Major Depressive Disorder Essays (Examples)
Study Document
The Biology Of Anxiety And Mood Disorders
Biological Factors in Anxiety and Mood Disorders
Anxiety and mood disorders are serious mental health and medical conditions that require professional treatment from healthcare providers to achieve a complete and lasting recovery. Given the … Heimberg, Fresco & Ritter, 2008). A critical component in the treatment of these conditions is understanding their underlying biological factors. Anxiety and mood disorders have a strong biological basis, which is critical in treatment approaches. An understanding of the biological basis of these conditions help in development … of the biological basis of these conditions help in development of effective treatment approaches. This paper examines biological factors in anxiety and mood disorders and their role in preventing and treating these disorders.
Anxiety Disorders and Mood Disorders
Villaggi et al. (2015) state that anxiety disorders and mood disorders are among the most prevalent psychological or mental health disorders. In this regard, the lifelong prevalence of anxiety……
References
References
Jacofsky, M.D., Santos, M.T., Khemlani-Patel, S. & Neziroglu, F. (n.d.). Biological Explanations of Anxiety: Part II. Retrieved October 24, 2019, from https://www.gracepointwellness.org/1-anxiety-disorders/article/38471-biological-explanations-of-anxiety-part-ii
Javelot et al. (2014). Telemonitoring with Respect to Mood Disorders and Information and Communication Technologies: Overview and Presentation of the PSYCHE Project. BioMed Research International, 2014, 1-12.
Lebowitz, M., Pyun, J.J. & Ahn, W. (2014). Biological Explanations of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Effects on Beliefs About Prognosis and Responsibility. Psychiatric Services, 65(4), 498-503.
Mennin, D.S., Heimberg, R.G., Fresco, D.M. & Ritter, M.R. (2008). Is Generalized Anxiety Disorder an Anxiety or Mood Disorder? Considering Multiple Factors as We Ponder the Fate of GAD. Depression and Anxiety, 25(4), 289-299.
Villaggi et al. (2015). Self-Management Strategies in Recovery from Mood and Anxiety Disorders. Global Qualitative Nursing Research, 2, 1-13.
Study Document
Assessing And Treating Pediatric Clients With Mood Disorders
… to be largely effective. According to Hritzak and Culhane (2004), “Sertraline (Zoloft) is effective and generally well tolerated for the short-term treatment of major depressive disorder both children and adolescents” (17). In essence, Sertraline, which is essentially an SSRI, impacts unbalanced brain chemicals in persons suffering from anxiety … in both children and adolescents” (17). In essence, Sertraline, which is essentially an SSRI, impacts unbalanced brain chemicals in persons suffering from anxiety disorders, panic disorders, as well as depression. Low serotonin levels are often responsible for depression. Thus, Zoloft comes in handy in the restoration of serotonin levels … permit me to raise the dose in the course of time as needed. I would in this case expect a favorable change in depressive symptoms during the next appointment.
The results of decision point one indicate that the client returned to the clinic in 4 weeks and … dose……
References
References
American Academy of Pediatrics (2020). Sertraline - Zoloft (Oral Solution). Retrieved from https://www.aap.org/en-us/professional-resources/Psychopharmacology/Pages/Sertraline-Zoloft-Oral-Solution.aspx
Fainzang, S. (2011). Discourse on safe drug use: symbolic logics and ethical aspects. Drug Saf., 33(8), 623-629.
Hritzak, K. & Culhane, N.S. (2004). Sertraline effective for children and adolescents with major depression. J Fam Pract., 53(1), 8-14.
Milev, D.R. (2015). Does Sleep Quality Change after Switch from Wellbutrin SR to Wellbutrin XL in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder? Retrieved from https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00616915
Mullen, S. (2018). Major depressive disorder in children and adolescents. Ment Health Clin., 8(6), 275-283.
Navels, R.M., Gentkovsky, S.T. & Williams, B.E. (2016). Paroxetine—The Antidepressant from Hell? Probably Not, But Caution Required. Psychopharmacol Bull., 46(1), 77-104.
