African American History Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Female Hip Hop Artists Impact
… always been part of hip hop, even though their accomplishments and impact have been understated and unsung. Yet any cursory examination of the history of hip hop reveals countless female musicians and performers. Some, like Queen Latifah, Missy Elliot, Salt-N-Pepa, Lauryn Hill, and Nicki Minaj, become household … videos, their being center stage conveys a sort of irony that needs to be considered as deliberate and subversive; a means by which african american women can “search for self-identity and self-control,” (White 607). The presence of women in hip hop historically paved the way for other female ……
References
Works Cited
Bruce, La Mar Jurelle. “’The People Inside My Head, Too’: Madness, Black Womanhood, and the Radical Performance of Lauryn Hill.” African American Review, Vol. 45, No. 3 (2012): 371-389.
Jamerson, J’na. ““Best-of” lists and conversations often exclude women. Why?” BBC. 8 Oct, 2019. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20191007-why-are-there-so-few-women-in-best-of-hip-hop-polls
Morris, Tyana. “The Evolution of Women in Hip Hop.” The Pine Needle. 31 Jan, 2018. Retreived from https://www.pineneedlenews.com/single-post/2018/01/31/The-Evolution-of-Women-in-Hip-Hop
Orcutt, KC. “Each One, Teach One | What generations of women in hip hop teach us about perseverance.” Revolt. Oct 16, 2019. Retrieved from https://www.revolt.tv/2019/10/16/20917629/women-in-hip-hop-lessons
Oware, Matthew. “A ‘Man’s Woman’?” Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 39, No. 5 (2007): 786-802.
Tillet, S. (2014). Strange Sampling: Nina Simone and Her Hip-Hop Children. American Quarterly, 66(1), 119–137. doi:10.1353/aq.2014.0006
UDiscover (2019). Let’s talk about the female MCs who shaped hip-hop. Dec 9, 2019. Retrieved from https://www.udiscovermusic.com/stories/the-female-rappers-who-shaped-hip-hop/
White, Theresa R. “Missy “Misdemeanor” Elliott and Nicki Minaj.” Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 44, No. 6, (2013): 607–626. doi:10.1177/0021934713497365
Study Document
Business Proposal For Coffee Shop And Restaurants
Business Proposal for Coffee Shop & Restaurants: The Madam Walker Theatre
History and Why the Business Fits
My business proposal is to start (re-start) the coffee-shop/restaurant that once existed in Walker Theatre (it was then … Walker Theatre (it was then named “The Coffee Pot”). The Madam Walker Theatre was named after Madam C. J. Sarah Breedlove Walker, an african-american entrepreneur who specialized in hair care and beauty products that were manufactured and sold in the building that now serves as her namesake. … in 1927 and served as both the headquarters for the Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company—one of the biggest and brightest examples of african-american ingenuity and industry in the 20th century (National Park Service, 2019)—and as an entertainment theatre for the african american community, where jazz bands played and showmen performed. There was salon and beauty school, a ballroom, a movie theatre, a drugstore, professional offices,……
References
References
Benedict-Browne, T. (2019). The Icon of Indiana Avenue. Retrieved from http://nomeancity.com/walker-theater
Evans, D. (2010). Social media marketing: An hour a day. John Wiley & Sons.
Hobbs, J. (2017). 15 of Africa's favorite dishes. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/africa-food dishes/index.html#targetText=Pap%20en%20vleis%2FShisa%20nyama%2C%20South%20Africa&targetText=Chops%2C%20steak%2C%20chicken%2C%20kebabs,and%20suurpap%20(soured%20pap).
Madam Walker Legacy Center. (2019). Retrieved from https://madamwalkerlegacycenter.com/
National Park Service. (2019). Madame C. J. Walker Building. Retrieved from https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/indianapolis/walkerbuilding.html
Trout, J. & Rivkin, S. (2006). Differentiate or die. In The marketing Gurus (ed. Murray). NY: Penguin.
