Evidence Based Medicine Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Traditional Medicine Usage In African Nations
...Evidence based medicine Overview of Africa’s Post-Conflict History
Historical Formal Institutions
Colonial legacies persist in Africa in spite of a post-colonial era (Austin, 2010). These legacies have continued in post-conflict Africa’s history. In Africa, there has been no real unifying factor bringing individuals together, primarily because of the communal aspect of society throughout the continent. Community exists and can be found everywhere in Africa. Structural, dramaturgic and institutional factors in formal institutionalization in Africa of health care has come about as a result of investment, development, and political stability (Ratcliffe, 2013). The relationship among cultural traditions, laws of society, and the symbolic boundaries have served to create the structural meanings behind formal institutions; the expressive dimension, communicative properties and interaction of these elements have made up the dramaturgic, and the actors and organizations themselves have manifested the institutional. An example of this can be seen in Nigeria.
Structurally, dramaturgically and institutionally, Africa has……
References
References
Afro-centric Alliance, A. (2001). Indigenisingorganizational change: Localisation in Tanzania and Malawi. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16(1), 59-78.
Asiseh, F., Owusu, A., & Quaicoe, O. (2017). An analysis of family dynamics on high school adolescent risky behaviors in Ghana. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 26(5), 425-431.
Austin, G. (2010). African economic development and colonial legacies (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 11-32). Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement.
Brager, G., Specht, H., Torczyner, J. L., &Torczyner, J. (1987). Community organizing. Columbia University Press.
Bratton, M., & Van de Walle, N. (1997). Democratic experiments in Africa: Regime transitions in comparative perspective. Cambridge university press.
Burnham, G. M., Pariyo, G., Galiwango, E., & Wabwire-Mangen, F. (2004). Discontinuation of cost sharing in Uganda. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82, 187-195.
Dillard, C., Duncan, K. L., & Johnson, L. (2017). Black History Full Circle: Lessons from a Ghana Study Abroad in Education Program. Social Education, 81(1), 50-53.
Ehui, S. (2020). Protecting food security in Africa. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2020/05/14/protecting-food-security-in-africa-during-covid-19/
Study Document
Psychological Health
evidence-based Programs and Practices in psychological health
Introduction
Numerous years of research and studies in clinical psychology have illustrated that how individuals process received … and data processing that might underpin unhelpful disease representation and manipulate health behaviors. Therefore, this paper is a study that aims to review evidence-based practices and programs within psychological health via literature review on various studies that exist on this matter.
Background
When it comes to the … two-step procedure was utilized for this review. Firstly, a keyword search was carried out to identify any relevant studies. The used keywords were “evidence-based psychology practice,” evidence-based cognitive biases,” “evidence-based psychology health,” and “evidence-based psychological interventions.” A thorough cross-search was also carried out using different keyword combinations via the EBSCO database of research, which allowed for the … stage two, every identified reference was screened following two standards: First, the research had to be empirically founded and……
References
References
Australian Psychological Society. (2010). Evidence?based psychological interventions in the treatment of mental disorders: A literature review. Victoria: Australian Psychological Association.
Barth, J., Munder, T., Gerger, H., Nüesch, E., Trelle, S., Znoj, H., ... & Cuijpers, P. (2016). Comparative efficacy of seven psychotherapeutic interventions for patients with depression: a network meta-analysis. Focus, 14(2), 229-243.
Castelnuovo, G. (2017). New and old adventures of clinical health psychology in the twenty-first century: standing on the shoulders of giants. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1214.
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive therapy and research, 36(5), 427-440.
Hughes, A. M., Gordon, R., Chalder, T., Hirsch, C. R., & Moss?Morris, R. (2016). Maximizing the potential impact of experimental research into cognitive processes in health psychology: A systematic approach to material development. British journal of health psychology, 21(4), 764-780.
Kirkham, J. G., Choi, N., & Seitz, D. P. (2016). Meta?analysis of problem solving therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder in older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(5), 526-535.
