Free Will Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Marcus Aurelius
...Free Comparing Marcus Aurelius and His Stoicism with Rousseau s Libertinism
Marcus Aurelius: What Has Been Lost
Natural law ethics were articulated by Aristotle in classical Greek philosophy and have been a mainstay of Western philosophy ever since, being discussed by Roman philosophers, early Church Fathers and Scholastics in the Middle Ages. It was not until the Reformation and the Age of Enlightenment when modern society began to reject the Old World values where natural law conformed with moral law. Enlightenment philosophers like Jean-Jacques Rousseau abandoned the notion of Original Sin and of fallen human nature and viewed natural law from a liberal perspective in which every human impulse was deemed good regardless of whether form followed function (Laux). For Rousseau liberty was what mattered most, and that meant rejection of the order of the medieval Church and of the doctrines of sin and redemption. It also meant rejecting the natural……
References
Works Cited
Anderson, Ryan. “Sex Reassignment Doesn’t Work. Here Is the Evidence.” Heritage, 2018. https://www.heritage.org/gender/commentary/sex-reassignment-doesnt-work-here-the-evidence
Aurelius, Marcus. Book One. Meditations. http://classics.mit.edu/Antoninus/meditations.1.one.html
Aurelius, Marcus. Book Two. Meditations. http://classics.mit.edu/Antoninus/meditations.2.two.html
Laux, J. Church History. New York: Benziger Brothers, 1933.
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. Emile. https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/rousseau-emile-or-education
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. The Social Contract. https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/rousseau-the-social-contract-and-discourses
Strange, Steven (ed). Stoicism: Traditions and Transformations. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004.
Study Document
Early Childhood Education Diverse Learners Project
… school. The assessment team includes psychologists, therapists, and teachers who all take part in the comprehensive evaluation (Slentz, 2010). The school provides a free, full-day pre-school initiative. Every child, despite their demographic or income, are allowed to access high-quality learning encounters. Both regular, as well as blended ……
References
References
Avdameg. (2020). Early childhood education. Retrieved from http://www.healthofchildren.com/E-F/Early-Childhood-Education.html
Illinois Early Learning Project. (2020). 2013 Illinois early learning and development standards. Retrieved from https://illinoisearlylearning.org/ields/
Rock, A. (2020). What your child will learn in pre-school. Retrieved from https://www.verywellfamily.com/all-about-preschool-curriculum-2764977
Study Document
Organizational Situations And Interventions
...Free Socialization Activity
Socialization is an important component to the success and effectiveness of an organizational setting. Workplace socialization or social interaction is associated with numerous benefits for both the individuals and the organization. However, organizations are sometimes faced with socialization issues that negatively impact employee engagement and productivity. An example of an organizational situation relating to socialization is the integration of new members. Organization X has established human resource policies and plans to integrate new members into the workforce. However, these policies and practices are seemingly ineffective because new employees report of role uncertainties as they are not adequately informed of their specific duties. Consequently, the participation or engagement of new employees in the organization’s workplace is significantly affected. New employees state that they do not feel a sense of belonging and face numerous uncertainties in this working environment.
Relevant Research
Korte (2007) states that socialization in an organization is……
References
References
Bhui, K., Dinos, S., Galant-Miecznikowska, M., de Jongh, B. & Stanfeld, S. (2016, December). Perceptions of Work Stress Causes and Effective Interventions in Employees Working in Public, Private and Non-governmental Organizations: A Qualitative Study. BJPsych Bulletin, 40(6), 318-325.
Kelly, E.L., Moen, P. & Tranby, E. (2011, April). Changing Workplaces to Reduce Work-Family Conflict: Schedule Control in a White-Collar Organization. American Sociological Review, 76(2), 265-290.
Khan, N. & Khurshid, S. (2017, February). Workplace Stress and Employee Wellbeing: Case of Health Care Staff in UAE. European Scientific Journal, 13(5), 217-226.
Korte, R.F. (2007). The Socialization of Newcomers into Organizations: Integrating Learning and Social Exchange Processes. Retrieved from Institute of Education Sciences website: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED504550.pdf
Kossek, E.E. & Lee, K. (2017, October). Work-Family Conflict and Work-Life Conflict. Retrieved March 24, 2020, from https://oxfordre.com/business/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190224851.001.0001/acrefore-9780190224851-e-52?print=pdf
Njegovan, B.R. & Kostic, B. (2014). Impact of Organizational Socialization Towards Employees’ Social Adaptation. Journal of Engineering Management and Competitiveness, 4(1), 34-40.
