Military Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Counterintelligence Issues Within United States
...Military Morality of Counterintelligence Ethical Implications and the Need for a Theoretical Framework
CI Literature Review
Deception is at the core of counterintelligence: yet, it is a problematic core because of the corruption associated with deception in ethical systems. Mattox (2002), for example, observed that the practice of deception “is subject to limitations imposed by the demands of morality” (4). Unfortunately, morality within the realm of counterintelligence is often the first casualty, as history shows (Valentine 2016). The official beginnings of counterintelligence under the leadership of James Jesus Angleton have illustrated the extent to which the art of deception can create problems within the intelligence community (Morley 2017, 69). Within this community itself there is no standard ethical framework applied (Bailey and Galich 2012, 77). In counterintelligence, there is even less emphasis on ethical cohesion; as Valentine (2016) has revealed, the history of US counterintelligence is fraught with conflicts of interest,……
References
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. \\\\\\"The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles.\\\\\\" Bachelor\\\\\\'s thesis, Università Ca\\\\\\'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. \\\\\\"\\\\\\'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul\\\\\\'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering.\\\\\\" Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. \\\\\\"Strategic denial and deception.\\\\\\" International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Horkheimer, Max. 1972. Critical Theory. New York: Seabury Press.
Intelligence and National Security Alliance. 2020. Counterintelligence for the 21st Century. Arlington, VA.
Study Document
Iron Contra The Covert Action Operation In Iran
… and Britain introduced a two-decade period of dictatorship presided over by the Shah. The Shah heavily depended on western powers for economic and military support. The forces that eventually deposed the Shah in 1979 were informed by anti-American sentiments. The incident introduced Islamic rule in Iran and ……
References
References
Contini, C. (2013). A Realistic View on Iran: International relations and Global Politics. GRIN Verlag.
De Seve, M. (2020). Operation Ajax: The Story of the CIA Coup that Remade the Middle East. Verso Books.
Fowler, R. (2018). More Than a Doctrine: The Eisenhower Era in the Middle East. U of Nebraska Press.
Lee, C. T. (2013). A Cold War Narrative: The Covert Coup of Mohammad Mossadeq, Role of the U.S. Press and Its Haunting Legacies. Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT. http://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/300
Levin, Y. A. (2018). Operation Ajax in the CIA analytics: colonial knowledge in postcolonial age. Samara Journal of Science, 7(2), 200-203.
Luce, D. D. (2017, September 20). The specter of operation AJAX. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/aug/20/foreignpolicy.iran
Merica, D., & Hanna, J. (2013). In declassified document, CIA acknowledges role in\\\\\\'53 Iran Coup. CNN News. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
Roosevelt, K. (1979). Countercoup, the Struggle for the Control of Iran. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Study Document
CEOs And Presidents
...Military Influence Practices of Elon Musk and Jeff Skilling
CEOs and Presidents
Abstract
This paper looks at the influence processes of three CEOs: Elon Musk of Tesla, Alex Gorsky of Johnson & Johnson, and Jeff Skilling of Enron. These leaders have various strengths and faults and their leadership approaches are all different and to some extent based on their own personalities and styles of management. Some have met with more success than others, and some have met with more failure. Gorsky has succeeded at leading Johnson & Johnson for the past 8 years. Skilling failed in his leadership role at Enron and was jailed for fraud. Musk has seen a string of successes and failures during the course of his tenure as head of Tesla. This paper discusses their various influence processes, analyzes their strengths and weaknesses and summarizes their key attributes that effect positive organizational change and improved performance.
Introduction……
References
References
Bromley, H. R. (2007). Are you a transformational leader?. Physician Executive, 33(6), 54.
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2014). Do role models matter? An investigation of role modeling as an antecedent of perceived ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 122(4), 587-598.
Chamers, M.M. (2014). An Integrative Theory of Leadership (4thed.). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
De Vries, M.F.K. (1998). Charisma in action: The transformational abilities of Virgin's Richard Branson and ABB's Percy Barnevik. Organizational Dynamics, 26(3), 7-21.
