Personality Disorders Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Borderline Personality Disorder
Etiology
Borderline personality Disorder (BPD), as is the case with several psychiatric disorders, is viewed widely as a consequence of the complex interaction of many factors such as psychological, neuroanatomical, neurochemical, and genetic factors.
a) Genetic ……
References
Bibliography
Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2009). Randomized controlled trial of outpatient mentalization-based treatment versus structured clinical management for borderline personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry, 166, 1355–64.
Biskin, R. S., & Paris, J. (2012). Management of borderline personality disorder. CMAJ, 184(17), 1897-1902. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.112055
Harvard University. (2019). Treating borderline personality disorder. Retrieved from https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/treating-borderline-personality-disorder
Linehan, M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York (NY): Guilford Press.
Study Document
How Millon S Personality Theory Can Be Understood
personality theories and PTSD
Alternative Theoretical Positions and Applications
The idea of personality is broadly accepted as being fundamental in psychology, but its dynamics as well as the ways that it may be identified and assessed … psychologists have been in substantial disagreement. Millon had been focused on perpetually creating a systematic program to describe standard as well as abnormal personality functioning and also to determine various kinds of personality types and conditions according to deductive thinking. This varies with the rising inductive technique that identified proportions of personality functioning and realignment according to factor evaluation of the personality lexicon qualities. The present system consists of 13 personality designs or kinds according to groups generally observed in a number of communities to varying degrees. The primary personality designs established by Millon had been all variants from the Passive, Active along with Pleasure-Pain proportions. Over his years of analysis, Millon has……
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References
Pincus, A. L., & Krueger, R. F. (2015). Theodore Millon\\'s contributions to conceptualizing personality disorders. Journal of personality assessment, 97(6), 537-540.
Millon, T., Millon, C. M., Meagher, S. E., Grossman, S. D., & Ramnath, R. (2004). Personality disorders in modern life. John Wiley & Sons.
Rossi, G., & Derksen, J. (2015). International adaptations of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory: Construct validity and clinical applications. Journal of personality assessment, 97(6), 572-590.
O’Connor, B. P., & Dyce, J. A. (1998). A test of models of personality disorder configuration. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(1), 3.
Lecic-Tosevski, D., Gavrilovic, J., Knezevic, G., & Priebe, S. (2003). Personality factors and posttraumatic stress: Associations in civilians one year after air attacks. Journal of Personality Disorders, 17, 537–549.
Strack, S., & Millon, T. (2007). Contributions to the dimensional assessment of personality disorders using Millon\\'s model and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI–III). Journal of Personality Assessment, 89(1), 56-69.
Bajraktarov, S., Gudeva-Nikovska, D., Manuševa, N., & Arsova, S. (2017). Personality Characteristics as Predictive Factors for the Occurrence of Depressive Disorder. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 5(1), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.022
Framingham, J. (2018). Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III). Psych Central.
Study Document
Criminal Profiling Of Serial Killers
… on society (Warf & Waddell, 2002).
Another thing that researchers do agree upon is that serial killers tend to have some form of personality disorder and must kill more than one person at various times; i.e., there should be some amount of time that passes between killings … profilers to have a background in psychology and behavioral health as these types of backgrounds provide great insight into how individuals with mental disorders or with personality disorders behave (Dogra et al., 2012). The more information and perspective that profilers can bring to the practice, the more useful a criminal profile ……
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References
Alldredge, J. (2015). The" CSI Effect" and Its Potential Impact on Juror Decisions. Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science, 3(1), 6.
Bonn, S. (2019). How the FBI Profiles Serial Offenders. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/wicked-deeds/201905/how-the-fbi-profiles-serial-offenders
Dogra, T.D. et al. (2012). A psychological profile of a serial killer: A case report. Omega: Journal of Death & Dying 65(4), 299-316.
FBI. (2019). Summary of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Retrieved from https://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/killed/2009/aboutucr.html
Karson, M. (2017). Why Profiling Serial Killers Can’t Work. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/feeling-our-way/201711/why-profiling-serial-killers-can-t-work
Miller, L. (2014). Serial killers: I. Subtypes, patterns and motives. Aggression and Violent Behavior 19, 1-11.
Samuel, D. B., & Widiger, T. A. (2007). Describing Ted Bundy's personality and working towards DSM-V. Practice, 27, 20-22.
Sarteschi, C. M. (2016). Serial Murder. In Mass and Serial Murder in America (pp. 45-67). Springer, Cham.
