Engagement Essays (Examples)
Study Document
COVID 19 In South Africa Nigeria And Swaziland
...Engagement Literature Review on Coping Through The Use Of Informal Institutions during COVID 19 in South Africa, Nigeria, and Swaziland
The institutional theory deals with the outlines, regulations, standards, and procedures that are formulated in the institutions as commanding instructions for social behavior. This theory gives an understanding of how institutions are shaped, and the societal norms and frameworks are informed to all people of an organization. Communication is the sole indicator of how organizations are formulated with the help of formal rules and regulations, as that would reflect how they are conversed across all levels of the firm and in what way people are obeying them. This would ultimately build an organizational culture for coping with social and political issues. The informal institutions are socially shared instructions, typically unwritten, that are formed, transferred and imposed outside the official boundaries (Torniainen & Sasstamoinen, 2007), for example, giving tips to the food……
References
References
Coelho, A. (2019). The role of informal institutions in the enforcement of rules and how to improve corporate and public governance in Brazil: Studies based on a set of corporate governance cases involving state-owned companies (Working Paper). Retrieved from SSRN website https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3434037
Dacin, M.T., Goodstein, J. & Scott, W.R. (2002). Institutional theory and institutional change: Introduction to the special research forum. Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), 45- 47. DOI: 10.2307/3069284
Escandon-Barbosa, D.M., Urbano, D., Hurtado-Ayala, A., Paramo, J.S. & Dominguez, A.Z. (2019). Formal institutions, informal institutions, and entrepreneurial activity: A comparative relationship between rural and urban areas in Colombia. Journal of Urban Management, 8(3), 458-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2019.06.002
Estrin, S. & Prevezer, M. (2010). The role of informal institutions in corporate governance: Brazil, Russia, India, and China compared. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 28, 41- 67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-010-9229-1
Kaufmann, W., Hooghiemstra, R. & Feeney, M.K. (2018). Formal institutions, informal institutions, and red tape: A comparative study. Public Administration, 96(2), 386-403. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12397
Meluch, A.L. (2016, August). Understanding the organizational and institutional origins of social support in a cancer support center. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=kent1466944822&disposition=inline
Torniainen, T.J. & Sasstamoinen, O.J. (2007). Formal and informal institutions and their hierarchy in the regulation of the forest lease in Russia. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, 80(5), 489-501. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpm033
Study Document
Criminal Perspectives Social Trait Classical
...Engagement Criminological Perspectives
Criminological perspectives explain why people commit crime and why some people are more predisposed to engage in criminal activity than others. The trait, social, and classical/choice perspectives are among the most common criminological perspectives. This text describes the core arguments of these three perspectives and how they dictate the sentencing model used at trial.
The Trait Perspective
The trait perspective argues that an individual’s predisposition to commit crime is influenced by their biological or genetic makeup (Siegel, 2015). According to the trait perspective, humans are born-criminals. However, individuals have certain traits such as blood chemistry disorders, neurological problems, defective intelligence or psychological disorders that determine whether or not they engage in crime when under duress or pushed in a certain direction. Traditional trait theorists believe that these biological and psychological attributes explain all criminality (Siegel, 2015). Contemporary theorists, however, believe that environmental factors such as disorganized neighborhoods, socioeconomic……
References
References
Cole, G., & Smith, C. (2007). Criminal Justice in America (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.
Hagan, F. E. (2010). Introduction to Criminology: Theory, Methods and Criminal Behavior (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Mackenzie, D. L. (2001). Sentencing and Corrections in the 21st century: Setting the Stage for the Future. National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/189106-2.pdf
Siegel, L. J. (2015). Criminology: Theories, Patterns and Typologies (12th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Study Document
Reflected Best Self Report RBS
… very willing participants. Asking specific questions proves helpful. For example, I inquired about whether I am a reader or a listener in interpersonal engagements, and also asked questions about my learning style in accordance with the Drucker (1999) research. Knowing how we learn can inspire us to ……
References
References
Cooley, C.H. (1902). Human nature and the social order. New York: Scribners.
Drucker, P.F. (1999). Managing oneself. Harvard Business Review. 83(1), 100-10.
Northouse, P. (2018). Leadership: Theory and practice (8th ed.). Melbourne. SAGE Publications.
Oysermann, D., Bybee, D., & Terry, K. (2006). Possible selves and academic outcomes: How and when possible selves impel action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 188-204.
Roberts, L., Dutton, J., Spreitzer, G., Heaphy, E., & Quinn, R. (2005). Composing the reflected best-self portrait: Building pathways for becoming extraordinary in work organizations. Academy of Management Review, 30(4), 712-736.