Healthcare Technology Report. (2019). Alex Gorsky is the all-American CEO. Retrieved from https://thehealthcaretechnologyreport.com/alex-gorsky-is-the-all-american-ceo/
Holmes, A. (2007). Ethics: Approaching moral decisions. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
Kameda, T., Ohtsubo, Y., & Takezawa, M. (1997). Centrality in sociocognitive networks and social influence: An illustration in a group decision-making context. Journal of personality and social psychology, 73(2), 296.
Kolodny, L. (2018). Elon Musk’s extreme micromanagement has wasted time and money at Tesla, insiders say. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/2018/10/19/tesla-ceo-elon-musk-extreme-micro-manager.html
Study Document
The American Friends And The Peace Movement
… American Quakers urged the AFSC to facilitate elective help for youthful Quaker men who honestly believed they could not conscientiously serve in the military in the wake of being drafted under the Selective Service Act. These efforts ended up helping more than 600 Quakers and other radical ……
References
References
Franklin, S. (2020). American Friends Service Committee. Retrieved from https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1167/american-friends-service-committee
Frost, J. W. (1992). " Our Deeds Carry Our Message": The Early History of the American Friends Service Committee. Quaker History, 81(1), 1-51.
Ingle, H.L., (2016). "Truly Radical, Non-violent, Friendly Approaches": Challenges to the American Friends Service Committee. Quaker History 105(1), 1-21. DOI:10.1353/qkh.2016.0004.
Mechling, E. W., & Mechling, J. (1992). Hot pacifism and cold war: The American friends service committee's witness for peace in 1950s America. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 78(2), 173-196.
The Nobel Prize. (2020). American Friends Service Committee. Retrieved from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1947/friends-committee/facts/
Study Document
Weapons Of Mass Destruction
...Military Countering the Threat of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs)
Purpose Statement
Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) weapons of mass destruction (WMD) area a threat that can completely disrupt an entire nation’s way of life. The current situation in China is a perfect illustration of what can happen when a biological weapon is used to destabilize a nation’s economy. China is currently grinding to a halt as the Covin-19 virus spreads like wildfire through China. The example shows how devastating a WMD can be when used in an attack. The purpose of this study is to examine ways to prevent or reduce the risk of a CBRN WMD attack. By looking at the use of international treaties, the rise of terrorism, and counter-proliferation strategies, this paper will assess the measures available for achieving the aim.
Research Question
What can nations do to prevent or reduce the risk of CBRN WMD……
References
References
Asada, M. (2008). Security Council Resolution 1540 to combat WMD terrorism: effectiveness and legitimacy in international legislation. Journal of Conflict & Security Law, 13(3), 303-332.
Carter, A. B. (2004). Overhauling counterproliferation. Technology in Society 26(2-3), 257-269.
CBS. (2011). Clinton on Qaddafi: We came, we saw, he died. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlz3-OzcExI
The Commission to Assess the Organization of the Federal Government to Combat the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. (1999). Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. Washington, D.C.
Forest, J.J.F. (2012, Winter). Framework for Analyzing the Future Threat of WMD Terrorism. Journal of Strategic Security 5, 4. Retrieved from http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1193&context=jss
Hochman, D. (2006). Rehabilitating a rogue: Libya's WMD reversal and lessons for US policy. Parameters, 36(1), 63.
Lang, C. G. (1937). Archbishop's Appeal: Individual Will and Action; Guarding Personality. London Times, 28.
Stone, O., & Kuznick, P. (2013). The untold history of the United States. Simon and Schuster.
