Policy Change Essays (Examples)
Study Document
The Practice Of American Public Policymaking
The Principles of Machiavelli in American policy
The first chapter in The Practice of American Public policy lays out what the book examines in the succeeding chapters. First, Briggs and Helms (2015) define policy as “the activities, actors, institutions, practices, and technologies that combine to ‘deliver the goods’ to the American people” (p. 3). Public policy is defined as “the art and science of producing results” (p. 3). Thus, the book is primarily about American public policy and the focus is on conception and practice, which means that both the development and the implementation of policy are covered in the following chapters. Implementation is especially important because it refers to the process of monitoring and evaluating policy. policy and management should be part and parcel, according to the authors as “there is no policy without implementation” and there is no awareness of the success of a policy without evaluation (Briggs……
References
References
Briggs, S., & Helms, L. B. (2015). The practice of American public policymaking. New York: Routlege Taylor & Francis Group.
DeLeon, P., & DeLeon, L. (2002). What ever happened to policy implementation? An alternative approach. Journal of public administration research and theory, 12(4), 467-492.
Mizaur, D. G. (1993). Quality government is government of the people, by the people, for the people. Public Productivity & Management Review, 371-377.
Study Document
Private Prison Industry And Mental Health Of Inmates
My view of criminal justice has change completely. Before this course, I was under the impression that the criminal justice system might be flawed—but what system is perfect? Now I … interest, and it is apparent to many…[break]…way that would enable me to be a top-tier reform advocate. It is obvious to me that change is not going to happen unless a serious grassroots movement is developed, and I want to use my education to help develop that ……
References
References
Evans Cuellar, A., McReynolds, L. S., & Wasserman, G. A. (2006). A cure for crime: Can mental health treatment diversion reduce crime among youth?. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management: The Journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, 25(1), 197-214.
Pelaez, V. (2014). The prison industry in the United States: big business or a new form of slavery?. Global Research, 31, 1-2.
Study Document
Effectiveness Of The War On Drugs
…
3. History of drug use in different societies (ACLU, 2020)
B. History of government intervention in the private lives of individuals via drug policy (ACLU, 2020); Baumbauer, 2012).
C. Effects of the war on drugs
1. Is it effective? Quantify the deaths related to the WOD, as … Discussion
A. Race, class, power perspectives (Netherland & Hansen, 2017; Putt, Payne & Milner 2005; Taylor, Buchanan & Aynes, 2016).
B. Government, public policy, global affairs (Coyne & Hall, 2017; Godlee & Hurley, 2016)
C. Criminalization, justice (ACLU, 2020; “America is At War,” n.d.; Farabee, Prendergast & … controls placed on chemical compounds as scientific research into their uses expanded in the late 19th and early 20th century. The first drug policy on the books in the United States was the 1914 Harrison Narcotics Act (“America is At War,” n.d.). It was followed by a … Perpetuating the War on Drugs……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
War On Drugs
… on drugs”
3. History of drug use in different societies
B. History of government intervention in the private lives of individuals via drug policy.
C. Effects of the war on drugs
1. Is it effective? Quantify the deaths related to the WOD, as well as the social … capitalism, psychological wellbeing, and healthcare.
3. National sovereignty issues and global perspective
II. Theoretical Discussion
A. Race, class, power perspectives
B. Government, public policy, global affairs
C. Criminalization, justice
D. Other sociological issues
1. Organized crime and terrorism
2. White collar crime (tobacco and pharmaceutical industries)
III. … controls placed on chemical compounds as scientific research into their uses expanded in the late 19th and early 20th century. The first drug policy on the books in the United States was the 1914 Harrison Narcotics Act (“America is At War,” n.d.). It was followed by a … Perpetuating the War on Drugs……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
Obesity And Role Of Government
… government and relevant authorities and agencies to work together. There is also a need for regulations, policies, laws, and campaigns to trigger social change that will sustainably reduce the incidence of obesity in the long term (Swinburn, 2008).
What Is Being Done?
The United States federal government … Zealand, community-level programs have also shown an impact on obesity. The New Zealand government also decided to come up with a school food policy that does not promote obesity (Swinburn, 2008). This program has the long term potential of making kids and future adults in New Zealand … New Zealand better eaters and hence to reduce the incidence of obesity in the country.