Tice, D.M. & Wallace, H. 2003. The reflected self: Creating yourself as (you think) others see you. In M. R. Leary and J. P. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity: 91-105. New York: The Guilford Press.
Study Document
Employment Law
… disclosure of the proprietary process it uses to make Ever-Gold. Towards this end we would base our entitlement to the fact that Jennifer’s engagement to Howell was primarily anchored on her disclosure of the confidential information relating to Ever-Gold’s production process. There is evidence indicating that the ……
References
References
Frey, M.A. (2015). Essentials of Contract Law (2nd ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.
Gross, J.A. & Compa, L.A. (2009). Human Rights in Labor and Employment Relations International and Domestic Perspectives. Champaign, IL: Labor and Employment Relations Association.
Peacock, W. (2013). Breach of Contract, Confidential Info Leak Case: Hallmark Prevails. Retrieved from https://blogs.findlaw.com/eighth_circuit/2013/01/hallmark-prevails-in-breach-of-contract-confidential-info-leak-case.html
Study Document
Counterintelligence Issues Within The United States
...Engagement Why Ethical Egoism is a Problematic Framework for Intelligence
CI Literature Review
Introduction
The aim of this examination of the literature is to fill the wide gap that remains in counterintelligence research regarding an appropriate ethical standard that can guide and foster an ethical culture, as called for by Bellaby (2012) and Valentine (2016). The purpose of this review is to identify the lessons that have been learned and presented by researchers on this topic, and to identify an appropriate theoretical framework for assessing the way forward. The research question for this study is: How can the US counterintelligence enterprise support collaboration among the various USIC members and the private sector in an ethical and productive manner? The ultimate purpose of this study is to propose a standardized ethical framework for guiding the counterintelligence program as it works to collaborate with the private sector in the 21st century. Therefore, the……
References
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. "The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles." Bachelor's thesis, Università Ca'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Cohen, Shlomo. 2016. "Are There Moral Limits to Military Deception?." Philosophia 44 (4): 1305-1318.
Coyne, John, Peter Bell, and Shannon Merrington. 2013. "Exploring ethics in intelligence and the role of leadership." Interntional Journal of Business and Commerce 2 (10): 27-37.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. "'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering." Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. "Strategic denial and deception." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Study Document
Counterintelligence Issues Within United States
… was to “Advance our Counterintelligence and Security Mission and Optimize Enterprise Capabilities through Partnerships”; Goal 4 was to “Strengthen our Effectiveness through Stakeholder Engagement, Governance, and Advocacy”; and Goal 5 was to “Achieve our Mission through Organizational Excellence” (National Counterintelligence and Security Center Strategy 2018-2020 2020, ii). ……
References
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. \\\\\\"The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles.\\\\\\" Bachelor\\\\\\'s thesis, Università Ca\\\\\\'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. \\\\\\"\\\\\\'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul\\\\\\'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering.\\\\\\" Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. \\\\\\"Strategic denial and deception.\\\\\\" International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Horkheimer, Max. 1972. Critical Theory. New York: Seabury Press.
Intelligence and National Security Alliance. 2020. Counterintelligence for the 21st Century. Arlington, VA.
Study Document
Foxtrot Phone Scandal
… members of Foxtrot Company are expected to uphold values of honor and devotion to duty and have adequate resources to do so. Their engagement in this practice does not reflect commitment to these values and desired ethical behavior. As a result, notifying the management of their unethical ……
References
References
Cooper, T.L. (2012). The responsible administrator: An approach to ethics for the administrative role (6th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
European Ombudsman. (2012, November 15). Ensuring Ethics in Public Administration: The Role of the Ombudsman. Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://www.ombudsman.europa.eu/en/speech/en/49379
Kapstein, M. (2015). The Battle for Business Ethics: A Struggle Theory. Journal of Business Ethics, 144, 343-361.
Ondrova, D. (2017). Challenges of Modern Public Administration and Ethical Decision-Making. RAP, 3, 255-279.
Singh, A.K. & Mishra, N.K. (2018). Ethical Theory & Business – A Study Based on Utilitarianism and Kantianism. International Journal of Humanities and Social Development Research, 2(1), 97-113.
Stein, C. (2019, January 25). Ethical Considerations in Public Administration. PA Times. Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://patimes.org/ethical-considerations-in-public-administration/
Study Document
US Government Contracting Process Article
… but they are not limited to, enhanced efficiency and access to higher skill levels. To a large extent, the competitive nature of such engagements results in greater efficiency in as far as service delivery is concerned. It is important to note that in principle, the government contracting ……
References
Article Abstract
Berrios, R. (2006). Government Contracts and Contractor Behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 63: 119-130.
