Business Ethics Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Global Issues And Diversity
Introduction
Diversity is a common topic in business today, for a few different reasons. First, most workforces these days are diverse places, but even when they are not, people work with … are not, people work with other offices in other countries, with suppliers around the world, and with customers wherever they are found. If business fifty years ago was largely a regional affair, it is fully global today, and that demands an entirely new skill set around understanding … today, and that demands an entirely new skill set around understanding diversity and global issues, and working within those contexts to deliver exceptional business results.
Diversity
There are a few different ways to understand diversity. The first is to take sort of a “census” approach, breaking people … from countries that have high levels of diversity of their own.
It is important to recognize diversity based on such demographic characteristics……
References
References
Dyllick, T. & Muff, K. (2015) Clarifying the meaning of sustainable business: Introducing a typology from business-as-usual to true business sustainability. Organization & Environment. Vol. 2015, 1-19.
Lozano, J. & Escrich, T. (2017) Cultural diversity in business: A critical reflection on the ideology of tolerance. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 142 (4) 679-696.
Maj, J. (2015) Diversity management’s stakeholders and stakeholders management. Proceedings of the 9th International Management Conference. Retrieved February 19, 2019 from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jolanta_Maj/publication/282848702_Diversity_management\\\\'s_stakeholders_and_stakeholders_management/links/561e400f08ae50795afd9360/Diversity-managements-stakeholders-and-stakeholders-management.pdf
Study Document
The Moral And Ethical Implications Emerging Due To Globalization
...Business ethics Globalization and Its Ethical Implications
The dynamic force of globalization, a phenomenon of interconnectedness and integration of economies around the world, has resulted not only to increasing opportunities for trade diversification but presents inherent risk such as global financial instability, increased inequalities, terrorism. In an increasingly interdependent world, increasing world population, scientific and technology innovation advancement, global human development issues, global governance, peace and security, global environment and natural resources are emerging global issues of interest to both national and international governments and critical for maintaining global stability (Bhargava, 2007).
Forces of globalization have contributed to multilateral trade liberalization, which has an economic value such as increasing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), greater economies of scale and scope and knowledge, and technology spillovers (Bhargava, 2007). It's enabled the development of competitive and comparative advantage in manufacturing by developing countries. The expansion of economic activities across the globe has put pressure on……
References
References
Ahmad, A. (2013) \\\\\\'A Global Ethics for a Globalized World,\\\\\\' Policy Perspectives, 10(1), pp. 63–77. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/42909298.
Bereiter, C. and Scardamalia, M. (2020) \\\\\\'What will it mean to be\\\\\\" educated\\\\\\" in 2020\\\\\\', The Gordon Commission on the Future of Assessment in Education.
Buller, P. F., Kohls, J. J. and Anderson, K. S. (1991) \\\\\\'The challenge of global ethics,\\\\\\' Journal of Business Ethics, 10(10), pp. 767–775. DOI: 10.1007/BF00705711.
Gampel, E. H. (2010) \\\\\\'A framework for reasoning about ethical issues\\\\\\', pp. 1–18. Available at: http://www.academia.edu/4323854/A_Framework_for_Reasoning_about_Ethical_Issues .
Gong, Q. and Zhang, L. (2010) \\\\\\'Virtue ethics and modern society—A response to the thesis of the modern predicament of virtue ethics _ SpringerLink,\\\\\\' Frontiers of Philosophy in China, 5(2), pp. 255–265.
Newton, L. (2008) \\\\\\'Hale Chair in Applied Ethics Resources - Manuals.\\\\\\' Available at: http://www.rit.edu/cla/ethics/resources/manuals/dgae1p1.html .
The Blogxer (2012) \\\\\\'Responsibilities of an educated person,\\\\\\' The Third Eye. Available at: http://enlighten-me-not.blogspot.co.ke/2012/03/responsibilities-of-educated-person.html .
