Research Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Stem Cell Transplants Treat Alzheimers And Parkinsons Disease
… therapy for those with Parkinson’s disease. But lifestyle changes, approved drugs, and surgical operations can be recommended to address symptoms. Nevertheless, stem cell research has shown a lot of promise in helping to restore and regenerate destroyed brain tissues and is, therefore, currently being tested to help … approach in the treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. It also investigates the possible drawbacks of using the approach.
Introduction
Expectations from medical researchers to come up with a breakthrough treatment for the most widely-occurring neurodegenerative ailments in the French population, namely, Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Alzheimer's … the disease impacting around one to two percent of individuals aged above 70 years. While its causes are yet to be determined, several research scholars claim the disease emerges as a reaction to non-genetic…[break]…pathways include paracrine effects, immune-modulation, differentiation, and proliferation. Pre-clinical body of research on stem cells shows that the benefits and……
References
References
Alzheimer’s Association. (2015). 2015 Alzheimer\\\\'s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer\\\\'s & Dementia, 11(3), 332-384. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2015.02.003.
Bali, P., Lahiri, D., Banik, A., Nehru, B., & Anand, A. (2017). Potential for Stem Cells Therapy in Alzheimer’s Disease: Do Neurotrophic Factors Play Critical Role? Current Alzheimer Research, 14(2), 208-220. doi:10.2174/1567205013666160314145347
Goodarzi, P., Aghayan, H. R., Larijani, B., Soleimani, M., Dehpour, A. R., Sahebjam, M., … Arjmand, B. (2015). Stem cell-based approach for the treatment of Parkinson\\\\'s disease. Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 29, 168.
Herberts, C. A., Kwa, M. S., & Hermsen, H. P. (2011). Risk factors in the development of stem cell therapy. Journal of Translational Medicine, 9(1). doi:10.1186/1479-5876-9-29
Hwang, S., Gill, S., Pathak, S., & Subramanian, S. (2018, March 30). A Comparison of Stem Cell Therapies for Parkinson Disease | Published in Georgetown Medical Review. Retrieved June 11, 2019, from https://gmr.scholasticahq.com/article/3420-a-comparison-of-stem-cell-therapies-for-parkinson-disease
Railton, D. (2019, February 18). Stem cells: Therapy, controversy, and research. Retrieved June 11, 2019, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/200904.php
The Research Journal. (2017, September 20). Alzheimer\\\\'s and Parkinson\\\\'s - the current state of research. Retrieved June 11, 2019, from https://www.pasteur.fr/en/research-journal/reports/alzheimer-s-and-parkinson-s-current-state-research
Study Document
Hurricane Maria And Puerto Rico S Emergency Management
...Research Introduction
Hurricane Maria was the strongest hurricane to strike Puerto Rico in nearly a hundred years when it made landfall on the tiny island state in September of 2017 (Amnesty International, 2018). Maria followed upon the heels of Hurricane Irma, which had struck the island only a mere matter of weeks before. Nearly 3000 died as a result, according to Puerto Rico’s Governor and tens of thousands of people were displaced and forced to take up temporary shelter that gradually took on a character of permanence as the island struggled to cope with the devastation of the Category 4 hurricane (Amnesty International, 2018). Losses were estimated at some $90 billion. The fact that Puerto Rico was still reeling from the damages caused by Irma, which hit on September 6th, meant that local organizations were ill-prepared to cope with a second larger hurricane on September 20th. Irma had already “caused the……
References
References
Acevedo, N. (2018). Puerto Rico lacked disaster planning, communications strategy, hurricane study found. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/puerto-rico-crisis/puerto-rico-lacked-disaster-planning-communications-strategy-hurricane-study-found-n904866
Achenbach, J. & Hernandez, A. (2017). FEMA administrator: Puerto Rico’s politics, lack of unity, hindering hurricane response. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/fema-administrator-puerto-ricos-politics-lack-of-unity-hindering-hurricane-response/2017/10/09/f1711996-ad10-11e7-9e58-e6288544af98_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.eef2e6bc0e3e
Amnesty International. (2018). Puerto Rico a year after Hurricane Maria. Retrieved from https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2018/09/puerto-rico-a-year-after-hurricane-maria/
Bomey, N. (2017). Hurricane Maria halts crucial drug manufacturing in Puerto Rico, may spur shortages. Retrieved from https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2017/09/22/hurricane-maria-pharmaceutical-industry-puerto-rico/692752001/
CDC. (2019). PHEP. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/cpr/epf/docs/PuertoRico.pdf de Arzola, O. R. (2018). Emergency Preparedness and Hurricane Maria: The Experience of a Regional Academic Medical Center in Southwest Puerto Rico. Journal of Graduate Medical Education,10(4), 477-480. Florido, A. (2018). Government Lawyer Says Puerto Rico's Hurricane Response Plan 'Does Not Exist'. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2018/10/30/662345336/government-lawyer-says-puerto-ricos-hurricane-response-plan-does-not-exist
McMahon, C. (2018). Double down on the Jones Act? Journal of Maritime Law & Commerce, 49(2), 153-195.
