Study Document
Should Reparations be Paid to native american and African american?
Today, there are approximately 3.4 million native american and 40 million African american in the United States (U.S. people, 2019), and virtually all of these individuals have ancestors that unfairly suffered at the hands of the … governments at some point in the nation’s history. The research topic of interest to this paper concerns the issue of reparations for certain american minority groups that have suffered hundreds of years of injustice at the hands of the U.S. government. In this regard, the research question … years of injustice at the hands of the U.S. government. In this regard, the research question that will guide this analysis is, “Should native american and African american be paid reparations?” The overarching thesis that shaped the answer to this guiding research question as was follows: Historical injustices including genocide, oppression, … of millions of……
References
Bradford, W. (2004). Beyond reparations: An American Indian theory of justice. Ohio State Law Journal.
Flavin, F. E. (2002, Winter). A pox on Amherst: Smallpox, Sir Jeffery, and a town named Amherst. Historical Journal of Massachusetts, 30(1), 1-5.
Forrester, K. (2019). Reparations, history and the origins of global justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Gilmore, B. & Adams, H. (2019). The case for a reparations clinic. Michigan State Law Review.
Howard-Hassmann, R. E. (2004). Reparations to Africa and the group of eminent persons. Cahiers d’étudesafricaines.
Lenzerini, F. (2007). Reparations for indigenous peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lockhart, P. (2019, June 19). The 2020 Democratic primary debate over reparations, explained. Vox. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/3/11/18246741/ reparations-democrats-2020-inequality-warren-harris-castro.
Loewen, J. W. (1995). Lies my teacher told me. New York: The New Press.
Study Document
Why american Democracy Has Failed and Why the Anti Federalists were Right
Introduction
The Declaration of Independence, written in 1776, asserted that “all men are … and questionable reversals of principle, human rights were gradually protected by the US Constitution. What this shows, however, is that the ideal of american Democracy was not always in alignment with the reality of democracy in America. [2: Declaration of Independence. (1776). Retrieved from https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript] [3: Rousseau, … same idea. The ideal of equality, of equal rights among all people, and of collective bargaining still exists in America. The ideals of american Democracy are always being pursued in some form or another. It is the reality of governance that tends to present the problems and … type of government that the Anti-Federalists envisioned for themselves.
Yet, equal respect in the context of public decisions is nonetheless a hallmark of american Democracy as far as……
References
Declaration of Independence. (1776). Retrieved from https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript
Rousseau, J. (2018). Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rousseau/
Van Voris, J. (1996). Carrie Chapman Catt: A Public Life. New York City: Feminist Press at CUNY.
Hunt, L. (2016). "Introduction: The Revolutionary Origins of Human Rights." In The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief History with Documents, 2nd Edition, edited by Lynn Hunt, 1-31 (Boston: Bedford), 1.
Hunt, L. (2016). "Introduction: The Revolutionary Origins of Human Rights." In The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief History with Documents, 2nd Edition, edited by Lynn Hunt, 1-31 (Boston: Bedford), 5.
National Assembly. “Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, 26 August 1789.” Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite. http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/exhibits/show/liberty--equality--fraternity/item/3216
Foote, S. (1958). The Civil War: Ft. Sumter to Perryville. NY: Random House.
Brutus No. 1. (1787). http://www.constitution.org/afp/brutus01.htm
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…
Introduction
The Indian Removal Act signed by Andrew Jackson in 1830 was meant to establish peace in the nation and to give the native american their own territory where they could practice their own activities, traditions and culture without interference from the american government. However, the Act resulted in the forced migration of thousands of native american from their traditional homelands to a region of the U.S. that did not suit their lifestyle or their culture. Many suffered and died … the Southern states to Oregon. Though Jackson may have had good intentions at the time, the removal can now be viewed as an american tragedy that might have been prevented. In fact, it was just one example of an exercise in human rights abuses in a long … it was just one example of an exercise in human rights abuses in a long history of human rights abuses……
Works Cited
Primary Sources
Crockett, Davy, “On the removal of the Cherokees, 1834,” Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-now/spotlight-primary-source/davy-crockett-removal-cherokees-1834
“The Magnetic Telegraph.” Ladies’ Repository 10(1850): 61-62. O’Sullivan, John. “Annexation.” United States Magazine and Democratic Review, vol.17, no. 1 (July-August 1845): 5-10.
Sevier, John. Letter to the Cherokee. DPLA. https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/cherokee-removal-and-the-trail-of-tears/sources/1500
Secondary Sources
Brown-Rice, Kathleen. "Examining the Theory of Historical Trauma Among Native Americans." Professional Counselor 3, no. 3 (2013).
Cave, Alfred A. "Abuse of power: Andrew Jackson and the Indian removal act of 1830." The Historian 65, no. 6 (2003): 1330-1353.
Cherokee Preservation Foundation. “About the Eastern Band.” Cherokee Preservation, 2010. http://cherokeepreservation.org/who-we-are/about-the-ebci/
Study Document
Book Analysis
African-american: SUMMER SUN RISIN'
W. Nikola-Lisa, Author, Don Tate, Illustrator, illus. By Don Tate. 2002.
An Afro-american lad helps his parents to work on their farm, rather leisurely as they enjoy the gradual movement of the sun to dusk. The … roosting birds, cows lined up, cracking of the door by Pa, and more.