Study Document
Ethical Issues In Reporting
ethics and ethical behavior can be taught, just as one can teach right and wrong to a child. A child without such an education … such an education is more likely to stumble into deviant behavior, and the same goes for an adult who is not trained in ethics and what constitutes ethical behavior. The whole point of Socrates’ teaching the youth of Athens was to train their minds and wills so … their minds and wills so that they can pursue the higher, nobler truths and live a life that aligned with the Good. Were ethics and ethical behavior incapable of being taught, Socrates would not have succeeded in laying the foundation of Western philosophy, his pupil Plato would … Western philosophy, his pupil Plato would not have succeeded in his school, and Aristotle would not have proceeded with his framework for virtue ethics and the school of character……
References
References
Bedi, A., Alpaslan, C. M., & Green, S. (2016). A meta-analytic review of ethical leadership outcomes and moderators. Journal of Business Ethics, 139(3), 517-536.
Holyoke, T. T., Brown, H., & LaPira, T. M. (2015). Learnable skills, or unteachable instinct? What can and what cannot be taught in the lobbying profession. Interest Groups & Advocacy, 4(1), 7-24.
Kalshoven, K., van Dijk, H., & Boon, C. (2016). Why and when does ethical leadership evoke unethical follower behavior?. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31(2), 500-515.
Study Document
Agency Theory And The Limitations Of Representative Government
...Business ethics The Political Nature of the Federal Budget Process
Introduction
The federal budget process is overseen by US Congressmen, who are fundamentally immersed in the political nature of government. As Elwood (2008) notes, members of Congress are influenced in three ways: 1) by money that is used to finance their political campaigns; 2) by obtaining the votes necessary for reelection; and 3) by obtaining expert advice on topics that are of personal importance to them. The federal budget process is particularly impactful on the first two and vice versa. For example, “the ability to funnel money into a congressional district or state provides an excellent opportunity for a legislator to remain in office” (Elwood, 2008, p. 3). This ability creates a conflict of interest among the politicians overseeing the budget process. On the one hand they are tasked with producing a budget resolution and allocating funds based on the duty to……
References
References
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Agency theory: An assessment and review. Academy of management review, 14(1), 57-74.
Elwood, T. W. (2008). Politics of the US Federal Budget Process. International quarterly of community health education, 28(1), 3-12.
Jennings, M. (2008). Business Ethics: Case Studies and Selected Readings. Cengage.
Machold, S., Ahmed, P.K., & Farquhar, S.S. (2007). Corporate Governance and Ethics: A Feminist Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics (2008) 81:665-678.
ProActive Solutions. (2020). Agency theory. Retrieved from http://knowledgegrab.com/learners-zone/study-support/performance-management-review/framework-introduction-to-hrm/agency-theory/
Study Document
CEOs And Presidents
… there are downside risks to influence that have to be mitigated and one way to do that is to implement a system of ethics that will prevent egos from running amok and causing problems for stakeholders and consumers. The more that leaders reflect on the importance of ……
References
References
Bromley, H. R. (2007). Are you a transformational leader?. Physician Executive, 33(6), 54.
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2014). Do role models matter? An investigation of role modeling as an antecedent of perceived ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 122(4), 587-598.
Chamers, M.M. (2014). An Integrative Theory of Leadership (4thed.). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
De Vries, M.F.K. (1998). Charisma in action: The transformational abilities of Virgin's Richard Branson and ABB's Percy Barnevik. Organizational Dynamics, 26(3), 7-21.
Healthcare Technology Report. (2019). Alex Gorsky is the all-American CEO. Retrieved from https://thehealthcaretechnologyreport.com/alex-gorsky-is-the-all-american-ceo/
Holmes, A. (2007). Ethics: Approaching moral decisions. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
Kameda, T., Ohtsubo, Y., & Takezawa, M. (1997). Centrality in sociocognitive networks and social influence: An illustration in a group decision-making context. Journal of personality and social psychology, 73(2), 296.
