Study Document
Background
The client in the present scenario is an 8-year-old African American male who presents with signs of depression. Some of the reported symptoms include; feeling of sadness, occasional irritation, and decreased appetite. The score obtained upon the administration of the Children’s … Some of the reported symptoms include; feeling of sadness, occasional irritation, and decreased appetite. The score obtained upon the administration of the Children’s depression Rating Scale indicates significant depression. This text concerns itself with three decisions relating to the medications prescribed for the 8-year-old.
Discussion
I. Zoloft
Decision Point 1: Begin Zoloft …
Discussion
I. Zoloft
Decision Point 1: Begin Zoloft 25 mg orally daily
Studies conducted in the past have indicated that for children and adolescent suffering from depression, Zoloft (Sertraline) happens to be largely effective. According to Hritzak and Culhane (2004), “Sertraline (Zoloft) is effective and generally well tolerated for the … and Culhane (2004),……
References
American Academy of Pediatrics (2020). Sertraline - Zoloft (Oral Solution). Retrieved from https://www.aap.org/en-us/professional-resources/Psychopharmacology/Pages/Sertraline-Zoloft-Oral-Solution.aspx
Fainzang, S. (2011). Discourse on safe drug use: symbolic logics and ethical aspects. Drug Saf., 33(8), 623-629.
Hritzak, K. & Culhane, N.S. (2004). Sertraline effective for children and adolescents with major depression. J Fam Pract., 53(1), 8-14.
Milev, D.R. (2015). Does Sleep Quality Change after Switch from Wellbutrin SR to Wellbutrin XL in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder? Retrieved from https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00616915
Mullen, S. (2018). Major depressive disorder in children and adolescents. Ment Health Clin., 8(6), 275-283.
Navels, R.M., Gentkovsky, S.T. & Williams, B.E. (2016). Paroxetine—The Antidepressant from Hell? Probably Not, But Caution Required. Psychopharmacol Bull., 46(1), 77-104.
Patel, K., Allen, S., Haque, M.N., Angelescu, L., Baumeister, D. & Tracy, D.K. (2016). Bupropion: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness as an antidepressant. The Adv Psychopharmacol., 6(2), 99-144.
Study Document
… on. It can also be applied as an outcome measure during the post-treatment period.
(a) Population: Who does the instrument target?
Adults and adolescent- to measure their anxiety levels
(b) How is the instrument used and scored?
The instrument can be used verbally by a trained expert … State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) form Y. It reads 54 for the seven days mean anxiety rating of the weekly record of anxiety and depression (Beck et al., 1988; Beck & Steer, 1993). Thus, yes, the scale provides sufficient validity to inform a decision to use it.
Describe … Also, there should research effort directed at investigating the common the negative affectivity common factor portrayed in the BAI when distinguishing anxiety from depression in tracing outcomes of treatment (Piotrowski, 2018).
The creation and development of a self-report inventory of 21 items for gauging anxiety severity in … Furthermore, the BAI underwent correlation,……
References
Arnold, L. M., Clauw, D., Wang, F., Ahl, J., Gaynor, P. J., &Wohlreich, M. M. (2010). Flexible dosed duloxetine in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Journal of rheumatology, 37(12), 2578-2586.
Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1993). Beck Anxiety Inventory manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G. & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.
Biggs, Q. M. (2008). Transportation trauma and psychological morbidity: Anxiety, depression, PTSD, and perceived control in a hospitalized sample. (Doctoral dissertation, University of North Texas).
DeFeo, J. (2005). Beck Anxiety Inventory. NCTSN Measure Review Database. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.506.4912&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Gillis, M. M., Haaga, D. A., & Ford, G. T. (1995). Normative values for the beck anxiety inventory, fear questionnaire, Penn state worry questionnaire, and social phobia and anxiety inventory. Psychological Assessment, 7(4), 450.
Halfaker, D. A., Akeson, S. T., Hathcock, D. R., Mattson, C., &Wunderlich, T. L. (2011). Psychological aspects of pain. Pain procedures in clinical practice (pp. 13-22). Hanley &Belfus.