Van Kleef, D., Steen, T. & Schott, C. (2017, October 26). Informal Socialization in Public Organizations: Exploring the Impact of Informal Socialization on Enforcement Behavior of Dutch Veterinary Inspectors. Public Administration, 97(1), 81-96.
Zhou, S., Da, S., Guo, H. & Zhang, X. (2018, April 17). Work-Family Conflict and Mental Health Among Female Employees: A Sequential Mediation Model via Negative Affect and Perceived Stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(544), doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00544
Study Document
Digital Forensics Importance Of Hash Values
… follows:
· Any-length input,
· Fixed-length output,
· H(x) can be computed fairly easily for all x, and
· H(x) is 1-way and collision-free.
A one-way hash function means the function cannot be easily inverted, i.e., given any h (i.e., hash value), it is not computationally feasible … H(x) = h. further, if, given input x, finding yx becomes computationally infeasible such that H(x) = H(y), then H represents a weakly collision-free hash function (Kumar et al., 2012; Rasjid et al., 2017). On the other hand, a strongly collision-free H is a hash function for which finding messages x & y such that H(x) = H(y) isn’t computationally feasible.
Hash values are ……
References
References
Fang, J., Jiang, Z. L., Yiu, S. M., & Hui, L. C. (2011). An efficient scheme for hard disk integrity check-in digital forensics by hashing with combinatorial group testing. International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications.
Kaya, M., & Eris, M. (2017). Hash-based block matching for digital evidence image files from forensic software tools. World Academy of Science, Engineering, and Technology, International Journal of Computer, Electrical, Automation, Control and Information Engineering, 11(10), 1068-1071.
Kumar, K., Sofat, S., Jain, S. K., & Aggarwal, N. (2012). SIGNIFICANCE of hash value generation in digital forensic: A case study. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 2(5), 64-70.
Netherlands Forensic Institute, (2018a). Technical Supplement Forensic Use of Hash Values and Associated Hash Algorithms. Ministry of Justice and security.
Rasjid, Z. E., Soewito, B., Witjaksono, G., & Abdurachman, E. (2017). A review of collisions in cryptographic hash function used in digital forensic tools. Procedia computer science, 116, 381-392.
Study Document
1864 And Grant S Union Military Strategy
… access to critical supplies like food and armaments; Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation of slaves in the Confederate states, which resulted in a flood of freed African-Americans to the Union side, was an example of how his political support could act as a……
References
References
Brooks, R. (2017). What were the major strategies of the Civil War? Civil War Saga. Retrieved from: http://civilwarsaga.com/civil-war-strategies/
Pearlman, M. (2016). Union at risk: How Lincoln and Grant nearly lost the war in 1864. Civil War Times. Retrieved from: https://www.historynet.com/the-union-at-risk-how-lincoln-and-grant-nearly-lost-the-war- in-1864.htm
Study Document
Bell Hooks On Mass Media
...Free Cultural Criticism
Bell hooks notes that “popular culture is where the pedagogy is, is where the learning is” (2006). This statement sums up her views rather well and gets right to the heart of what hooks is up to in her Cultural Criticism and Transformation talks. I agree a lot with what hooks says about popular culture and it lines up well with what cultural critics in the past have said. The Frankfurt School, for example, was very critical of popular culture and its effect on the mass of people. Horkheimer and Adorno (1944) were very critical about what popular culture was doing and how it was achieving a kind of hypnotic effect on people.
However, I tend to be a bit more traditional in my thinking when it comes to roles and I think having clearly defined gender roles in society is not a bad thing at all. I……
References
References
Bell hooks. (2006). Cultural criticism and transformation. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQUuHFKP-9s
Bendix, R. (1974). Inequality and social structure: a comparison of Marx and Weber. American Sociological Review, 149-161.
Horkheimer, M. & T. Adorno, T. (1944). The Culture Industry. UK: Routledge
Study Document
Constitutional Rights And Administrative Goals
… process to administrative appeals and the right to have access to the parole process. They also have an 8th Amendment right to be free from the abuse of cruel and unusual punishment. This one is especially important, as there are some prisons, such as the ones in ……
References
References
Compton, M. T., Anderson, S., Broussard, B., Ellis, S., Halpern, B., Pauselli, L., . . . Johnson, M. (2017). A potential new form of jail diversion and reconnection to mental health services: II. Demonstration of feasibility. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 35(5–6), 492–500. doi:10.1002/bsl.2319
Oaks, D. H. (1965). Habeas corpus in the states: 1776-1865. The University of Chicago Law Review, 32(2), 243-288.