Patel, K., Allen, S., Haque, M.N., Angelescu, L., Baumeister, D. & Tracy, D.K. (2016). Bupropion: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness as an antidepressant. The Adv Psychopharmacol., 6(2), 99-144.
Study Document
Case Conceptualization Group Therapy CBT And Psychodynamics
… conceptualization covers a weekly outpatient relationships group consisting of fifteen members, ages 25-50. All group members have been formally diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and/or Depression, and some with more than one clinical disorder. Additionally, all members have attended this group for at least six months, most of whom attend regularly on a weekly basis. The case … assessments by a referring psychologist or psychiatrist. Six of the clients have been diagnosed with Depression. Five have been diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Four have been diagnosed with both Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Moreover, three of the clients have been diagnosed with substance use disorder.
In terms of ethnic backgrounds, five of the clients are white, one is East Asian, one is South Asian, two are African American, … on the results of formal assessments such as the GAD-7 and GAD-2, which are valid instruments used to assess clients……
References
References
American Counseling Association (2014). ACA Code of Ethics. Retrieved from: https://www.counseling.org/resources/aca-code-of-ethics.pdf
American Group Psychotherapy Association (2007). Practice guidelines for group psychotherapy. Retrieved from: https://www.agpa.org/docs/default-source/practice-resources/download-full-guidelines-(pdf-format)-group-works!-evidence-on-the-effectiveness-of-group-therapy.pdf?sfvrsn=ce6385a9_2
“Clinical Thinking Skills,” (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://in.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/44297_3.pdf
Glasofer, D.R. (2019). Generalized anxiety disorder. Retrieved from: https://www.verywellmind.com/dsm-5-criteria-for-generalized-anxiety-disorder-1393147
MacNamara, A., Kotov, R. & Hajcak, G. (2016). Diagnosis and symptom-based predictors of emotional processing in generalized anxiety disorder and Major Depressive Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study. Cognitive Therapy and Research 40(2016): 275-289.
Plummer, F., Manea, L., Trepel, D., et al. (2016). Screening for anxiety disorders with the GAD-7 and GAD-2: a systematic review and diagnostic metaanalysis. General Hospital Psychiatry 39(2016): 24-31.
Suszek, H., Holas, P., Wyrzykowski, T., et al. (2015). Short-term intensive psychodynamic group therapy versus cognitive-behavioral group therapy in day treatment of anxiety disorders and comorbid depressive or personality disorders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 16(2015): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4517633/
Thimm, J.C. & Antonsen, L. (2014). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group therapy for depression in routine practice. BMC Psychiatry 14(292): https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-014-0292-x
Study Document
Screening For Depression Among Minority Young Males Attending A Family
… for the type of study and the data collected. The evaluation will include a summary of the study.
Summary of the research
Background
major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common chronic conditions as, according to statistics, one in every five Americans aged 18 years and older … most common chronic conditions as, according to statistics, one in every five Americans aged 18 years and older have experienced at least one major episode of depression. This is even more pronounced among young people as the rate of mental illness is twice as much among persons … 18-25 years old as compared to persons aged 50 years and above (Buzi et al., 2014, p.116). In addition, young males experience persistent depressive symptoms starting from adolescence into adulthood as compared to females. The cause of depression is considered to be an economic strain, racial discrimination, … of depression is……
References
References
Buzi, R. S., Smith, P. B., & Weinman, M. L. (2014). Screening for depression among minority young males attending a family planning clinic. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 15(1), 116.
Gissane, C. (2013). What kind of data do I have? Physiotherapy Practice and Research, 34(2), 123-125.
McHugh, M. L. (2013). The chi-square test of independence. Biochemia medica: Biochemia medica, 23(2), 143-149.
Study Document
Psychological Health
… psychological health via literature review on various studies that exist on this matter.
Background
When it comes to the treatment and management of depressive disorders, psychological interventions play a key role as an alternative treatment. Several treatments have been developed mainly founded on cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, or interpersonal … amount of proof differed across the individual treatments, the health impacts appeared to be of the same magnitude (Barth et al., 2016).