Study Document
Case Conceptualization Group Therapy CBT And Psychodynamics
...Personality disorders Abstract
This case conceptualization covers a weekly outpatient relationships group consisting of fifteen members, ages 25-50. All group members have been formally diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and/or Depression, and some with more than one clinical disorder. Additionally, all members have attended this group for at least six months, most of whom attend regularly on a weekly basis. The case conceptualization includes background information on the clients, behavioral observations, clinical interpretations, and diagnostic impressions based on the DSM-5. A treatment plan and interventions for the clients are grounded in two primary theoretical orientations including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychodynamics. A summary of the treatment, including client reactions, plus future recommendations are also provided. Ethical issues and quandaries are presented in accordance with the American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics. Finally, limitations and supervision needs are discussed in light of scope of counseling practice.
Background: Presenting Problem
Clients’ Biopsychosocial……
References
References
American Counseling Association (2014). ACA Code of Ethics. Retrieved from: https://www.counseling.org/resources/aca-code-of-ethics.pdf
American Group Psychotherapy Association (2007). Practice guidelines for group psychotherapy. Retrieved from: https://www.agpa.org/docs/default-source/practice-resources/download-full-guidelines-(pdf-format)-group-works!-evidence-on-the-effectiveness-of-group-therapy.pdf?sfvrsn=ce6385a9_2
“Clinical Thinking Skills,” (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://in.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/44297_3.pdf
Glasofer, D.R. (2019). Generalized anxiety disorder. Retrieved from: https://www.verywellmind.com/dsm-5-criteria-for-generalized-anxiety-disorder-1393147
MacNamara, A., Kotov, R. & Hajcak, G. (2016). Diagnosis and symptom-based predictors of emotional processing in generalized anxiety disorder and Major Depressive Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study. Cognitive Therapy and Research 40(2016): 275-289.
Plummer, F., Manea, L., Trepel, D., et al. (2016). Screening for anxiety disorders with the GAD-7 and GAD-2: a systematic review and diagnostic metaanalysis. General Hospital Psychiatry 39(2016): 24-31.
Suszek, H., Holas, P., Wyrzykowski, T., et al. (2015). Short-term intensive psychodynamic group therapy versus cognitive-behavioral group therapy in day treatment of anxiety disorders and comorbid depressive or personality disorders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 16(2015): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4517633/
Thimm, J.C. & Antonsen, L. (2014). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group therapy for depression in routine practice. BMC Psychiatry 14(292): https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-014-0292-x
Study Document
Positive Psychology And Its Link To Meditation
… one to expect cognitive changes and, consequently, positive change in terms of emotional responses. When practiced longer, one can anticipate positive modifications in personality and behavior measures. As dependent measure predictions which have commonly been studied by researchers focusing on the subject of meditation up until now ……
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References
Gable, S. L., & Haidt, J. (2005). What (and why) is positive psychology? Review of General Psychology, 9, 103–110. DOI:10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.103
Hasenkamp, W., & Barsalou, L. (2012). Effects of meditation experience on functional connectivity of distributed brain networks. Front. Hum. Neurosci. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00038/full
Kristeller, J. L., & Rikhye, K. (2008). Meditative traditions and contemporary psychology. In K. R. Rao, A. C. Paranjpe & A. K. Dalal (Eds.), Handbook of Indian psychology (pp. 506 –538). New Delhi, India: Cambridge University Press.
McGee, M. (2008). Meditation and psychiatry. Psychiatry, 5, 28 – 40.
Pepping, C. A., Donovan, A., & Davis, P. (2013). The positive effects of mindfulness on self-esteem. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(5), 376-386.
Sedlmeier, P., Eberth, J., Schwarz, M., Zimmerman, D., Haarig, F., Jaeger, S., & Kunze, S. (2012). The psychological effects of meditation: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 138(6), 1139 –1171.
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55, 5–14. DOI:10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.5
Shapiro, S., Walsh, R., Britton, W., & Britton, B. (2003). An analysis of recent meditation research and suggestions for future directions. The Humanistic Psychology, 3(2-3), 69-90.
Study Document
Career Counseling
Part One
I am currently a middle school math teacher who works with kids that have emotional behavior disorders. To advance my career, I am currently pursuing a Master’s degree in school counseling. My short term goal is to be a high … and tools for personal and professional development.
As a middle school math teacher, I started to work with students with emotional and behavioral disorders. I started working with students with special needs because of my background in psychology and my interest in working in education. Teachers need … well and give them emotional support, but what they really need is a professional who takes into account the students’ performance in school, personality, dreams, talents, and unique opportunities. It would be my job to investigate all of the resources available to students, including resources for special … all of the resources available to students, including resources for special……
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References
Holland, J.L., Johnston, J.A. & Asama, F. (1994). More evidence for the relationship between Holland’s personality types and personality variables. Journal of Career Assessment 2(4): 331-340.