Samaan, J. L., & Verneuil, L. (2009). Civil–Military Relations in Hurricane Katrina: a case study on crisis management in natural disaster response. Humanitarian Assistance: Improving US-European Cooperation, Center for Transatlantic Relations/Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD/Global Public Policy Institute, Berlin, 413-432.
Study Document
Directors Remuneration And Its Impact On Share Repurchases
… of director remuneration? What sort of signal does it send to stakeholders when companies invest in repurchasing their own shares instead of in research and development or infrastructure? As Scheider-Maunoury and Gouin (2016) point out, share buybacks hinder investment in the company and undermine the potential of … feasible for companies to engage in the repurchasing of shares for the sake of directors’ remuneration?
General Purpose
The general purpose of this research is to understand whether stakeholders in an Irish company view director remuneration as a result of share repurchases as a case of conflict … whether in Ireland there is sufficient awareness of this fact to mitigate the risk of moral hazard effectively rising out of control. This research aims to conduct a qualitative study of that question to ascertain how Irish stakeholders view the morality of share repurchasing programs in the … qualitative study of that question……
References
References
Bendix, R. (1974). Inequality and social structure: a comparison of Marx and Weber. American Sociological Review, 149-161.
Chan, R., & Hoy, M. (1991). East—West joint ventures and buyback contracts. Journal of International Economics, 30(3-4), 331-343.
Choi, C. J., & Maldoom, D. (1992). A simple model of buybacks. Economics Letters, 40(1), 77-82.
Durkheim, E. (1997). The Division of Labor in Society. NY: The Free Press.
Egan, M. (2018). Tax cut triggers $437 billion explosion of stock buybacks. Retrieved from https://money.cnn.com/2018/07/10/investing/stock-buybacks-record-tax-cuts/index.html
Goldsmith, J. M. (1994). The case against GATT. Multinational Monitor, 15(10), 20-24.
Lee, P. (2018). Share Buybacks and Redemptions: Legal Update - Companies Act 2014. Retrieved from https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=30c07ac8-c29c-4f99-b17d-7844d09888ea
Mill, J. S. (1859). On Liberty. London: John W. Parker and Son, West Strand.
Study Document
Quality And Sustainability In Health Care
...Research Implementation and Evaluation
Introduction
This is part 3 of the quality and sustainability paper. Part 1 outlined the descriptive method of assessing quality and safety measures in nursing science. It was concluded that administrative data could be used to determine the effectiveness of quality or safety program since safety is the most fundamental aspect of nursing science (Twigg, Pugh, Gelder, & Myers, 2016). In part 2, analysis and application of safety programs were explored and Kenneth E. Waldenberg Health Care facility was used as a model in the analysis. The findings of the paper was that leadership plays a key role in sustaining quality improvement programs in any health care organization (Stetler, Ritchie, Rycroft-Malone, & Charns, 2014). In this third part of the quality and sustainability paper, a change theory that will support the implementation of a quality and safety program will be discussed.