Study Document
Frederick Douglass Civil Reforms In United States
… 1838 and becoming one of the key leaders and advocates for the abolition of Slavery in the United States. He revered by the african american community and american in general for his fight against slavery. Long after his death, U.S. Civil Rights Movement leaders referred to him in their speeches and … against slavery. Long after his death, U.S. Civil Rights Movement leaders referred to him in their speeches and used his fight to inspire american to fight for the rights of african american. This paper looks at the life of Fredrick Douglass and his massive contributions to the abolitionist movement and women's suffrage in the U.S. … show that slavery is unjust, immoral, ungodly, unnatural, and cruel. He made his arguments very in his speeches as a member of the american Anti-Slavery Society that was led by Garrison. He also made them clear in his autobiography, which he……
References
Works cited
Douglass, Frederick. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The Civil Rights Case.\\\\\\\\\\\\" speech at Lincoln Hall, Washington, DC 22 (1883): 1950-75.
Douglass, Frederick. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The meaning of July Fourth for the Negro.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Frederick Douglass: Selected speeches and writings (1852): 188-206.
DuBois, Ellen Carol. Feminism and suffrage: The emergence of an independent women\\\\\\\\\\\\'s movement in America, 1848-1869. Cornell University Press, 1978.
Fredrickson, George M. Racism: A short history. Princeton University Press, 2002.
Gooding-Williams, Robert. In the shadow of Du Bois: Afro-modern political thought in America. Harvard University Press, 2009.
Jefferson, Thomas. Notes on the State of Virginia. Penguin, 1999.
Lee, Maurice S., ed. The Cambridge Companion to Frederick Douglass. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
McCarthy, Thomas. Race, empire, and the idea of human development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Study Document
Racial Equality And Justice
Racial injustice is a part of american history. In spite of legislation like the Civil Rights Act of 1964, racial injustice remains rampant in the United States. Police brutality is one … number of such instances and are also stopped and arrested more often than their white counterparts, shows that racial bias is endemic in american society.
This sample essay provides an example of how to write about racial equality and justice in America. Several topics will be discussed … in America require a total overhaul of institutions like law enforcement.
Racism in the Age of Covid
2020 brought about massive changes in american and global societies due to the covid-19 pandemic. Along the surreal backdrop of the pandemic, with social distancing and lockdowns impacting everyday life, … been charged with a crime,” as is typical of cases like these in which the victim was a low status individual like……
References
References
Black Lives Matter (2020). Retrieved from: https://blacklivesmatter.com/about/
Cole, B. (2020). Minnesota asks Trump to declare ‘major disaster’ over riots damage. Newsweek. 3 July, 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.newsweek.com/minnesota-riots-tim-walz-clean-george-floyd-1515335
Glover, S., Richards, C., Devine, C., et al. (2020). A key miscalculation by officers contributed to the tragic death of Breonna Taylor. CNN. 23 July, 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/23/us/breonna-taylor-police-shooting-invs/index.html
“History of Juneteenth,” (2020). juneteenth.com. Retrieved from: https://www.juneteenth.com/history.htm
Ray, R. (2020). What does ‘defund the police’ mean and does it have merit? Brookings. Retrieved from: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2020/06/19/what-does-defund-the-police-mean-and-does-it-have-merit/
“Seven Things You Need to Know About Antifa,” (2020). BBC. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/X56rQkDgd0qqB7R68t6t7C/seven-things-you-need-to-know-about-antifa
“Who Are Antifa?” (2020). ADL. Retrieved from : https://www.adl.org/resources/backgrounders/who-are-antifa
Study Document
Adolescent Psychosocial Assessment
Adolescent Psychosocial Assessment
SECTION I – SOCIAL HISTORY
Personal
In list format, cover the following:
1. Name: John Mathew
2. Age: 18
3. Sex: Male
4. Race/Ethnic: Black, african-american
5. Education/Occupation: Student
6. Health: Okay
Social
John's family lives in an apartment situated in the middle of a range of complexes. The … wide range of services, including tutoring after school. The role of religion and spirituality is critical in the life and lifecycle of the african american youth and adults alike. It is the survival mechanism that sustains the resilience of this minority group.