Lenz, A. S., Hall, J., & Bailey Smith, L. (2016). Meta-analysis of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for decreasing symptoms of acute depression. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 41(1), 44-70.
Linde, K., Rücker, G., Sigterman, K., Jamil, S., Meissner, K., Schneider, A., & Kriston, L. (2015). Comparative effectiveness of psychological treatments for depressive disorders in primary care: network meta-analysis. BMC family practice, 16(1), 103.
Study Document
Developing A Research Hypothesis
… in framing a research question. Finally, it assesses the characteristics of a peer-reviewed article on urinary tract infections.
Part 1
EBM, shorthand for evidence-based Medicine, is a core aspect of the medical profession. EBM provides statistical analyses and matters of clinical concern. It is based on research, reading, analysis, and combining many papers generated within the medical fraternity. EBM applications based on research evidence and clinical knowledge and reviews of the system go a long way in improving clinical decisions. Usually, the PICO guideline is applied in … a question is formed properly, the researcher is placed in a better situation to run studies and dig into the available literature for evidence that will anchor their PICO question (Eriksen & Frandsen, 2018).
Although there are other models, including SPIDER, SPICE, sample, design evaluation, and the … intervention measure, and outcomes linked to the care extended to the patient (Eriksen……
References
References
Considine, J., Shaban, R. Z., Fry, M., & Curtis, K. (2017). Evidence-based emergency nursing: designing a research question and searching the literature. International emergency nursing, 32, 78-82.
Eriksen, M. B., & Frandsen, T. F. (2018). The impact of patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) as a search strategy tool on literature search quality: a systematic review. Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA, 106(4), 420.
Yuan, X., Xiaoli, L., Shilei, L., Qinwen, S., & Ke, L. (2019, May). Extracting PICO elements from RCT abstracts using 1-2gram analysis and multitask classification. In Proceedings of the third International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics 2019 (pp. 194-199).
Scells, H., Zuccon, G., Koopman, B., Deacon, A., Azzopardi, L., &Geva, S. (2017, November). Integrating the framing of clinical questions via PICO into the retrieval of medical literature for systematic reviews. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (pp. 2291-2294).
Basmaci, R., Vazouras, K., Bielicki, J., Folgori, L., Hsia, Y., Zaoutis, T., &Sharland, M. (2017). Urinary tract infection antibiotic trial study design: a systematic review. Pediatrics, 140(6).
Misra, D. P., & Agarwal, V. (2018). Systematic reviews: challenges for their justification, related comprehensive searches, and implications. Journal of Korean medical science, 33(12).
Belcher, B. M., Rasmussen, K. E., Kemshaw, M. R., &Zornes, D. A. (2016). Defining and assessing research quality in a transdisciplinary context. Research Evaluation, 25(1), 1-17.
Fu, D. Y., & Hughey, J. J. (2019). Meta-Research: Releasing a preprint is associated with more attention and citations for the peer-reviewed article. Elife, 8, e52646.
Study Document
Safety Of SSRI Drug Fluoxetine
Summarizing a Research Article
Research Question
The research question for the article by Rossi, Barraco and Donda (2004) was based on the fact that there had been no review of the meta-analyses published on Fluoxetine. Fluoxetine is an important drug that was developed … disappeared after two weeks. The authors used this information to conclude that fluoxetine was better than other drugs on the market.
Key Implications
based on the findings of the meta-analysis, the authors imply that fluoxetine is effective at treating depression and is safer than other drugs when … and is safer than other drugs when it comes to the issue of overdosage. However, the researchers found that the most effective dosage, based on the literature, was the lower one at 20 mg/die. This means that in order to provide the best pharmacological intervention for depressed ……
References
References
Rossi, A., Barraco, A., & Donda, P. (2004). Fluoxetine: a review on evidence based medicine. Annals of General Hospital Psychiatry, 3(1), 2.