Study Document
Born In The USA By Bruce Springsteen
...Military Political Songs and Government
Born in the USA was written by Bruce Springsteen in 1981 after being inspired by a movie script sent to him called “Born in the USA” (Konow & Mercurio, 2015). Springsteen’s song was written with the Vietnam war in mind and the plight of the Vietnam Veteran and average working class kid being sent off to war. The song starts off talking about being “born in a dead man’s town”—a line that could symbolize two things, a town named after a long-dead person or a town that is literally a dead end for hopes and dreams. The song proceeds to describe how hard life is for someone growing up in a dead town—everyone goes around like a beat dog, just trying to survive. Yet the country is so cruel that when one gets into a little trouble the punishment does not fit the crime: the singer……
References
References
Ames, D., Erickson, Z., Youssef, N. A., Arnold, I., Adamson, C. S., Sones, A. C., ... & Oliver, J. P. (2018). Moral injury, religiosity, and suicide risk in US veterans and active duty military with PTSD symptoms. Military medicine, 184(3-4), e271-e278.
Konow, D. & Mercurio, J. (2015). Transformation in Art: The Films of Paul Schrader. Retrieved from https://creativescreenwriting.com/transformation-in-art-the-films-of-paul-schrader/
Lyrics to Born in the USA
Study Document
Counterterrorism Strategy For The Next U S Presidential Administration
...Military Introduction
One of the goals of the G. W. Bush Administration, which launched the War on Terrorism campaign, was to “end the state sponsorship of terrorism” (White House, 2003). The top goals of the Bush Administration, however, were to defeat Bin Laden and Al-Zarqawi, as well to identify terrorist organizations and demolish them. The first two goals have been accomplished. The latter is dependent upon eradicating state sponsorship of terrorism. Thus, as shall be seen in this strategy paper, ending the state sponsorship of terrorism should be the number one goal of this administration, as state sponsorship is the primary means by which terrorism continues to this day (Malzahn 2002).
Successes and Failures Since 2001
While the U.S. has been successful at defeating terrorists since 9/11, it has not done as well when it comes to defeating the idea of terrorism (Bipartisan Policy Center, 2017). Even though ISIS has been……
References
References
Bipartisan Policy Center. (2017). Defeating terrorists, not terrorism. Retrieved from https://bipartisanpolicy.org/report/counterterrorism-policy-from-911-to-isis/
Englehardt, T. (2018). America’s war on terror. Retrieved from https://www.thenation.com/article/americas-war-on-terror-has-cost-taxpayers-5-6-trillion/
Freeman, M. (2018). ISIS Is a US-Israeli Creation. Top Ten “Indications.” Retrieved from https://www.globalresearch.ca/isis-is-a-us-israeli-creation-top-ten-indications/5518627
Malzahn, S. M. (2002). State Sponsorship and Support of International Terrorism: Customary Norms of State Responsibility. Hastings Int'l & Comp. L. Rev., 26, 83.
Nordland, R. & Mashal, M. (2019). U.S. and Taliban Edge Toward Deal to End America’s Longest War. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/26/world/asia/afghanistan-taliban-peace-deal.html
White House. (2003). National strategy for combating terrorism. Retrieved from https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/02/20030214-7.html
Study Document
The Moral And Ethical Implications Emerging Due To Globalization
...Military Globalization and Its Ethical Implications
The dynamic force of globalization, a phenomenon of interconnectedness and integration of economies around the world, has resulted not only to increasing opportunities for trade diversification but presents inherent risk such as global financial instability, increased inequalities, terrorism. In an increasingly interdependent world, increasing world population, scientific and technology innovation advancement, global human development issues, global governance, peace and security, global environment and natural resources are emerging global issues of interest to both national and international governments and critical for maintaining global stability (Bhargava, 2007).
Forces of globalization have contributed to multilateral trade liberalization, which has an economic value such as increasing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), greater economies of scale and scope and knowledge, and technology spillovers (Bhargava, 2007). It's enabled the development of competitive and comparative advantage in manufacturing by developing countries. The expansion of economic activities across the globe has put pressure on……
References
References
Ahmad, A. (2013) \\\\\\'A Global Ethics for a Globalized World,\\\\\\' Policy Perspectives, 10(1), pp. 63–77. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/42909298.