“Holland’s Six Personality Types.” Career Key. Retrieved online: https://www.careerkey.org/choose-a-career/holland-personality-types.html#.WgEWKxNSyRt
Occupational Information Network (ONet, 2017). Website; https://www.onetonline.org/
Rogers, M.E. & Creed, P.A. (2011). A longitudinal examination of adolescent career planning and exploration using a social cognitive career theory framework. Journal of Adolescence 34(1): 163-172.
Rogers, M.E., Creed, P.A. & Glendon, A.I. (2008). The role of personality in adolescent career planning and exploration: A social cognitive perspective. Journal of Vocational Behavior 73(1): 132-142.
Savickas, M.L. (2004). The theory and practice of career construction. In Career Development and Counseling. John Wiley.
Walsh, B. W., & Holland, J. L. (1992). A theory of personality types and work environments. In W. B. Walsh, K. H. Craik, & R. H. Price (Eds.), Person–environment psychology: Models and perspectives (pp. 35-69). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Study Document
Schizophrenia
… known way to prevent it, researchers are still examining a variety of different factors, both genetic and environmental, that may impact mental health disorders like schizophrenia. This paper will discuss the history of schizophrenia, what is known or theorized as the cause of the illness, how it … it as spiritual problem (Vazquez & Santone, 2011). In ancient India, Hindus believed it to be a combination of both spiritual and physical disorders, and throughout the Middle Ages the different approaches to treating schizophrenia indicated that the people of Europe viewed it as having mental, physical … Bleuler in 1911. While Kraepelin drew attention to the topic of auditory hallucinations, Bleuler highlighted the effect of the patient having a split personality (Maatz, Hoff & Angst, 2015). Treatments throughout the 20th century have ranged from electroshock therapy to the humanistic approach of Carl Rogers (Styliandis, … the Bible is a life……
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References
DSM. (2013). American Psychiatric Association. Retrieved from https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm
Dhindsa, R. S., & Goldstein, D. B. (2016). Schizophrenia: from genetics to physiology at last. Nature, 530(7589), 162.
Ho, R. T. H., Chan, C. K. P., Lo, P. H. Y., Wong, P. H., Chan, C. L. W., Leung, P. P. Y.,
& Chen, E. Y. H. (2016). Understandings of spirituality and its role in illness recovery in persons with schizophrenia and mental-health professionals: a qualitative study. BMC psychiatry, 16(1), 86.
Kinter, E. T. (2009). Identifying treatment preferences of patients with schizophrenia in Germany: An application of patient-centered care. The Johns Hopkins University.
Lee, H. S., Corbera, S., Poltorak, A., Park, K., Assaf, M., Bell, M. D., ... & Choi, K. H. (2018). Measuring theory of mind in schizophrenia research: Cross-cultural validation. Schizophrenia research, 201, 187-195.
Leucht, S., Cipriani, A., Spineli, L., Mavridis, D., Örey, D., Richter, F., Samara, M., Barbui, C., Engel, R.R., Geddes, J.R. and Kissling, W. (2013). Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 15 antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis. The Lancet, 382(9896), 951-962.
Maatz, A., Hoff, P., & Angst, J. (2015). Eugen Bleuler's schizophrenia—a modern perspective. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 17(1), 43.
Study Document
Depression In The Military
… aware of spirituality or has spirituality, it is no guarantee that one will not struggle with depression. Some people may have a melancholic personality or disposition: they will tend to focus on their feelings and thoughts more than people who have other personalities or dispositions—such as the … This is one reason melancholic personalities are often attracted to sanguine personalities: sanguine people are very outgoing and typically full of mirth. Their personality is a natural complement to the melancholy personality. The former helps to bring the latter out of himself and the latter helps to keep the former from…[break]…St. Paul writes in his ……
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References
Bonde, J. P., Utzon-Frank, N., Bertelsen, M., Borritz, M., Eller, N. H., Nordentoft, M., ... & Rugulies, R. (2016). Risk of depressive disorder following disasters and military deployment: systematic review with meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 208(4), 330-336.
Bonelli, R., Dew, R. E., Koenig, H. G., Rosmarin, D. H., & Vasegh, S. (2012). Religious and spiritual factors in depression: review and integration of the research. Depression research and treatment, 2012.
Casey Jr, G. W. (2011). Comprehensive soldier fitness: A vision for psychological resilience in the US Army. American Psychologist, 66(1), 1.