Julian, L. J. (2011). Measures of anxiety: state?trait anxiety inventory (STAI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale?anxiety (HADS?A). Arthritis care & research, 63(S11), S467-S472.
Study Document
… female that has not yet reached the age of majority in the jurisdictions in which they reside.
Relevant keywords for this study included “adolescent,” “girls,” “social media,” “Facebook,” “Twitter” and “YouTube.” In addition, serendipitously identified research materials that were relevant to the above-stated research questions were also ……
Works Cited
Ali, S. (2018). “Social Media Usage among Teenage Girls in Rawalpindi and Islamabad.” Global Media Journal, vol. 16, p. 31.
Chukwuere, Joshua Ebere and Chukwuere, Precious. (2017, December). Cyberbullying of female students: An exploration of literature study. Gender & Behaviour, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 9983-9991.
Goodwin, Robin, Palgi,Yuval, Osnat, Lavenda, Yaira, Hamama-Raz and Ben-Ezra, Menachem. (2015), “Association between Media Use, Acute Stress Disorder and Psychological Distress.” Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 253-254
Granello, Paul F. and Zyromski, Brett. (2018, September-August). “Developing a Comprehensive School Suicide Prevention Program.” Professional School Counseling, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 37-42.
Hutchinson, Tracy S. (2020, April 19). Ten things mentally strong people do during a pandemic. Psychology Today. [online] available: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-pulse-mental-health/202004/10-things-mentally-strong-people-do-during-pandemic.
Kemp. Simon. (2020, January). “Digital 2020.” We Are Social. [online] available: https://wearesocial.com/blog/2020/01/digital-2020-3-8-billion-people-use-social-media.
Redden, Crystal V. (2018, December). “The Media\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Influence on Female Relational Aggression and Its Implications for Schools.” Canadian Journal of Education, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 374-381.
Reinberg, Steven. (2019, August 14). “Here\\\\\\\\\\\\'s How Too Much Social Media Can Harm Girls.” WebMD. [online] available: https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/news/20190814/ heres-how-too-much-social-media-can-harm-girls#1.
Study Document
… population, that is LGBTC and homeless youth, and its direct connection to social work practice is because it encounters emotional suffering and anguish, depression, seclusion, internalized homophobia or transphobia, violence and victimization, substance abuse, depression, suicide, pregnancy, conflict with the family, poor performances in the school setting and also sexually transmitted diseases (Morrow, 2004).
Identify, Discuss, compare and ……
References
Bilodeau, B. L., & Renn, K. A. (2005). Analysis of LGBT identity development models and implications for practice. New directions for student services, 2005(111), 25-39.
Cray, A., Miller, K., & Durso, L. E. (2013). Seeking shelter: The experiences and unmet needs of LGBT homeless youth. Washington, DC: Center for American Progress.
Cunningham, M., Pergamit, M., Astone, N., & Luna, J. (2014). Homeless LGBTQ youth. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
Dank, M., Yahner, J., Madden, K., Bañuelos, I., Yu, L., Ritchie, A., ... & Conner, B. (2015). Surviving the Streets of New York: Experiences of LGBTQ Youth, YMSM and YWSW Engaged in Survival Sex. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
D'augelli, A. R. (2006). Developmental and contextual factors and mental health among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths. American Psychological Association.
Durso, L. E., & Gates, G. J. (2012). Serving our youth: Findings from a national survey of services providers working with lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless. Los Angeles: The Williams Institute with True Colors and the Palatte Fund.
Foss, S. (2017). A Guide to Social Work Advocacy for Transgender Adolescents and Young Adults. Texas State University.
Higa, D., Hoppe, M. J., Lindhorst, T., Mincer, S., Beadnell, B., Morrison, D. M., ... & Mountz, S. (2014). Negative and positive factors associated with the well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth. Youth & Society, 46(5), 663-687.