What is Not Being Addressed?
Many regulations and policy options against obesity around the world rarely get adopted because they face opposition from certain quarters, e.g., the food and beverage industry. For … because they face opposition from……
References
References
AAFP. (2010). Federal government takes bigger role in combating obesity. Retrieved from https://www.aafp.org/news/obesity/20100517fed-initiatives.html
Institute of Medicine. 2007. Progress in preventing childhood obesity: how do we measure up?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/11722 .
Kumanyaki, S. K., Parker, L., & Sim, L. J. (2010). Bridging the evidence gap in obesity prevention: A framework to inform decision making. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK220174/
Mitchell, N., Catenacci, V., Wyatt, H., & Hill, J. (2011). Obesity: Overview of an epidemic. Psychiatr Clin North Am, 34(4), 717-732. DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2011.08.005
Swinburn, B. (2008). Obesity prevention: The role of policies, laws, and regulations. Aust New Zealand Health Policy, 5(12). DOI: 10.1186/1743-8462-5-12
Study Document
Gun Violence Among African American Community
… of people of color in incarceration. Also, the increase in gun violence across the populace and the states has triggered public outcry for change in the judicial system to bolster the safety of the public(Urban Institute, 2016).
System failures to address the challenge of systematic discrimination, inability … health approach to dealing with violence follows a similar template (Butts, Roman, Bostwick& Porter, 2015).
This paper will give an overview of a policy for the prevention of gun violence.
policy Development
A policy document is usually drafted by an individual or an agency that has been conferred with the authority to complete the task. For national … document is usually drafted by an individual or an agency that has been conferred with the authority to complete the task. For national policy issues, such an agency could be a team of employees of the government or a consultant contracted by the……
References
References
Armstrong, M., & Carlson, J. (2019). Speaking of trauma: The race talk, the gun violence talk, and the racialization of gun trauma. Palgrave Communications, 5(112). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-019-0320-z
Maxson, C. L., Hennigan, K, and D. C. Sloane. (2003). For the sake of the neighborhood? Civil gang injunctions as a gang intervention tool in Southern California. In Scott H. Decker, Ed. Policing Gangs and Youth Violence. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning
Morris, S. (2018). Mass shootings in the US: There have been 1,624 in 1,870 days. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2017/oct/02/america-mass-shootings-gun-violence
Payne, B. K. (2006). Weapon bias: split-second decisions and unintended stereotyping. Curr Directions Psychological Sci, 15(6), 287–291.
Roman, J. K. (2013).Race, justifiable homicide, and stand your ground laws: Analysis of FBI supplementary homicide report data. Retrieved from http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=265405
Schopper, D., Lormand, J. D.,&Waxweiler, R (eds). (2006).Developing policies to prevent injuries and violence: guidelines for policy-makers and planners. Geneva, World Health Organization.
Tate, J., Jenkins, J., Rich, S., Muyskens, J., Elliott, K., Mellnik, T., &Williams, A. (2016).How the Washington Post is examining police shootings in the United States. The Washington Post.
Tita, G. E., Troshynski, E., & Graves, M. (2007). Strategies for reducing gun violence: The role of gangs, drugs, and firearm accessibility. Research Report: National Crime Prevention Centre (NCPC). Retrieved from https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/rdcng-gn-vlnc/rdcng-gn-vlnc-eng.pdf
Study Document
Gun Control Act Of 1968
… 2016, p. 105).
In seeking to assess the need for stricter gun control laws, it would also be prudent to assess whether gun policy in the U.S. is cognizant of the need for robust checks and balances. There is the perspective that stricter gun control laws and … tendency to make hefty contributions to their politicians of choice. All these factors come together to frustrate efforts for stricter gun control laws. policy think tanks should come up with proposals meant to tame this phenomenon. Also, the role of the media should be prominent in this ……
References
References
Ausman, J.I. & Faria, M.A. (2019). Is Gun Control Really About People Control? Surgical Neurology International, 10(6), 195-204.