Dolphin, K. E., Steinhardt, M. A., & Cance, J. D. (2015). The role of positive emotions in reducing depressive symptoms among Army wives. Military Psychology, 27(1), 22-35.
Griffith, J., & West, C. (2013). Master resilience training and its relationship to individual well-being and stress buffering among Army National Guard soldiers. The journal of behavioral health services & research, 40(2), 140-155.
Kang, H. K., Bullman, T. A., Smolenski, D. J., Skopp, N. A., Gahm, G. A., & Reger, M. A. (2015). Suicide risk among 1.3 million veterans who were on active duty during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Annals of epidemiology, 25(2), 96-100.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.
Reivich, K. J., Seligman, M. E., & McBride, S. (2011). Master resilience training in the US Army. American Psychologist, 66(1), 25.
Study Document
Psychological Test Evaluation Beck Anxiety Inventory BAI
… the literature available. Thus, the author was identified via an in-depth literature review, studies using the survey method relating to the assessment of personality, which have been documented on graduate training in testing in psychology and the usage patterns of the test starting from 1989 to 2017. … health practice and c. regarded s the choice instrument among a wide range of setups and professional users for self-reporting measures in assessing disorders of mood. Other factors, such as likely competitors, including new measures or already established ones that may affect the trends in the future … with the revised Hamilton Depression Rating Scale of r(153)=.25
In their review, Leyfer, Ruberg & Woodruff-Borden (2006) administered the BAI and the Anxiety disorders Interview Schedule (ADIS-IV) to 193 adult subjects at a Midwestern university drawn from a research and treatment center for anxiety. They compared the ……
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References
Arnold, L. M., Clauw, D., Wang, F., Ahl, J., Gaynor, P. J., &Wohlreich, M. M. (2010). Flexible dosed duloxetine in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Journal of rheumatology, 37(12), 2578-2586.
Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1993). Beck Anxiety Inventory manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G. & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.
Biggs, Q. M. (2008). Transportation trauma and psychological morbidity: Anxiety, depression, PTSD, and perceived control in a hospitalized sample. (Doctoral dissertation, University of North Texas).
DeFeo, J. (2005). Beck Anxiety Inventory. NCTSN Measure Review Database. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.506.4912&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Gillis, M. M., Haaga, D. A., & Ford, G. T. (1995). Normative values for the beck anxiety inventory, fear questionnaire, Penn state worry questionnaire, and social phobia and anxiety inventory. Psychological Assessment, 7(4), 450.
Halfaker, D. A., Akeson, S. T., Hathcock, D. R., Mattson, C., &Wunderlich, T. L. (2011). Psychological aspects of pain. Pain procedures in clinical practice (pp. 13-22). Hanley &Belfus.
Julian, L. J. (2011). Measures of anxiety: state?trait anxiety inventory (STAI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale?anxiety (HADS?A). Arthritis care & research, 63(S11), S467-S472.
Study Document
The Origins Of Psychopathology
...Personality disorders Introduction
Psychopathology has been viewed differently throughout history and throughout various cultures. The ancient Chinese, Greeks and Romans viewed it psychopathology as a spiritual issue, and they all had their own ways of treating it—from dietary interventions to music interventions to getting more fresh air out of doors and in a natural setting, and so on (Kyziridis, 2005). The Egyptians viewed it as a physical disorder. The Hindus viewed it as an issue of finding the right balance between the physical and the spiritual. In the Middle Ages, it could be viewed as anything from demonic possession to a sign of holiness (Smith, 2007). Indeed, nothing really has changed because as Wedge (2011) points out, “there is no consensus in the medical community about what behaviors constitute a particular ‘disorder’.” Bleuler helped to popularize the idea of the “split mind” in modern times, which has been used to characterize schizophrenia—but……
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References
Kyziridis, T. (2005). Notes on the history of schizophrenia. German Journal of Psychiatry 8, 42-8.
McGuire, P.K. et al. (1995). Abnormal monitoring of inner speech: a physiological basis for auditory hallucinations. The Lancet 346, p. 596-600.
Nimgaonkar,V. (2006). Causes of schizophrenia. PA: University of Pitt.
Smith, D. (2007). Muses, Madmen, and Prophets: Hearing Voices and the Borders of Sanity. NY: Penguin Books.
Watson, J. C. (2011). Treatment failure in humanistic and experiential psychotherapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67(11), 1117-1128. doi:10.1002/jclp.20849
Wedge, M. (2011). Six problems with psychiatric diagnosis for children. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/suffer-the-children/201105/six-problems-psychiatric-diagnosis-children
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