Kolodny, L. (2018). Elon Musk’s extreme micromanagement has wasted time and money at Tesla, insiders say. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/2018/10/19/tesla-ceo-elon-musk-extreme-micro-manager.html
Study Document
Nelson Mandela
… values. Ethical decisions form an important component of efficient leaders, in addition to their capability of driving others towards goal attainment.
The term ethics, or moral philosophy as it is otherwise referred to, entails systematization, defense and recommendation of the concepts of correct and incorrect conduct (Fisher … to, entails systematization, defense and recommendation of the concepts of correct and incorrect conduct (Fisher & Lovell, 2006). Every professional must necessarily follow ethics codes. Ethical leadership results in the development of an ethically sound corporate culture which functions as the basis for ethical decisions. In this … that led to the end of the apartheid era and White and Black South Africans understanding and respecting one another. His sense of ethics was superior as well, and he effectively convinced his community (i.e., South African Blacks) that their issues could be solved. He was known ……
References
References
Daft, R. L. (2010). Organization theory and design, 10th Edition. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.
Ferrell, O. C., & Fraedrich, J. (2015). Business ethics: Ethical decision making & cases. Nelson Education.
Fisher, C., & Lovell, A. (2006). Business Ethics and Values: Individual, Corporate and International Perspectives. FT Prentice Hall.
Glad, B., & Blanton, R. (1997). FW de Klerk and Nelson Mandela: A study in cooperative transformational leadership. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 27(3), 565-590.
Masbagusdanta, K. (2013). Everyone Can Be a Moral Leader. Global ethics network. Retrieved from https://www.globalethicsnetwork.org/profiles/blogs/everyone-can-be-a-moral-leader
Schoemaker, P.J.H. & Krupp, S. (2014). 6 principles that made Nelson Mandela a renowned leader. Fortune. Retrieved from https://fortune.com/2014/12/05/6-principles-that-made-nelson-mandela-a-renowned-leader/
Tutu, D. (2013). Nelson Mandela: A colossus of unimpeachable moral character. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/nelson-mandela-a-colossus-of-unimpeachable-moral-character/2013/12/06/0a2cd28a-5ec9-11e3-be07-006c776266ed_story.html
Study Document
Trust And Relationships In Negotiation
...Business ethics Trust and Relationships in Negotiation
Introduction
Successful negotiations rely heavily upon the ability of those involved to develop trust and build solid relationships. If parties to a negotiation cannot trust one another and do not develop the kind of relationships required, it is highly unlikely that they will arrive at the kind of satisfactory, win-win outcome that all sides desire. But how does one define trust? What steps can be taken to best support a working relationship? How can one tell if one is moving towards a successful negotiation or working against one’s own best interests? This paper will review the topic of trust and relationship development in negotiations to show how one can approach the problem of trust and relationship building while working on negotiating an outcome that satisfies all parties.
What is Trust?
Trust is a concept that has different meanings depending on how one thinks of its……
References
References
Butler Jr, J. K. (1999). Trust expectations, information sharing, climate of trust, and negotiation effectiveness and efficiency. Group & Organization Management, 24(2), 217-238.
Lewicki, R. J., & Stevenson, M. A. (1997). Trust development in negotiation: Proposed actions and a research agenda. Business & Professional Ethics Journal, 16(1/3), 99-132.
Olekalns, M., & Smith, P. L. (2009). Mutually dependent: Power, trust, affect and the use of deception in negotiation. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(3), 347-365.
Ross, W., & LaCroix, J. (1996). Multiple meanings of trust in negotiation theory and research: A literature review and integrative model. International Journal of Conflict Management. 7(4), 314–360.
Shell, G. R. (1991). Opportunism and trust in the negotiation of commercial contracts:Toward a new cause of action. Vand. L. Rev., 44, 221.
Study Document
Impact Of Agency Theory
… interest. It is highly imperative that the ethical foundation within the firms are strong to base the decision making on the principles of ethics communicated to all the executives and the management level employees to instill within them the spirit of acting ethically and morally in the ……
References
References
Demsetz, R. S. (1997). Agency Problems and Risk Taking at Banks.