Bereiter, C. and Scardamalia, M. (2020) \\\\\\'What will it mean to be\\\\\\" educated\\\\\\" in 2020\\\\\\', The Gordon Commission on the Future of Assessment in Education.
Buller, P. F., Kohls, J. J. and Anderson, K. S. (1991) \\\\\\'The challenge of global ethics,\\\\\\' Journal of Business Ethics, 10(10), pp. 767–775. DOI: 10.1007/BF00705711.
Gampel, E. H. (2010) \\\\\\'A framework for reasoning about ethical issues\\\\\\', pp. 1–18. Available at: http://www.academia.edu/4323854/A_Framework_for_Reasoning_about_Ethical_Issues .
Gong, Q. and Zhang, L. (2010) \\\\\\'Virtue ethics and modern society—A response to the thesis of the modern predicament of virtue ethics _ SpringerLink,\\\\\\' Frontiers of Philosophy in China, 5(2), pp. 255–265.
Newton, L. (2008) \\\\\\'Hale Chair in Applied Ethics Resources - Manuals.\\\\\\' Available at: http://www.rit.edu/cla/ethics/resources/manuals/dgae1p1.html .
The Blogxer (2012) \\\\\\'Responsibilities of an educated person,\\\\\\' The Third Eye. Available at: http://enlighten-me-not.blogspot.co.ke/2012/03/responsibilities-of-educated-person.html .
Study Document
Ottoman Empire And The Arabs
Sharif Hussein Ibn Saud and the Fall of the Ottoman Empire
Introduction
The Ottoman Empire was served by a strong military and centralized political structure, but with territory that stretched into both the East and the West, the Ottoman Empire was also greatly served ……
References
Bibliography
Anderson, Scott. 2014. Lawrence in Arabia: War, Deceit, Imperial Folly and the Making of the Modern Middle East. Atlantic Books.
Faroqhi, Suraiya. 1994. Pilgrims and Sultans: The Hajj under the Ottomans 1517–1683. London: I. B. Tauris.
Faroqhi, Suraiya. 2004. The Ottoman Empire and the World Around It. London: IB Tauris.
Khaled Fahmy. 2009. Mehmed Ali: From Ottoman Governor to Ruler of Egypt (Oxford:Oneworld Publications.
Murphy, David. 2008. The Arab Revolt 1916–18 Lawrence sets Arabia Ablaze. Osprey: London.
Wilson, Mary C. 'The Hashemites, the Arab Revolt, and Arab Nationalism' in The Origins of Arab Nationalism (1991), ed. Rashid Khalidi, pp. 204–24. Columbia University Press.
Study Document
Frederick Douglass Civil Reforms In United States
… of slavery. Therefore, Douglass believed that the process of ending slavery required to protest and agitation. He also believed in the need for military intervention if this was required. Douglass, being a firm believer in Christianity, longed for God to set things right in America but at ……
References
Works cited
Douglass, Frederick. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The Civil Rights Case.\\\\\\\\\\\\" speech at Lincoln Hall, Washington, DC 22 (1883): 1950-75.
Douglass, Frederick. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The meaning of July Fourth for the Negro.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Frederick Douglass: Selected speeches and writings (1852): 188-206.
DuBois, Ellen Carol. Feminism and suffrage: The emergence of an independent women\\\\\\\\\\\\'s movement in America, 1848-1869. Cornell University Press, 1978.
Fredrickson, George M. Racism: A short history. Princeton University Press, 2002.
Gooding-Williams, Robert. In the shadow of Du Bois: Afro-modern political thought in America. Harvard University Press, 2009.
Jefferson, Thomas. Notes on the State of Virginia. Penguin, 1999.
Lee, Maurice S., ed. The Cambridge Companion to Frederick Douglass. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
McCarthy, Thomas. Race, empire, and the idea of human development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
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