieved from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/organizational-integration-82053.html
Friedman, S. (2016). Successful public/private partnerships from principles to practices. Washington, DC: Urban Land Institute.
Ma, L., Li, J., Jin, R., &Ke, Y. (2019). A holistic review of public-private partnership literature published between 2008 and 2018. Advances in Civil Engineering. Retrieved from http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ace/2019/7094653.pdf
PrivacySense. (2016). Public sector. Retrieved from http://www.privacysense.net/terms/public-sector/
Reddy, C. (2016). Staff training: Importance, benefits, advantages, and disadvantages. Retrieved from https://content.wisestep.com/staff-training-importance-benefits-advantages-disadvantages/
Sekhri, N., Feachem, R., & Ni, A. (2011). Public-private integrated partnerships demonstrate the potential to improve health care access, quality, and efficiency. Health Affairs, 30(8).
Study Document
Poverty And Education The Problem And The Solution
… better for kindergarten and perform better when they get to kindergarten. There is a need to look at structures as a problem when design literacy intervention problems instead of the often used student-as-problem approach. Looking at structures-as-problem provides new ideas that can help improve reading and literacy. … of the often used student-as-problem approach. Looking at structures-as-problem provides new ideas that can help improve reading and literacy. It is essential to re-design and pedagogical repertoires to ensure teachers become more prepared to help young students from low SES families.
Thesis Statement
Poverty drastically affects children's … researchers utilized Bourdieu's theory of capital and statistics from longitudinal studies to investigate how poverty affects learning for two students from a poor urban community. In the study, the researchers particularly investigated the manner in which poverty affected the ability of poor parents to support their dependents … Loh (2016), interpreted the results……
References
Bibliography
The Problem
Compton-Lilly, C., & Delbridge, A. (2019). What Can Parents Tell Us About Poverty and Literacy Learning? Listening to Parents Over Time. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 62(5), 531–539.
Dickerson, A., & Popli, G. K. (2016). Persistent poverty and children\\\\\\\\\\\\'s cognitive development: evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society), 179(2), 535-558.
Hampden-Thompson, G., & Galindo, C. (2017). School-family relationships, school satisfaction, and the academic achievement of young people. Educational Review, 69(2), 248–265.
Thompson, K., Richardson, L. P., Newman, H., & George, K. (2019). Interaction Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Emerging Literacy and Literacy Skills among Pre-Kindergarten and Kindergarten Children: A Comparison Study. Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice, 4(1), 5.
The Solution
Borre, A., Bernhard, J., Bleiker, C., & Winsler, A. (2019). Preschool Literacy Intervention for Low-Income, Ethnically Diverse Children: Effects of the Early Authors Program Through Kindergarten. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 24(2), 132–153.
Comber, B., & Kamler, B. (2004). Getting Out of Deficit: Pedagogies of reconnection. Teaching Education, 15(3), 293–310.
Study Document
Individuals Using Customary Practices In Times Of Crises
… the EWS was said to fail because of social determinants because people mistrust authorities and there were problems with how the warnings were design or delivered. In Bangladesh and Nepal, cultural determinants were to blame because people who believe God will save them no matter what will … of disasters on vulnerable populations. The relevance of utilizing customary practices in crisis scenarios will be restated. The utilization of the case study design in the present study permitted the collection of more information relating to disaster management approaches and mitigation practices. Comment by Author: What are ……
References
Roberts. A.R. (Ed.). (2005). Crisis Intervention Handbook: Assessment, Treatment, and Research (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Sama’ila, A. (2019). Economic crisis and the coping strategies of indigenous automobile entrepreneurs in northern Nigeria, 1983-2014. Sociology International Journal, 3(6), 437-442.
Study Document
Online Auctions For Fund Raising By Non Profit Organizations
...Urban design A Systematic Review of Online Auctions for Fund Raising by Non-Profit Organizations
Background
Its origin dating back to Babylon in 500 BC auctions account as one of the oldest forms of price determination mechanism in the markets. Auction is negotiation protocols that entail simultaneous bidding with the price determined bidders and products or services allocated based on competition amongst potential buyers (McAfee, 2017).
Classifications of Auctions
There are four major classifications of auctions formats in the market based on the information asymmetry and the flow of prices. The auction types include English Auction, Dutch Auctions, sealed-bid first-price auctions, and Vickrey auctions (Klemperer, 2004).
English and Dutch auctions are both open auctions implying that they are orally implemented but entail distinguishing value setting features. According to Klemperer (2004), an English Auction also known as the oral ascending auction or first-price auction entails an ascending sequential price strategy where the auctioneer sets a……
References
References
Cachon, G. P., Daniels, K., & Lobel, R. (2015). The Role of Surge Pricing on a Service Platform with Self-Scheduling Capacity. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2698192
Connelly, A., & Winter, M. (2003). Going...Going...Gone!: Successful Auctions for Non-Profit Institutions (Second). Target Funding Group, Inc. All.
Fasli, M., Co, C., & Co, C. (2014). Designing and Implementing E-market Games. Designing and Implementing e-Market Games. January 2005.
Forbes Magazine. (2019). The 100 Largest U.S. Charities. Forbes Magazine. https://doi.org/10.1007/springerreference_75918
Hasker, K., & Sickles, R. (2010). eBay in the Economic Literature: Analysis of an Auction Marketplace. Review of Industrial Organization, 37(1), 3–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11151-010-9257-5
Kingston, K. (2015). A Higher Bid: How to Transform Special Event with Strategic Benefit Auctions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
Klemperer, P. (2004). Auctions: Theory and Practice. In Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839107429.00004
McAfee, P. (2017). The Ideal Auction - Numberphile. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4kWuxfVbIaU
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