Heath, J. (n.d.). Uses and Abuses of Agency Theory. Business Ethics Quarterly.
Kuypers, A. (2011). How is dealt with the agency problem and what is the role of the board of directors in it?
Lumen. (n.d.). Agency and Conflicts of Interests. Lumen. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-finance/chapter/agency-and-conflicts-of-interest/
Murray, I. (2016, September ). Wells Fargo and the Principle Agent Problem. Competitive Enterprise Institute.
Palia, D. (2007). “Agency Theory in Banking: An Empirical Analysis of Moral Hazard and the Agency Costs of Equity. Banks and Banks System.
Pennsylvania, W. U. (2017, August 08). Wells Fargo: What It Will Take to Clean Up the Mess. Wharton University of Pensylvannia.
Study Document
Using Tactical Empathy And Effective Silence To Negotiate An Outcome
...Business ethics Simulation – Role playing exercise negotiation skills assessment
Role Playing Exercise
Introduction
Relationships are crucial in any negotiation—in fact they are the bedrock of negotiation, as there can be no negotiation without first establishing the foundation of relationship. The relationship need not be identical to friendship, but it must be workable and rooted in respect. In the role playing exercise “Lost at Sea,” the items listed in Appendix A were ranked in order of importance, with 1 being the most important and 15 being the least important to a group of sailors lost in a life raft at sea after their ship had sunk. The fishing kit has been ranked most important, for instance, because it was viewed as a means of obtaining food for the group. The rum was ranked least important because it would only dehydrate and dull the senses. Among a group of sailors, the captain should……
References
References
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2014). Do role models matter? An investigation of role modeling as an antecedent of perceived ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 122(4), 587-598.
Combs, J. P., Harris, S., & Edmonson, S. (2015). Four Essential Practices for Building Trust. Educational Leadership, 72(7), 18-22.
Fisher, R. & Ury, W. (1991). Getting to Yes. NY: Penguin.
Lunenburg, F. C. (2012). Power and leadership: An influence process. International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration, 15(1), 1-9.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.
Ritzer, G. & Stepnisky, J. (2017). Modern sociological theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Singh-Sengupta, S. (1997). Leadership: A Style or an Influence Process. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 265-286.
Study Document
US Government Contracting Process Article
Article Abstract
Berrios, R. (2006). Government Contracts and Contractor Behavior. Journal of business ethics, 63: 119-130.
Privatization, in the realm of government contracts, could be conceptualized in terms of outsourcing and contracting out. Here, the government reaches ……
References
Article Abstract
Berrios, R. (2006). Government Contracts and Contractor Behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 63: 119-130.
Privatization, in the realm of government contracts, could be conceptualized in terms of outsourcing and contracting out. Here, the government reaches out to firms in the private sector to avail essential and other critical services. There are various benefits that could be realized as a consequence of such a move. These include, but they are not limited to, enhanced efficiency and access to higher skill levels. To a large extent, the competitive nature of such engagements results in greater efficiency in as far as service delivery is concerned. It is important to note that in principle, the government contracting system ought to not only be competitive, but also open. In some instances, however, this has not been the case. This is more so the case given that some of the contracts awarded in the past have not sufficiently followed the competitive bidding ideals. Further, in some instances, the government has held the short end of the stick in as far as risk is concerned due to cost-plus contract awards. Yet another major concern in this realm has been lack of systems to not only oversee, but also monitor private contractors. In this case, the government has in some instances failed to actively utilize past performance evaluations. The situation is further complicated by the fact that most of the private contractors engaged by the government have extensive contacts inside the U.S. government, have vast resources at their disposal, and are relatively well-established in their respective industries. With this in mind, there is need to conduct a review of the present U.S. government contracting practices and evaluate private contractor behaviors. A study of this nature would enable us to evaluate the effectiveness of the U.S. government contracting process.
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