Study Document
Urinary Tract Infection And Osteoporosis In Women
…
Traditional treatment option for urinary tract infections in women has involved the use of antibiotics while non-traditional treatment options include complementary and alternative medicine. Traditional and non-traditional treatment options for this condition are similar in the sense that they involve the use of some form of medication. … the sense that they involve the use of some form of medication. While traditional treatment mostly entails use of antibiotics, complementary and alternative medicine include use of homeopathic products (Baars et al., 2019). In addition traditional and non-traditional treatment options focus on enhancing the health of the … non-traditional treatment options focus on enhancing the health of the patient. However, these conditions differ with respect to drug resistance as there is evidence of increased resistance to antibiotics by the primary cause of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women. On the contrary, homeopathic products in non-traditional … recovery and helps to avoid……
References
References
Baars et al. (2019, February 3). The Contribution of Complementary and Alternative Medicine to Reduce Antibiotic Use: A Narrative Review of Health Concepts, Prevention, and Treatment Strategies. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 1-29. doi: 10.1155/2019/5365608
Carbone et al. (2015, November). Urinary Tract Stones and Osteoporosis: Findings From the Women’s Health Initiative. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30(11), 2096-2102.
Eells, S.J., Bharadwa, K., McKinnell, J.A. & Miller, L.G. (2014, January 15). Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections Among Women: Comparative Effectiveness of 5 Prevention and Management Strategies Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo Model. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 58(2), 147-160.
Harvard Health Publishing. (2017, May). Urinary Tract Infection in Women. Retrieved from Harvard Medical School website: https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/urinary-tract-infection-in-women-a-to-z
Khadilkar, A. & Mandlik, R.M. (2015). Epidemiology and Treatment of Osteoporosis in Women: An Indian Perspective. International Journal of Women’s Health, 7, 841-850.
Tian et al. (2017, October). Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Related Lifestyle and Metabolic Factors of Postmenopausal Women and Elderl Men. Medicine, 96(43), doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008294
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (2018, June 26). Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures – U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA, 319(24), 2521-2531.
Study Document
PTSD And Bipolar Mental Health
… Cheah, & Safii, 2018). Mental health issues such as posttraumatic stress disorder can be confusing and frightening for a family, and using traditional medicine may be comforting to people like Jeanette’s mother. It may also be less traumatic to think of her daughter as cursed rather than … posttraumatic stress is a neurobiological issue as well as a mental health issue. Its symptoms can be extremely severe and involve unlearning ingrained fear-based responses. “PTSD was found to be associated with deficits in fear extinction, increased generalization of fear, and a negative bias of viewing threat … acceptable to her, combining what may need to be an adjusted medication schedule along with a form of therapy that is supported with evidence-based research to suit the needs of a bipolar patient. Involving Julie’s partner, with Julie’s consent, may also be useful to assume more of ……
References
References
Abdallah, C. G., Averill, L. A., Akiki, T. J., Raza, M., Averill, C. L., Gomaa, H., Adikey, A., & Krystal, J. H. (2019). The neurobiology and pharmacotherapy of posttraumatic stress disorder. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 59, 171–189. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6326888/
Bipolar disorder. (2020). NIH. Retrieved from: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml
Kelak, J. A., Cheah, W. L., & Safii, R. (2018). Patient’s decision to disclose the use of traditional and complementary medicine to medical doctor: A descriptive phenomenology study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5832099/
Salagre, E., Dodd, S., Aedo, A., Rosa, A., Amoretti, S., Pinzon, J., Reinares, M., Berk, M., Kapczinski, F. P., Vieta, E., & Grande, I. (2018). Toward precision psychiatry in bipolar Disorder: Staging 2.0. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 641. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6282906/
Study Document
Music Therapy And Aging
… of old age that could result in premature death. Additionally, the study is expected to demonstrate the effectiveness of music therapy as an evidence-based intervention that improves the quality of life. To achieve the purpose of the study, a randomized controlled trial with a pretest-posttest research design … peer-reviewed journals on this topic to establish a foundation for the study. The proposed project will help to develop a substantive theory and evidence-based approach to deal with frailties in old age.