The book focuses on several themes, including biodiversity, poetry, Africa, Afro-american interests, enthusiasm, pride, real fiction, being responsible, seasons, family, food, farming activity, experiences in childhood, the environment, and careers. The infused rhythmic verses … group. There is a lively preamble to life on the farm and easy poetry, which ushers the reader to the inner core of Afro-american culture. It should be quickly noted that the latter is not a theme in the literary piece.
Asian-american: Dim Sum for Everyone!
By GRACE LIN Illustrated by GRACE LIN, 2003
While in English, the expression……
Works cited
Aziz-Raina, Seemi. \\\\\\\\\\\\"We are Grateful: Otsaliheliga.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Language Arts 97.2 (2019): 116-121.
Greene, Catherine. \\\\\\\\\\\\"My Papi Has a Motorcycle.\\\\\\\\\\\\" The Catholic Library World 90.2 (2019): 151-151.
Nikola-Lisa, W., and Don Tate. Summer sun risin\\\\\\\\\\\\'. Lee & Low Books, 2002.
Park, Linda Sue. Bee-bim bop!. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2008.
Schiffer, Miriam B. Stella brings the family. Chronicle Books, 2015.
Seeger, Pete, and Paul DuBois Jacobs. The deaf musicians. GP Putnam\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Sons Books for Young Readers, 2006.
Soetoro-Ng, Maya. Ladder to the Moon. Candlewick Press, 2017.
Study Document
… and the duties expected of them as Quakers and pacifists. For example, the Quakers initially wanted to respect the human rights of the native american, but as the american colonies were not united in this view. The Virginia House of Burgesses, dominated by Anglicans, wanted to abjure the treaty between the Crown … not united in this view. The Virginia House of Burgesses, dominated by Anglicans, wanted to abjure the treaty between the Crown and the native american: Virginia land owners wanted to push further West and expand their territory (Holton). Thus, there was a clear distinction between what the Anglican … other religions in Pennsylvania. Catholics for the most part were the only religious community not tolerated by the Protestant communities in the early american colonies. Maryland was founded as a refuge for Catholics, but the Catholic community was always still rather small in the colony as the……
Works Cited
Fantel, Hans. William Penn: Apostle of Dissent. NY: William Morrow & Co., 1974.
Graham, Michael. "Posish Plots: Protestant Fears in Early Colonial Maryland, 1676-1689." The Catholic historical review 79.2 (1993): 197-216.
Holton, W. Forced Founders: Indians, Debtors, Slaves, and the Making of the American Revolution in Virginia. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
Laux, John. Church History. New York: Benziger Brothers, 1933.
Melville, Herman. Clarel. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015005201424&view=1up&seq=9
Milder, R. Herman Melville. New York: Columbia University Press,1988.
Pyle, Ralph E., and James D. Davidson. "The origins of religious stratification in colonial America." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 42.1 (2003): 57-75.
Study Document
… with differences in approaches and choices of language being taught. A part of US schooling history is its rich history and practice of native language teaching and bilingual education. Ovando (2003), in his study, found that it was about two hundred years ago that american communities first started assembling large numbers of young children to educate them. Instruction typically took place in languages besides English, and in two … had different demographics, came from different backgrounds and spoke different languages. This unique philosophy was manifested through public policy that facilitated teaching in native languages and bilingual education, multilingual theatrical productions, and newspaper printing and circulation in several languages. But, Ovando (2003) found that the aforementioned linguistic … in several languages. But, Ovando (2003) found that the aforementioned linguistic pluralism didn't imply equal acceptance of every language. Several Mexican, Asian, and native american languages underwent systemic segregation and devaluation in……
References
Banks, J. A. (1995). Multicultural Education: Its Effects on Students\\\\\\\\\\\\' Racial and Gender Role Attitudes. Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education (pp. 617-627). New York: Macmillan.
Gándara, P., & Escamilla, K. (2017). Bilingual education in the United States. Bilingual and multilingual education, 1-14.
Ovando, C. J. (2003). Bilingual education in the United States: Historical development and current issues. Bilingual research journal, 27(1), 1-24.
Saravia-Shore, M., & Arvizu, S. F. (2017). Cross-cultural literacy: An anthropological approach to dealing with diversity. In Cross-cultural Literacy (pp. xv-xxxviii). Routledge.
Wei, L. (2013). Integration of Multicultural Education into English Teaching and Learning: A Case Study in Liaoning Police Academy. Theory & Practice in Language Studies, 3(4).
Study Document
… nature, it would be prudent to first supply a concise definition of the terms mother tongue. In basic terms, mother tongue is ones native language or first language. It should, however, be noted that mother tongue as a term is not only limited to its linguistic aspects. ……
References
Awopetu, A.V. (2016). Impact of Mother Tongue on Children’s Learning Abilities in Early Childhood Classroom. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 23, 58-63.