Richmond, C. (2015). Toward a More Constitutional Approach to Solitary Confinement: The Case for Reform. Harv. J. on Legis., 52, 1.
Stojkovic, S., & Lovell, R. (2019). Corrections: An introduction (2nd Ed.). Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu
UPI. (2018). Justice Department: Alabama prisons may violate 8th Amendment. Retrieved from https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2019/04/03/Justice-Department-Alabama-prisons-may-violate-8th-Amendment/8921554309036/
Study Document
Gun Control Act Of 1968
… also against the supreme law of the land. As per the Second Amendment: “a well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed” (Hayes, 2016, p. 33). There have been several ……
References
References
Ausman, J.I. & Faria, M.A. (2019). Is Gun Control Really About People Control? Surgical Neurology International, 10(6), 195-204.
Bouton, L., Conconi, P., Pino, F. & Zanardi, M. (2014). Guns and Votes. Retrieved from https://www.nber.org/papers/w20253
Cole, G.F., Smith, C.E. & DeJong, C. (2016). Criminal Justice in America (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Gramlich, J. & Schaeffer, K. (2019). 7 facts about guns in the U.S. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/10/22/facts-about-guns-in-united-states/
Hayes, V. (2016). Gun Control in the United States. Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs, 4(2), 33-39.
Johnson, N.J., Kopel, D.B. & Mocsary, G.A. (2017). Firearms Law and the Second Amendment: Regulation, Rights, and Policy. New York, NY: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business.
Joslyn, M., Haider-Markel, D., Baggs, M. & Bilbo, A. (2017). Emerging Political Identities? Gun Ownership and Voting in Presidential Elections. Social Science Quarterly, 98(2), 382-396.
Webster, D.W. & Wintemute, G.J. (2015). Effects of Policies Designed to Keep Firearms from High-Risk Individuals. Annual Review of Public Health, 36, 21-37.
Study Document
Volkswagen Emissions Fraud
...Free Decisions Influenced by Bias
Volkswagen produced vehicles that were equipped with emissions controls that were designed to shut off once the cars had passed regulatory tests. As s result, not only did the cars pollute more in real life than in those tests, but the company benefitted from these tests financially, because they showed that diesel engines were less polluting than gasoline ones. The result was misleading the public, making the company eligible for subsidies that gave it competitive benefit, and misleading the public, as many people may have chosen to buy a Volkswagen in part based on the emissions performance of the vehicles (Parloff, 2018).
Biases at Play
There were a few different biases at play in the Volkswagen case that can be unpacked. The first of these is the bias towards the optimal motivations of executive action. The company’s senior executive at the time, Martin Winterkorn, was aware……
References
References
Ganti, A. (2019) Rationcal choice theory. Investopedia. Retrieved January 18, 2020 from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/rational-choice-theory.asp
Palmiter, A. (no date). Corporate governance as moral psychology. In possession of the author.
Parloff, R. (2018) How VW paid $25 billion for dieselgate – and got off easy. Business Ethics. Retrieved January 18, 2020 from https://business-ethics.com/2018/02/08/1638-how-vw-paid-25-billion-for-dieselgate-and-got-off-easy/
Smith, A. (2018) Volkswagen ex-CEO charged with fraud in diesel emissions scandal. CNN. Retrieved January 18, 2020 from https://money.cnn.com/2018/05/03/news/companies/winterkorn-vw-diesel-scandal/index.html
Study Document
Pros And Cons GMO Farming
… to say that there are some jurisdictions where GM crop production happens to be higher in comparison to others. At present, the largest GM-free zone happens to be Russia. In most cases, policy decisions regarding the production of GM crops originate from political assertions and public perceptions.
……
References
Works Cited
Bawa, Arya and Anilakumar, Kalkin. Genetically modified foods: Safety, risks and public concerns—a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology 50.6 (2013): 1035–1046.
James, Clive. Global status of commercialized biotech/GM crops: 2014 - ISAAA Brief No. 49. Ithaca: NY, 2015.
James, Clive. Global status of commercialized biotech/GM crops: 2013 - ISAAA Brief No. 49. Ithaca: NY, 2014.
Key, Suzie, Julian K-C Ma, and Pascal MW Drake. “Genetically modified plants and human health.” Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 101.2 (2008): 290–298.
Lucht, Johnson M. Public acceptance of plant biotechnology and GM crops. Viruses 7.8 (2015): 4254–4281.
Ramaswami, Bharat, Carl E. Pray, and Natham Lalitha, N. “The spread of illegal transgenic cotton varieties in India: Biosafety regulation, monopoly, and enforcement.” World Development 40.1 (2012): 177–188.
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