Study Document
… in the etiology of offending (Warner & Fowler, 2003). The experiences of strain tend to generate negative emotions like frustration, anger, despair, and depression (Cullen et al., 2008). In turn, these negative emotions will create pressure in the individual for corrective action with delinquency and crime is … model of childhood abuse and crime relationship. Cullen et al. (2008) believes that bullying is one of the strains that a child or adolescent can undergo that would result in them developing criminal behavior as a way of coping with the strain. Victimization has the potential to ……
References
Agnew, R. (2002). Experienced, vicarious, and anticipated strain: An exploratory study on physical victimization and delinquency. Justice Quarterly, 19(4), 603-632.
Agnew, R. (2007). Pressured into crime: An overview of general strain theory. Los Angeles,CA: Roxbury.
Cullen, F. T., Unnever, J. D., Hartman, J. L., Turner, M. G., & Agnew, R. (2008). Gender, bullying victimization, and juvenile delinquency: A test of general strain theory. Victims and Offenders, 3(4), 346-364.
Warner, B. D., & Fowler, S. K. (2003). Strain and violence: Testing a general strain theory model of community violence. Journal of Criminal Justice, 31(6), 511-521.
Watts, S. J., & McNulty, T. L. (2013). Childhood abuse and criminal behavior: Testing a general strain theory model. Journal of interpersonal violence, 28(15), 3023-3040.
Study Document
… Initiative vs. Guilt for children from 3-5. Fourth is Industry vs. Inferiority for children 5-12 and fifth is Identity vs. Role Confusion for adolescent from 12-18. Sixth is Intimacy vs. Isolation for adults from ages 18-40. Seventh is Generativity vs. Stagnation for ages 40-65. The eighth and … on older people. For example, one of the major challenges that older adults face in terms of mental health is the problem of depression (Landeiro, Barrows, Musson, Gray & Leal, 2017). Yet, if younger people would stop trying to label older people, they could actually help them ……
References
Albom, M. (2019). Jabs at Joe Biden mask our growing ageism issue. Retrieved from https://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/sns-201909161301--tms--tuemitchctntm-a20190916-20190916-story.html
David, K. E. (2018). The Poster Child of the “Second” Cultural Revolution: Huang Shuai and Shifts in Age Consciousness, 1973–1979. Modern China, 44(5), 497-524.
Heggeness, M. L., Carter-Johnson, F., Schaffer, W. T., & Rockey, S. J. (2016). Policy implications of aging in the NIH-funded workforce. Cell Stem Cell, 19(1), 15-18.
Landeiro, F., Barrows, P., Musson, E. N., Gray, A. M., & Leal, J. (2017). Reducing social isolation and loneliness in older people: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open, 7(5), e013778.
Lassila, S. (2019). Managing Risks of an Aging Workforce. Construction Executive, 2020. Retrieved from https://constructionexec.com/article/managing-risks-of-an-aging-workforce
Liu, S. J., Lin, C. J., Chen, Y. M., & Huang, X. Y. (2007). The effects of reminiscence group therapy on self-esteem, depression, loneliness and life satisfaction of elderly people living alone. Mid-Taiwan Journal of Medicine, 12(3), 133-142.
Lumen. (2019). Theoretical perspectives on deviance. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/sociology/chapter/theoretical-perspectives-on-deviance/
McLeod, S. (2018). Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development. Retrieved from https://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html
Study Document
Prescription for Health
Social support is a major factor in terms of a social variable that influences health. People who suffer from depression are often isolated and alone and do not have a support network to give them confidence or to make them feel like they … over. And as Feenstra (2013) points out, rumination occurs when people focus too much on negativity or stressful events. It can lead to depression and anxiety.
Genuine social supports are needed for people to grow and develop a healthy psychology. This means having genuine friends that they … Review, 50(4), 370.
Woods, H. C., & Scott, H. (2016). # Sleepyteens: Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low self-esteem. Journal of adolescence, 51, 41-49.…
References
Feenstra, J. (2013). Social psychology. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.
Woods, H. C., & Scott, H. (2016). # Sleepyteens: Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low self-esteem. Journal of adolescence, 51, 41-49.