Busse, V., Cenoz, J., Dalmann, N. & Rogge, F. (2019). Addressing Linguistic Diversity in the Language Classroom in a Resource?Oriented Way: An Intervention Study with Primary School Children. Language Learning.
Bingol, A.S. (2012). Mother tongue instruction policies towards Turkish migrant children in Europe. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 1016-1023.
Mcmahon, T., Griese, E.R. & Kenyon, D.B. (2019). Cultivating Native American scientists: An application of an Indigenous model to an undergraduate research experience. Cultural Studies of Science Education, 14, 77-110.
Ozfidan, B. (2017). Right of Knowing and Using Mother Tongue: A Mixed Method Study. English Language Teaching; 10(12), 15-23.
Peyton, J.K. (2015). Language of Instruction: Research Findings and Program and Instructional Implications. Reconsidering Development, 4(1), 71-79.
Philips, J.S. (2015). The rights of indigenous peoples under international law. Global Bioethics, 26(2), 75-82.
Sahin, I. (2018). A look at mother tongue education in the context of the right to education. Educational Research and Reviews, 13(9), 343-353.
Study Document
… familiar gesture in western culture to indicate OK with the thumb and the index finger joined to form a circle, in some Latin american countries, it's considered to be an insulting and obscene connotation (Renteln, 2004, 12). For the average westerner, this gesture is an indication of ……
References
Renteln, A. D. (2004). The cultural defense. Oxford University Press.
Study Document
...Native american Alternate Titles:
Rise of the Oligarchs in Russia and Ukraine
How Boris Berezovsky Fled Russia and Supported a Coup in Ukraine
Introduction
The “expulsion” of Boris Berezovsky from Russia under the Putin Regime sparked a chain of events that led to Ukraine’s upheaval. Though considered an “expulsion” by the Russian billionaire, Berezovsky was actually summoned to appear for questioning by the Prosecutor General but chose to remain in exile in UK and obtain political asylum there (BBC, 2012). The story is worth telling because what followed in the geopolitical spat between Berezovsky and Putin impacted Ukraine and millions of lives there, and the telling reveals the fragile nature of the democracies of Eastern Europe in general in the post-Soviet era. For it was Berezovsky who vowed revenge against Putin and immediately began meddling in Ukraine politics as a way of getting back at the new head of Russia—with the help……
References
Alexievich, S. (2007). Secondhand Time: The Last of the Soviets. NY: Random House.
Alexievich, S. (2017). The Unwomanly Face of War: An Oral History of Women in World War II. NY: Random House.
BBC. (2012). Russian godfathers. Retrieved from https://www.documentary24.com/russian-godfathers-putin-and-the-oligarchs--848/
Forbes. (2020). Ihor Kolomoyskyy. Retrieved from https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/how-russian-oligarchs-changed-country%E2%80%94and-not-better-97472
Klebnikov, P. (2000). Godfather of the Kremlin. New York, NY: Harcourt.
IMF. (2007). Report for Ukraine. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2007/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=1992&ey=2008&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=926&s=PPPGDP&grp=0&a=&pr1.x=41&pr1.y=2
Mezrich, B. (2015). Once upon a time in Russia. New York, NY: Atria.
Risen, J. (2019). I Wrote About the Bidens and Ukraine Years Ago. Retrieved from https://theintercept.com/2019/09/25/i-wrote-about-the-bidens-and-ukraine-years-ago-then-the-right-wing-spin-machine-turned-the-story-upside-down/
Study Document
… and becoming one of the key leaders and advocates for the abolition of Slavery in the United States. He revered by the African american community and american in general for his fight against slavery. Long after his death, U.S. Civil Rights Movement leaders referred to him in their speeches and … against slavery. Long after his death, U.S. Civil Rights Movement leaders referred to him in their speeches and used his fight to inspire american to fight for the rights of African american. This paper looks at the life of Fredrick Douglass and his massive contributions to the abolitionist movement and women's suffrage in the U.S. … show that slavery is unjust, immoral, ungodly, unnatural, and cruel. He made his arguments very in his speeches as a member of the american Anti-Slavery Society that was led by Garrison. He also made them clear in his autobiography, which he called……
Works cited
Douglass, Frederick. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The Civil Rights Case.\\\\\\\\\\\\" speech at Lincoln Hall, Washington, DC 22 (1883): 1950-75.
Douglass, Frederick. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The meaning of July Fourth for the Negro.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Frederick Douglass: Selected speeches and writings (1852): 188-206.
DuBois, Ellen Carol. Feminism and suffrage: The emergence of an independent women\\\\\\\\\\\\'s movement in America, 1848-1869. Cornell University Press, 1978.
Fredrickson, George M. Racism: A short history. Princeton University Press, 2002.
Gooding-Williams, Robert. In the shadow of Du Bois: Afro-modern political thought in America. Harvard University Press, 2009.
Jefferson, Thomas. Notes on the State of Virginia. Penguin, 1999.
Lee, Maurice S., ed. The Cambridge Companion to Frederick Douglass. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
McCarthy, Thomas. Race, empire, and the idea of human development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
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