Interview questions
1. How are you?
……
References
References
Alexander Jr, R. (2010). The Impact of Poverty on African American Children in the Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice Systems. In Forum on Public Policy Online (Vol. 2010, No. 4). Oxford Round Table. 406 West Florida Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801.
Belgrave, F. Z., & Allison, K. W. (2009). African American psychology: From Africa to America. Los Angeles: Sage.
Brittian A. S. (2012). Understanding African American Adolescents\\\\\\' Identity Development: A Relational Developmental Systems Perspective. The Journal of black psychology, 38(2), 172–200. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798411414570
Chávez, R. (2016). Psychosocial development factors associated with occupational and vocational identity between infancy and adolescence. Adolescent Research Review, 1(4), 307-327.
Crain, W. C. (2014). Theories of development: Concepts and applications. Harlow, Essex: Pearson.
Fernandes-Alcantara, A. L. (2018). Vulnerable Youth: Background and policies.Congressional Research Service
Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2015). Theories of human development. Psychology Press.
Reubins, B. M., &Reubins, M. S. (2014). Pioneers of child psychoanalysis: Influential theories and practices in healthy child development. London: Karnac.
Study Document
The US Sentencing System Disparities And Discrimination
… representation, and more likely to get maximum sentences than the rich. The paper’s goal is to investigate sentencing discrimination and disparities in the american criminal justice system (Spohn, 2008).
Sentencing Disparities and Discrimination
Despite the increased focus on discrimination and leadership changes at the federal justice department, …
Despite the increased focus on discrimination and leadership changes at the federal justice department, disparities and discrimination persist at different levels of the american criminal justice system. This, in no way, means that the american criminal justice system is set up to discriminate against certain populations in the United States intentionally. What it means is that certain populations … populations are more likely to face discrimination at the different levels of the criminal justice system. For example, it has been found that african american are more likely to be subjected to traffic stops than Caucasians. They are three times more prone……
References
References
Daly, K., & Tonry, M. (1997). Gender, Race, and Sentencing. Crime and Justice, 22, 201-252. Retrieved May 26, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/1147574
Farrell, A., Ward, G., & Rousseau, D. (2010). Intersections of gender and race in federal sentencing: examining court contexts and the effects of representative court authorities. Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice, 1, 85.
Hessick, C. B. (2010). Race and gender as explicit sentencing factors. Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice, 1, 127.
Mauer, M. (2010). Justice for all challenging racial disparities in the criminal justice system. Hum. Rts., 37, 14.
Smith, D. (2006). Narrowing Racial Disparities in Sentencing through a System of Mandatory Downward Departures. The Modern American, Summer 2006, 32–37.
Spohn, C. (2008). How do judges decide?: the search for fairness and justice in punishment. Sage Publications.
Yang, C. S. (2015). Free at last? Judicial discretion and racial disparities in federal sentencing. The Journal of Legal Studies, 44(1), 75-111.
Study Document
Blinded By Sight Seeing Race Through The Eyes Of The Blind
… constructions (Obasogie 176).
One example of both the pervasiveness and the ridiculousness of racism cited by Obasogie is that which was fostered against Japanese-american during World War II. Before the attacks on Pearl Harbor, prejudice against Asian american was common. However, the war crystalized specifically anti-Japanese sentiments and created a constellation of prejudices specifically inflicted against Japanese american. “This singular act radically deepened american’ pejorative sentiments toward Japanese people, leading to them being perceived as a distinct group with intrinsic tendencies toward treachery and duplicity” (Obasogie 12). … root, they are very difficult to eradicate, and these prejudices still linger to this very day. During World War II, prejudice against Japanese american resulted in individuals of Japanese ancestry, including children, being detained in internment camps, one of the darkest chapters of recent american history.
According to anthropologists, the physical differences between races are actually quite minimal. There is just……
References
Works Cited
Obasogie, Osagie. Blinded by Sight: Seeing Race Through the Eyes of the Blind. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2014.