Study Document
… wellbeing. For instance, a number of studies have already shown that there is a direct relationship between frequent use of social media and depression and low mood (Berry et al., 559). This work is an investigation of the possible negative effects of frequent social media use. It …
A recent publication by Thomas Goldhar on the web revealed that the frequent use of social media results in decreased social skills, narcissism, depression, anxiety, envy, and loneliness. For young people who have been raised in the age of the Internet, the effect of frequent social media … post information about their hardships. The assumption that others are doing better is often one of the leading causes of low mood or depression among social media users.
Approximately 60 percent of social media users recently reported in a survey that their self-esteem was negatively affected by … that frequent use of social……
Works cited
Berry, Natalie, et al. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Social media and its relationship with mood, self?esteem and paranoia in psychosis.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 138.6 (2018): 558-570.
Conick, Hal. Marketing\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Ethical Line Between Social Media Habit and Addiction. American Marketing Association, 2017.
Do?an, U?ur. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Effects of social network use on happiness, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction of high school students: Case of facebook and twitter.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Egitim ve Bilim 41.183 (2016), 217-231.
Goldhar, Thomas. The Negative Impacts that Social Media Have On Our Self-Esteem. Medium.com, 2018. Web.
Hu, Elise. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Facebook makes us sadder and less satisfied, study finds.\\\\\\\\\\\\" In Isaac Gillman Online lives, offline consequences: Professionalism, information ethics and professional students. Interface on the Internet 9.1 (2009) 484-485.
Konnikova, Maria. “How Facebook Makes Us Unhappy.” Annals of technology. The New Yorker, 2013. Web.
Kross, Ethan, et al. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Facebook use predicts declines in subjective well-being in young adults.\\\\\\\\\\\\" PloS one 8.8 (2013): e69841.
Orben, Amy, Tobias Dienlin, and Andrew K. Przybylski. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Social media’s enduring effect on adolescent life satisfaction.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116.21 (2019): 10226-10228.
Study Document
… she attempted to cope with the assault and the trauma it caused her. In attempting to cope on her own, however, Suzy encountered depression, a loss of self-esteem and self-confidence; she developed a problem with substance abuse as well as with anxiety. She has stated that she … address them in a positive manner that will prevent her from turning to the abuse of substances or falling into a pit of depression or a trap of anxiety. Suzy should also work on building out her support network by opening up to friends at church and ……
References
Billette, V., Guay, S., & Marchand, A. (2008). Posttraumatic stress disorder and social support in female victims of sexual assault: The impact of spousal involvement on the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy. Behavior modification, 32(6), 876-896.
Elliott, D. E., Bjelajac, P., Fallot, R. D., Markoff, L. S., & Reed, B. G. (2005). Trauma?informed or trauma?denied: principles and implementation of trauma?informed services for women. Journal of community psychology, 33(4), 461-477.
Ward, C. (1988). The psychological impact of sexual assault: case studies of adolescent victims. Singapore medical journal, 29(6), 619-623.
Study Document
...Adolescent depression Development of Self-Esteem
As self-aware and self-reflective beings, numerous individuals instinctively identify the significance of self-esteem. Self-esteem is, therefore, more of perception instead of a reality. It alludes to an individual’s belief regarding whether one is whether appealing or competent, and it does not necessarily mean anything regarding whether the individual is appealing and competent. Conventionally, the majority of people consider self-esteem to be significant. It is hard, in not intolerable, for people to continue being unconcerned to information that impacts their self-esteem, for instance, being told that they are stupid, ugly, or deceitful. An escalation or decline in self-esteem usually generates significant emotional responses. Furthermore, these changes are usually corresponding with key successes and failures experienced in life. Therefore, self-esteem facilitates happiness, greater performances, and also improved standards of living.
By Maslow (1943), the actions of human beings are motivated to accomplish particular needs. Maslow delineates five various levels……
References
Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(1), 1–44.
Cosentino, B. W. (2020). Loving Yourself. How to raise your self-esteem.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.
Robinson, R. B., & Frank, D. I. (1994). The relation between self-esteem, sexual activity, and pregnancy. Adolescence, 29(113), 27–35.
Watts, R. (2015). Adler’s individual psychology: The original positive psychology. REVISTA DE PSICOTERAPIA, 26 (102) 123-131.
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