The major of the trials involved in this huge meta-analysis were conducted in specialized mental healthcare surroundings. Two questions arise about the treatment and management ……
References
References
Australian Psychological Society. (2010). Evidence?based psychological interventions in the treatment of mental disorders: A literature review. Victoria: Australian Psychological Association.
Barth, J., Munder, T., Gerger, H., Nüesch, E., Trelle, S., Znoj, H., ... & Cuijpers, P. (2016). Comparative efficacy of seven psychotherapeutic interventions for patients with depression: a network meta-analysis. Focus, 14(2), 229-243.
Castelnuovo, G. (2017). New and old adventures of clinical health psychology in the twenty-first century: standing on the shoulders of giants. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1214.
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive therapy and research, 36(5), 427-440.
Hughes, A. M., Gordon, R., Chalder, T., Hirsch, C. R., & Moss?Morris, R. (2016). Maximizing the potential impact of experimental research into cognitive processes in health psychology: A systematic approach to material development. British journal of health psychology, 21(4), 764-780.
Kirkham, J. G., Choi, N., & Seitz, D. P. (2016). Meta?analysis of problem solving therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder in older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(5), 526-535.
Lenz, A. S., Hall, J., & Bailey Smith, L. (2016). Meta-analysis of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for decreasing symptoms of acute depression. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 41(1), 44-70.
Linde, K., Rücker, G., Sigterman, K., Jamil, S., Meissner, K., Schneider, A., & Kriston, L. (2015). Comparative effectiveness of psychological treatments for depressive disorders in primary care: network meta-analysis. BMC family practice, 16(1), 103.
Study Document
How Millon S Personality Theory Can Be Understood
… structured with regards to 3 polarities. The 3 polarities tend to be pain-pleasure, passive-active, along with self-other. As advised by Strack, Millon's personality disorder model is maybe the most regularly used personality systems of this particular era. Millon has become a notable theorist within the personality disorder theorization. His specific hypothetical design, nevertheless, is one of the least examined, as well as the limited quantity of research which has been … instance, O'Connor and Dyce (1998), utilizing a number of samples and evaluation tools offered by 9 formerly released scientific studies, confirmed that personality disorders usually do not covary in a way that is constant with the way they are explained with regards to the 3 polarities (Widiger, … prototype characteristic qualities which can be helpful for identifying individuals based on DSM requirements. For instance, the factor framework of MCMI PD (personality disorder) scales is basically the same in……
References
References
Pincus, A. L., & Krueger, R. F. (2015). Theodore Millon\\'s contributions to conceptualizing personality disorders. Journal of personality assessment, 97(6), 537-540.
Millon, T., Millon, C. M., Meagher, S. E., Grossman, S. D., & Ramnath, R. (2004). Personality disorders in modern life. John Wiley & Sons.
Rossi, G., & Derksen, J. (2015). International adaptations of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory: Construct validity and clinical applications. Journal of personality assessment, 97(6), 572-590.
O’Connor, B. P., & Dyce, J. A. (1998). A test of models of personality disorder configuration. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(1), 3.
Lecic-Tosevski, D., Gavrilovic, J., Knezevic, G., & Priebe, S. (2003). Personality factors and posttraumatic stress: Associations in civilians one year after air attacks. Journal of Personality Disorders, 17, 537–549.
Strack, S., & Millon, T. (2007). Contributions to the dimensional assessment of personality disorders using Millon\\'s model and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI–III). Journal of Personality Assessment, 89(1), 56-69.
Bajraktarov, S., Gudeva-Nikovska, D., Manuševa, N., & Arsova, S. (2017). Personality Characteristics as Predictive Factors for the Occurrence of Depressive Disorder. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 5(1), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.022
Framingham, J. (2018). Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III). Psych Central.