Privatization, in the realm of government contracts, could be conceptualized in terms of outsourcing and contracting out. Here, the government reaches out to firms in the private sector to avail essential and other critical services. There are various benefits that could be realized as a consequence of such a move. These include, but they are not limited to, enhanced efficiency and access to higher skill levels. To a large extent, the competitive nature of such engagements results in greater efficiency in as far as service delivery is concerned. It is important to note that in principle, the government contracting system ought to not only be competitive, but also open. In some instances, however, this has not been the case. This is more so the case given that some of the contracts awarded in the past have not sufficiently followed the competitive bidding ideals. Further, in some instances, the government has held the short end of the stick in as far as risk is concerned due to cost-plus contract awards. Yet another major concern in this realm has been lack of systems to not only oversee, but also monitor private contractors. In this case, the government has in some instances failed to actively utilize past performance evaluations. The situation is further complicated by the fact that most of the private contractors engaged by the government have extensive contacts inside the U.S. government, have vast resources at their disposal, and are relatively well-established in their respective industries. With this in mind, there is need to conduct a review of the present U.S. government contracting practices and evaluate private contractor behaviors. A study of this nature would enable us to evaluate the effectiveness of the U.S. government contracting process.
Study Document
Strengths Based Approach For Depression
...Engagement Life-Stage Considerations: Strengths-Based Approach
Introduction
A strengths-based approach to treatment resonates greatly with resiliency models involving patients and their families, as well as family-focused care grounded in mutually helpful practitioner-patient family therapeutic relationships. In this sort of care setting, patients and their family members actively engage in identifying concerns or issues, making decisions, and formulating steps for patient health restoration and promotion (Swartz, 2017, p. 1). In particular, Ballantyne and Gan (2016, p. 233) delineate a solutions-oriented or strengths-grounded intervention approach for families of teens suffering from severe brain damage. According to the authors, every household possesses the strength, capability, and resources for recovering from adversity. Additionally, they explain that unlike the conventional clinical model, strengths-based therapy revolves around strengths as opposed to deficiencies, promotes teamwork as against hierarchy, makes use of resources as against expert opinion, emphasizes skills and solutions as opposed to what must be resolved, and concentrates on……
References
References
Ditton, L. (2015). Depression Treatment: Strengths-based Approaches. Available at http://www.esteempsychology.com.au
Gan, C., & Ballantyne, M. (2016). Brain injury family intervention for adolescents: A solution-focused approach. NeuroRehabilitation, 38(3), 231-241.
Gottlieb, L. (2014). Strengths-based nursing: A holistic approach to care, grounded in eight core values. American Journal of Nursing, 114(8), 24-32.
Liu, R. T., Kleiman, E., Nestor, B., Cheek, S. (2015). The Hopelessness Theory of Depression: A Quarter Century in Review. Clin Psychol, 22(4), 345-365. DOI:10.1111/cpsp.12125.
Swartz, M. K. (2017). A Strength-Based Approach to Care. J Pediatr Health Care, 31, 1-1. Available at https://www.jpedhc.org/article/S0891-5245(16)30281-4/pdf
World Health Organization. (1998). Health Promotion Glossary. World Health Organization. Available at https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/about/HPR%20Glossary%201998.pdf?ua=1
Xie, H. (2013). Strengths-Based Approach for Mental Health Recovery. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci, 7(2), 5-10. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3939995/
Study Document
Branding Study
… Nike could also consider allowing consumers to design their own shoes online for purchase the way Vans does. This would also promote consumer engagement.
Conclusion
Nike has been at the top of the sports apparel and retail world for decades, but with increasing competition and its decision ……
References
Works Cited
“About Nike.” Nike, 2000. https://about.nike.com/
Global News. “Nike shoes burn on social media as Colin Kaepernick features in ‘Just Do It’ campaign.” Global News, 2018 https://globalnews.ca/news/4425379/nike-shoes-burn-colin-kaepernick/
Morning Consult. “Nike's Favorability Drops Double Digits Following New ‘Just Do It’ Campaign with Colin Kaepernick.” Morning Consult, 2019. https://morningconsult.com/form/nike-kaepernick-report/
Peters, Jeremy. “The Birth of ‘Just Do It’ and Other Magic Words.” The New York Times, 19 Aug 2009. https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/20/business/media/20adco.html?_r=3&ref=busine ss
Storey, G. “Nike and the importance of meaningful brand values.” Polpeo, 2019. https://polpeo.com/nike-and-the-importance-of-meaningful-brand-values/
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