Study Document
Race And Incarceration Rates
… factor in today’s criminal justice system. James (2018:30) has shown that current “research on police officers has found that they tend to associate african american with threat” (30). A significantly higher percentage of the african american population is incarcerated than any other population in the U.S. And, worse, as Lopez (2018) points out, “Black people accounted for 31 percent … percent of police killing victims in 2012, even though they made up just 13 percent of the US population.” The evidence indicates that african american receive a disproportionate amount of attention from police and are disproportionately punished and incarcerated because of institutionalized racism within the american ruling class. This racist worldview was evident from the early days of the nation, when the concept of Manifest Destiny was put forward … a right—i.e., it was their manifest destiny—to rule others, take their land, and lord it over them. This worldview……
References
References
Aguirre, A., & Baker, D. V. (Eds.). 2008. Structured inequality in the United States: Critical discussions on the continuing significance of race, ethnicity, and gender. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Alexander, Michelle. 2012. The New Jim Crow. New York: New Press.
Davis, Angela. 2012. The Meaning of Freedom. San Francisco: City Light Books.
James, Lois. 2018. The stability of implicit racial bias in police officers. Police Quarterly 21(1):0-52.
Lopez, German. 2018. There are huge racial disparities in how US police use force. Retrieved July 30, 2019 ( https://www.vox.com/identities/2016/8/13/17938186/police-shootings-killings-racism-racial-disparities ).
O’Sullivan, John. 1845. Annexation. United States Magazine and Democratic Review 17(1):5-10.
Pettit, Becky, and Bruce Western. 2004. Mass imprisonment and the life course: Race and class inequality in US incarceration." American sociological review 69(2):151-169.
Plessy v. Ferguson. 1896. Retrieved July 30, 2019 ( https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/163us537 ).
Study Document
Joe R Feagins White Racial Frame
… discriminative in everyday life (Picca et al 2).
The existence of the white racial frame has made it part and parcel of the american experience in both american institutions and minds. The wide perspective it encompasses has made it one of the tenets of the legitimization and maintenance of racism in … of the legitimization and maintenance of racism in the country. For many years, extreme racist practices such as slavery were part of the american experience (Picca et al 3).
Enslavement practices began officially in 1607 on the founding of the first English colony at Jamestown. The English … officially in 1607 on the founding of the first English colony at Jamestown. The English would go on to make their first purchase african slaves in 1619 from a Dutch ship. Extreme racism against people of african descent would run for 350 years between 1619 and 1969 when segregation……
References
Works cited
Feagin, Joe R. The white racial frame: Centuries of racial framing and counter-framing. Routledge, 2010.
Picca, Leslie H., and Joe R. Feagin. \\"Two-faced racism: Whites in the backstage and frontstage.\\" (2007).
Study Document
Violent Crime Control And Law Enforcement Act Of 1994
… the desired impact of the aforementioned crime bill, as well as court interpretation of the act through examining different aspects of the bill.
History of crime bill
The 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act or bill was formulated by presidential candidate for the 2020 elections, … in a significant growth in inmate population and a lowering of crime rates in the nation (Shannon, 2019).
Prior to the year 1994, american crime rates grew steadily and sharply right from the ‘60s to the middle of ’70s decade; this corresponds with the growth in utilization of … rate peaked, in the year 1980, and reached 10.2 for every…[break]…rate. Figures reveal that a dramatic growth in imprisonment rates, particularly imprisonment of african-american men, began during the 70s; the federal drug war and related laws were enacted in the next decade, with the punishment for usage and … left prison world-weary, cynical, and……
References
References
Raymond Derrial Madden, Petitioner-appellant, v. United States of America, Respondent-appellee, 64 F.3d 669 (10th Cir. 1995)
Sepulveda v. United States, 69 F. Supp. 2d 633 (D.N.J. 1999)
United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Joanne Kwi Ye Estes, Defendant-appellant, 166 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 1998)
United States v. Madden, No. 92-6206 (10th Cir. Apr. 20, 1993), WL 332262 Books and article
Moore, R. (2017). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. Macat Library.
United States Congress. (1994). Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Public law, (103-322).
Websites
The Establishment. (2016, April 12). About That Controversial 1994 Crime Bill. A Medium Corporation. Retrieved from https://medium.com/the-establishment/about-that-controversial-1994-crime-bill-c17ccfcc25fa
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