Study Document
Depression Among Adolescents
… so that the stigma and taboo of depression can be alleviated, allowing those who suffer from it to come forward. In recent years, major public figures, especially athletes, have come into the light to talk about depression. NBA basketball stars Kevin Love and DeMar DeRozan have talked … of reasons. First, they are transitioning from a state of childhood to a state of adulthood: their bodies and minds are undergoing rapid, major changes and their roles and responsibilities are changing as well. They face many new pressures and stressors. Second, adolescents are impacted by peers, … great risk according to the statistics from the National Institute of Mental Health (2019), which found that “the prevalence of adults with a major depressive episode was highest among individuals aged 18-25 (13.1%).” Only 7% of adults suffer from depression, and children under the age of 12 are … to engage in unhealthy……
References
References
Anderson, M. & Jiang, J. (2018). Teens, Social Media & Technology 2018. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/05/31/teens-social-media-technology-2018/
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130-136.
Chester, J., & Montgomery, K. (2008). No escape: Marketing to kids in the digital age. Multinational Monitor, 29(1), 11.
Greenberg, P. (2015). The Growing Economic Burden of Depression in the U.S. Retrieved from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/mind-guest-blog/the-growing-economic-burden-of-depression-in-the-u-s/
Grover, S., Raju, V. V., Sharma, A., & Shah, R. (2019). Depression in children and adolescents: a review of Indian studies. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 41(3), 216.
Korry, E. (2015). California Moves To Stop Misuse Of Psychiatric Meds In Foster Care. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/09/02/436350334/california-moves-to-stop-misuse-of-psychiatric-meds-in-foster-care
Lim, X. J., Radzol, A. M., Cheah, J., & Wong, M. W. (2017). The impact of social media influencers on purchase intention and the mediation effect of customer attitude. Asian Journal of Business Research, 7(2), 19-36.
Lohmann, R. (2019). What\\\\\\'s Driving the Rise in Teen Depression? Retrieved from https://health.usnews.com/wellness/for-parents/articles/2019-04-22/teen-depression-is-on-the-rise
Study Document
Depression In The Military
… the core values and vision that military leaders promote and teach to new recruits and soldiers (Bonde et al., 2016). One of the major reasons for this is that soldiers lack resilience—i.e., the ability to bounce back from adversity. Instead of taking a mental or emotional hit ……
References
References
Bonde, J. P., Utzon-Frank, N., Bertelsen, M., Borritz, M., Eller, N. H., Nordentoft, M., ... & Rugulies, R. (2016). Risk of depressive disorder following disasters and military deployment: systematic review with meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 208(4), 330-336.
Bonelli, R., Dew, R. E., Koenig, H. G., Rosmarin, D. H., & Vasegh, S. (2012). Religious and spiritual factors in depression: review and integration of the research. Depression research and treatment, 2012.
Casey Jr, G. W. (2011). Comprehensive soldier fitness: A vision for psychological resilience in the US Army. American Psychologist, 66(1), 1.
Dolphin, K. E., Steinhardt, M. A., & Cance, J. D. (2015). The role of positive emotions in reducing depressive symptoms among Army wives. Military Psychology, 27(1), 22-35.
Griffith, J., & West, C. (2013). Master resilience training and its relationship to individual well-being and stress buffering among Army National Guard soldiers. The journal of behavioral health services & research, 40(2), 140-155.
Kang, H. K., Bullman, T. A., Smolenski, D. J., Skopp, N. A., Gahm, G. A., & Reger, M. A. (2015). Suicide risk among 1.3 million veterans who were on active duty during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Annals of epidemiology, 25(2), 96-100.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.
Reivich, K. J., Seligman, M. E., & McBride, S. (2011). Master resilience training in the US Army. American Psychologist, 66(1), 25.
Study Document
Intake Information For Mental Health
...Major depressive disorder Case information and intake information
Presenting Problem:
The patient is a Caucasian female that is 29 years old. She presented the symptoms and signs of a mental health condition. Apart from having sleepless nights, she stated that she often felt sad, had crying spells almost daily, and that she was overeating. She stated that her sleeping was not right in the sense that it took her a couple of hours before finally falling a sleep. She also added that during certain nights, falling a sleep was impossible and if it happened, she would only sleep for few hours. She mentioned that she found herself thinking a lot and worrying during the time that she was awake. She said that her worries included the thoughts of her not being a good mother, and she felt as though she was a burden to her husband. She also acknowledged that she often thought……
References
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. BMC Med, 17, 133-137.