Change Theory
Healthcare facilitates are required……
References
References
Alenius-Smeds, L., Tishelman, C., Lindqvist, R. Runesdotter, S. & McHugh, M.D. (2016). RN assessments of excellent quality of care and patient safety are associated with significantly lower odds of 30-day inpatient mortality: A national cross-sectional study of acute-care hospitals. International Journal of Nursing Studies. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016 (06)005
Brasait?, I., Kaunonen, M., Martink?nas, A., Mockien?, V., & Suominen, T. (2016). Health care professionals’ skills regarding patient safety. Medicina, 52(4), 250-256. doi:10.1016/j.medici.2016.05.004
Campbell, R. J. (2008). Change Management in Health Care. The Health Care Manager, 27(1), 23-39. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18510142
Hughes, R.G. (2007). "3 Barriers to quality improvement and quality improvement research." Institute of Medicine (IOM). Advancing quality improvement research: Challenges and opportunities: Workshop summary. doi:10.17226/11884.x
Lennox, L., Maher, L., & Reed, J. (2018). Navigating the sustainability landscape: a systematic review of sustainability approaches in healthcare. Implementation science: IS, 13(1), 27. doi:10.1186/s13012-017-0707-4
Stetler C.B., Ritchie J.A., Rycroft-Malone J. & Charns M.P. (2014) Leadership for evidence-based practice: strategic and functional behaviors for institutionalizing EBP. Worldviews on Evidence Based Nursing 11(4), 219–226.
Twigg, D. E., Pugh, J. D., Gelder, L., & Myers, H. (2016). Foundations of a nursing-sensitive outcome indicator suite for monitoring public patient safety in Western Australia. Collegian, 23(2), 167-181. doi:10.1016/j.colegn.2015.03.007
Study Document
Right Of Informed Refusal For Minors
… to examine the arguments in support of and against allow minors to make end-of-life decisions for themselves, followed by a summary of the research and important findings concerning this issue in the conclusion.
Review and Analysis
On the one hand, there are increasing calls to allow young … in that developmental maturation allows, over time, for increasing inclusion of the child’s and adolescent’s opinion in medical decision-making in clinical practice and research” (2016, p. 30). This observation suggests that the ability of minors to participate in their health care decisions exists along a continuum ranging … status, though, essentially ends when it comes to providing minors with the same right to informed consent and informed refusal as adults. The research was consistent in showing that this view is gradually changing, due in large part……
References
References
Black’s law dictionary. (1990). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Company.
Bryden, J. (2016, February 25). Medical help in dying should be widely available, with few restrictions: Report. The Canadian Press, 6.
Hursthouse, R. & Pettigrove, G. (2018, Winter). Virtue ethics. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2018/entries/ethics-virtue .
Katz, A. L. & Webb, S. A. (2016, August). Informed consent in decision-making in pediatric practice. Pediatrics, 138(2), 30-37.
Lemmens, C. (2009, September). End- of- life decisions and minors: do minors have the right to refuse life preserving medical treatment? A comparative study. Medical Law Review, 28(3), 479-497.
Physician-assisted suicide. (2019). CNN. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/2014/11/26/us/ physician-assisted-suicide-fast-facts/index.html.
Salsberry, P. J. (1999, January 1). Caring, virtue theory, and a foundation for nursing ethics. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 6(2), 155-160.
Williams, Z. (2012, October 25). Early puberty: why are kids growing up faster? The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/society/2012/oct/25/early-puberty-growing-up-faster .
Study Document
Recruitment Of Talented Employees
… to young employees who are regular consumers of social media. According to one HR expert, “Social media profiles have become standard tools for researching and evaluating talent. Instead of looking only at candidates’ résumés, thoroughly vet…[break]…are increasingly transient but good employees will be more interested in remaining ……
References
References
Bajic, E. (2013). The 6 steps for retaining good employees. Forbes. Retrieved from:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/elenabajic/2013/07/15/the-6-steps-for-retaining-good- employees/#63a92aa5721f
Fallon, N. (2016). 6 steps for learning how to recruit the best talent. Business News Daily.