Bouton, L., Conconi, P., Pino, F. & Zanardi, M. (2014). Guns and Votes. Retrieved from https://www.nber.org/papers/w20253
Cole, G.F., Smith, C.E. & DeJong, C. (2016). Criminal Justice in America (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Gramlich, J. & Schaeffer, K. (2019). 7 facts about guns in the U.S. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/10/22/facts-about-guns-in-united-states/
Hayes, V. (2016). Gun Control in the United States. Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs, 4(2), 33-39.
Johnson, N.J., Kopel, D.B. & Mocsary, G.A. (2017). Firearms Law and the Second Amendment: Regulation, Rights, and Policy. New York, NY: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business.
Joslyn, M., Haider-Markel, D., Baggs, M. & Bilbo, A. (2017). Emerging Political Identities? Gun Ownership and Voting in Presidential Elections. Social Science Quarterly, 98(2), 382-396.
Webster, D.W. & Wintemute, G.J. (2015). Effects of Policies Designed to Keep Firearms from High-Risk Individuals. Annual Review of Public Health, 36, 21-37.
Study Document
Federal Reserve Operations And Market Impact
What tools are used by the Federal Reserve to implement monetary policy?
Monetary policy refers to the actions undertaken by the Federal Reserve, which is the central bank, to control credit and its flow within the United … of the nation’s economy as a whole (Federal Reserve Education, n.d).
The Federal Reserve presently utilizes numerous tools in the implementation of monetary policy about its statutory obligation to nurture maximum employment and stability in prices. The following are the tools:
1. Open market operations (OMO)
The … market operations are the most flexible monetary tool, and as a result, most often employed by the Fed in its conduct of monetary policy. Open market operations are conducted by the Domestic Trading Desk of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York with such directives being handed … market operations numerous times in a week. The huge majority of open market operations are not……
References
References
Brandl, M. (2020). Money, banking, financial markets & institutions. New York: Cengage Learning.
Federal Reserve Education. (n.d). Monetary Policy Basics. Retrieved from: https://www.federalreserveeducation.org/about-the-fed/structure-and-functions/monetary-policy
Federal Reserve. (2017). Monetary Policy Tools. Retrieved from: https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/bsd-monetary-policy-tools-201711.htm
Lumen Learning. (n.d). Macroeconomics: How a Central Bank Executes Monetary Policy. Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-macroeconomics/chapter/tools-of-monetary-policy/
Study Document
Homeland Defense And Private Security After September 11 Attacks
Introduction
The most significant terrorist attack on American soil was the September 11 attacks by Al Qaeda terrorists. The attacks change the perception that America cannot suffer such attacks, considering how far away it is from where terrorist organizations such as Al Qaeda are … was pressure on the government to attack in a significant way to prevent such attacks from reoccurring. This is what resulted in major change in the United States government’s foreign and domestic security policies. It also led to the government getting into several wars and supporting various … reviews some of the key government reactions to the September 11 attacks and the role of the private sector in the country’s security policy after the attacks.
Public Opinion After 9/11 Attack
After the September 11 attacks, most Americans called for and supported the creation of a … attacks.
Public Opinion After 9/11 Attack
After the September……
References
References
Chanley, V. (2002). Trust in Government in the Aftermath of 9/11: Determinants and Consequences. Political Psychology, 23(3), 469-483. Retrieved May 11, 2020, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3792588
Dugulin, R., & Niglia, A. (2015, May 17). The private sector in the protection of critical infrastructure - GRI. Global Risk Insights. https://globalriskinsights.com/2015/05/the-private-sectors-vital-role-in-the-protection-of-critical-infrastructure/
Gramlich, J. (2018, September 11). Since 9/11, Americans have seen anti-terrorism policy as a top priority. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/09/11/defending-against-terrorism-has-remained-a-top-policy-priority-for-americans-since-9-11/
Morgan, D. (2019). Homeland Security Research and Development: Homeland Security Issues in the 116th Congress. Current Politics and Economics of the United States, Canada, and Mexico, 21(1), 43-46.
Moteff, J., Copeland, C., & Fischer, J. (2003, January). Critical infrastructures: What makes an infrastructure critical?. Library of Congress Washington DC Congressional Research Service.
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