Buntrock, C., Ebert, D. D., Lehr, D., Smit, F., Riper, H., Berking, M., & Cuijpers, P. (2016). Effect of a web-based guided self-help intervention for prevention of major depression in adults with subthreshold depression: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 315(17), 1854-1863.
Davaasambuu, S., Aira, T., Hamid, P., Wainberg, M., & Witte, S. (2017). Risk and resilience factors for depression and suicidal ideation in Mongolian college students. Mental health & prevention, 5, 33.
Gilbert, P. (2016). Depression: The evolution of powerlessness. Routledge.
Hammen, C. (2018). Risk factors for depression: An autobiographical review. Annual review of clinical psychology, 14, 1-28.
Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. Macmillan.
Khoury, B., Langer, E. J., & Pagnini, F. (2014). The DSM: mindful science or mindless power? A critical review. Frontiers in psychology, 5, 602.
MacGill, M. (2017). What is depression and what can I do about it? Medical News Today. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/kc/depression-causes-symptoms-treatments-8933.
Study Document
Depression Status Among Empty Nest Elderly In China
Gong et al. (2018) states that depressive symptoms and empty phenomenon of elderly people in rural areas is one of the major public health issues in China, which has one of the largest elderly population in the world. It is estimated that elderly people aged … physiological capabilities and functions. As age increases, empty nesters face significant physiological deterioration and a wide range of psychosocial problems. Some of the major psychosocial problems faced by this population include anxiety disorders, loneliness, and depression. Depression is generally one of the major psychiatric issues facing elderly people and has severe impacts on their health status and wellbeing (Zhang et al., 2019). Empty nesters in China ……
References
References
Gong, F., Zhao, D., Zhao, Y., Lu, S., Qian, Z. & Sun, Y. (2018). The Factors Associated With Geriatric Depression in Rural China: Stratified by Household Structure. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 23(5), 593-603.
Liang, Y. & Wu, W. (2014). Exploratory Analysis of Health-related Quality of Life Among the Empty-nest Elderly in Rural China: An Empirical Study in Three Economically Developed Cities in Eastern China. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 12(59). doi:10.1186/1477-7525-12-59
Lu, J., Zhang, C., Xue, Y., Mao, D., Zheng, X., Wu, S. & Wang, X. (2019). Moderating Effect of Social Support on Depression and Health Promoting Lifestyle for Chinese Empty Nesters: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 256, 495-508.
Wang, L., Liu, W., Liang, Y. & Wei, Y. (2019). Mental Health and Depressive Feeling of Empty-Nest Elderly People in China. American Journal of Health Behavior, 43(6), 1171-1185.
Xie, L., Zhang, J., Peng, F. & Jiao, N. (2010). Prevalence and Related Influencing Factors of Depressive Symptoms for Empty-nest Elderly Living in the Rural Area of YongZhou, China. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 50, 24-29.
Zhai, Y., Yi, H., Shen, W., Xiao, Y., Fan, H., He, F., Li, F., Wang, X., Shang, X. & Lin, J. (2015). Association of Empty Nest with Depressive Symptom in a Chinese Elderly Population: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 187, 218-223.
Zhang, C., Xue, Y., Zhao, H., Zheng, X., Zhu, R., Du, Y., Zheng, J. & Yang, T. (2019). Prevalence and Related Influencing Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Empty-nest Elderly in Shanxi, China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 245, 750-756.
Zhou, J., Xiao, L., Zhou, Y., Rui, G. & Ni, X. (2019). The Depression Status of Empty Nesters in Eastern Rural China. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 47(2), 1-9.
Improve your studying and writing skills
We have over 150,000+ study documents to help you.
Sign Up for FREE