Retrieved from: https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/6252-tips-for-recruiters.html
Keller, S. & Meaney, (2017). Attracting and retaining the right talent. McKinsey. Retrieved
from: https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/attracting - and-retaining-the-right-talent
Williams, D. & Scott, M. (2012). Five ways to retain employees forever. Harvard Business
Review Retrieved from: https://hbr.org/2012/11/five-ways-to-retain-employees
Study Document
Families Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
… quality of life, family burden, poorer psychological wellbeing, financial stress, under/unemployment, and poorer physical and mental health (Zuckerman, Lindly, Bethell & Kuhlthau, 2014).
Research Context
As evident in the background information, families of children with autism face challenges relating to childcare patterns and issues brought by complexities … the study will be carried out among families of preschool children with ASD to understand their experiences, childcare patterns, and issues. Qualitative survey research is based on ethnography, which is the study of the behaviors, perceptions, and interactions that take place within organizations, teams, communities, and groups … the views and experiences of families of preschool children with ASD will provide rich, holistic insights on this issue, help in answering the research questions, and address the gap in existing literature.
For data collection, the researcher will conduct observations and interviews on a group of families of children with autism spectrum disorders.……
References
References
Coogle, C.G., Guerette, A.R. & Hanline, M.F 2013. Early Intervention Experiences of Families with an Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Qualitative Pilot Study. Early Childhood Research & Practice, vol. 15, no. 1. Viewed 7 August 2019, http://ecrp.uiuc.edu/v15n1/coogle.html
Forest, E.J., Horner, R.H., Lewis-Palmer, T. & Todd, A.W 2004. Transitions for Young Children with Autism from Preschool to Kindergarten. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, vol. 6, no. 2, pp.103-112.
Jansen, H 2010. The Logic of Qualitative Survey Research and its Position in the Field of Social Research Methods. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, vol. 11, no. 2, pp.1-21.
Ponto, J 2015. Understanding and Evaluating Survey Research. Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp.168-171.
Reeves, S., Kuper, A. & Hodges, B.D 2008. Qualitative Research Methodologies: Ethnography. BMJ, vol. 337. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a1020
Reeves, S., Peller, J., Goldman, J. & Kitto, S 2013. Ethnography in Qualitative Educational Research: AMEE Guide No. 80. Medical Teacher, vol. 35, no. 8, pp.e1365-e1379.
Stahmer, A.C., Akshoomoff, N. & Cunningham, A.B 2011. Inclusion for Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Autism, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 625-641.
Stahmer, A.C., Collings, N.M. & Palinkas, L.A 2005. Early Intervention Practices for Children with Autism: Descriptions from Community Providers. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, vol. 20, no. 2, pp.66-79.
Study Document
Race And Incarceration Rates
… a cultural factor in the U.S. and it is certainly a factor in today’s criminal justice system. James (2018:30) has shown that current “research on police officers has found that they tend to associate African Americans with threat” (30). A significantly higher percentage of the African American ……
References
References
Aguirre, A., & Baker, D. V. (Eds.). 2008. Structured inequality in the United States: Critical discussions on the continuing significance of race, ethnicity, and gender. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Alexander, Michelle. 2012. The New Jim Crow. New York: New Press.
Davis, Angela. 2012. The Meaning of Freedom. San Francisco: City Light Books.
James, Lois. 2018. The stability of implicit racial bias in police officers. Police Quarterly 21(1):0-52.
Lopez, German. 2018. There are huge racial disparities in how US police use force. Retrieved July 30, 2019 ( https://www.vox.com/identities/2016/8/13/17938186/police-shootings-killings-racism-racial-disparities ).
O’Sullivan, John. 1845. Annexation. United States Magazine and Democratic Review 17(1):5-10.
Pettit, Becky, and Bruce Western. 2004. Mass imprisonment and the life course: Race and class inequality in US incarceration." American sociological review 69(2):151-169.
Plessy v. Ferguson. 1896. Retrieved July 30, 2019 ( https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/163us537 ).
Study Document
Criminal Justice Reform And Bail Reform
… hours of arrest and 99% were released within 48 hours of arrest (Drug Policy Alliance, 2019).
Conclusion
What can be concluded from this research is that bail reform is needed and that once it is implemented it can create a system of greater equitability, as can be ……
References
References
ACLU. (2019). ACLU lawsuit goes after $2 billion bail industry that profits off poor people. Retrieved from https://www.aclu.org/press-releases/aclu-lawsuit-goes-after-2-billion-bail-industry-profits-poor-people
Drug Policy Alliance. (2019). New Jersey Judiciary Releases Annual Bail Reform Report, with Additional Key Statistics. Retrieved from http://www.drugpolicy.org/press-release/2019/04/new-jersey-judiciary-releases-annual-bail-reform-report-additional-key
National Criminal Justice Association. (2019). Criminal justice system improvement. Retrieved from https://www.ncja.org/ncja/policy/criminal-justice-reform
Platt, T. (2018). Criminal justice reform in the U.S. has a long history of repressive outcomes. Retrieved from https://www.salon.com/2018/12/27/criminal-justice-reform-in-the-u-s-has-a-long-history-of-repressive-outcomes/
Vitiello, M. (2002). Three Strikes Laws-A Real or Imagined Deterrent to Crime. Hum. Rts., 29, 3.
Woods, A. & Rosnick, J. (2019). Mistakenly Jailed Pretrial, an Ohio Mother Lost Her Job and Kids. Retrieved from https://www.aclu.org/blog/smart-justice/bail-reform/mistakenly-jailed-pretrial-ohio-mother-lost-her-job-and-kids
Ziegelheim, D. (2018). Grassroots Organizations Are Leading The Way On Criminal Justice Reform. Retrieved from https://psmag.com/social-justice/the-grassroots-organizations-leading-criminal-justice-reform
Study Document
Effects Of Domestic Violence On African American Women
… 2000). That tradition of neglect and violence has continued in American culture to this day.
Prevalence/Trends
According to the Institute for Women’s Policy Research (2017), 40% of black women experience violence from a partner. According to Rennison and Welchans (2000) the numbers are even higher: some 90% … of mental abuse and 20% of the African-American female population will be raped at some point in their lives (Institute for Women’s Policy Research, 2017). Black women are also 2.5x more likely to be murdered by a man than white women are (Institute for Women’s Policy Research, 2017). This type of violence is clearly trending in the wrong direction and the continued abandonment of families by fathers and the continued ……
References
References
Adorno, T., & Horkheimer, M. (2007). The culture industry: Enlightenment as mass deception. Stardom and celebrity: A reader, 34.
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130-136.
Bent-Goodley, T.B. (2001). Eradicating domestic violence in the African American community: A literature review and action agenda. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse: A Review Journal, 2,316-330.
Franklin, D.L. (2000). What\\\\\\'s love got to do with it? Understanding and healing the rift Between Black men and women. New York: Simon and Schuster
NCADV. (2017). Statistics. Retrieved from https://ncadv.org/statistics
Institute for Women’s Policy Research. (2017). Violence Against Black Women – Many Types, Far-reaching Effects. Retrieved from https://iwpr.org/violence-black-women-many-types-far-reaching-effects/
Jones, F. (2014). Why Black Women Struggle More With Domestic Violence. Retrieved from https://time.com/3313343/ray-rice-black-women-domestic-violence/
Lee, C. (2017). Inside Whitney Houston’s Violent Marriage to Bobby Brown. Retrieved from https://www.thedailybeast.com/inside-whitney-houstons-violent-marriage-to-bobby-brown
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