Music Therapy and Aging
Death is an experience that every individual goes through. For the … The project findings will also be compared to existing literature published in peer-reviewed journals, which will be referenced using the MLA citation style.
evidence of Learning
The study is expected to demonstrate the widespread applicability of music therapy interventions to non-clinical settings for the aging population. Therefore, … Learning
The study is expected……
References
Works Cited
Bitting, Sara. “An Overview on Death and Dying Including Cultural Influences Within the Major NonWhite Populations of the United States.” Baylor University, Baylor University, May 2014, https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/2104/9001/Overview%20on%20Death%20and%20Dying.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y .
Braun , Kathryn L., and Rhea Nichols. “Death And Dying In Four Asian American Cultures: A Descriptive Study.” Death Studies, vol. 21, no. 4, 2010, pp. 327–359., doi:10.1080/074811897201877.
Gire, James T. “How Death Imitates Life: Cultural Influences on Conceptions of Death and Dying.” Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, vol. 6, no. 2, 1 Dec. 2014, pp. 3–22., doi: https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1120 .
Pentaris, Panagiotis. “Culture and Death: A Multicultural Perspective.” Hawaii Pacific Journal of Social Work Practice, vol. 4, no. 1, May 2011, pp. 45–84.
Pentaris, Panagiotis. “The Cultural Context of Dying: Hawai’Ian Death Conceptions and The Gender Divide.” Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, vol. 6, no. 4, Nov. 2018, pp. 104–111.
Study Document
Effectiveness Of In Home Monitoring Of CHF Patients
… failure (CHF) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases with high global incidence and prevalence in the United States. While numerous advances in evidence-based medical therapy continues to occur, congestive heart failure remains a major problem as it results in significant burden of mortality, morbidity, and costs. … heart failure. Literature has shown that early diagnosis and treatment is not entirely effective in management of the condition and reducing rehospitalization. Recent evidence shows that approaches like in-home monitoring would play a critical role in lessening hospital admission and readmissions for CHF. Therefore, does in-home monitoring … impact of in-home monitoring for CHF on reduction of rehospitalization.
PICO Question
Identifying the PICO question is the first important step in this evidence-based, quality improvement project. The problem (P) determined in the paper is the effect of home-based monitoring on the rate of re-admission of CHF-diagnosed individuals. The intervention (I) is in-home……
References
References
Bashi, N., Karunanithi, M., Fatehi, F., Ding, H. & Walters, D. (2017, January). Remote Monitoring of Patients with Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(1). DOI: 10.2196/jmir.6571
Conn, N.J., Schwarz, K.Q. & Borkholder, D.A. (2019). In-Home Cardiovascular Monitoring System for Heart Failure: Comparative Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 7(1). DOI: 10.2196/12419
Gonzalo, A. (2019, August 22). Nola Pender: Health Promotion Model. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://nurseslabs.com/nola-pender-health-promotion-model/
Idris, S., Degheim, G., Ghalayini, W., Larsen, T.R., Nejad, D. & David, S. (2015). Home Telemedicine in Heart Failure: A Pilot Study of Integrated Telemonitoring and Virtual Provider Appointments. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine, 16(2), 156-162.
Khodaveisi, M., Omidi, A., Farokhi, S. & Soltanian, A.R. (2017, April). The Effect of Pender’s Health Promotion Model in Improving the Nutritional Behavior of Overweight and Obese Women. International Journal of Community-based Nursing and Midwifery, 5(2), 165-174.
Kohn, M. S., Haggard, J., Kreindler, J., Birkeland, K., Kedan, L., Zimmer, R., & Khandwalla, R. (2017). Implementation of a home monitoring system for heart failure patients: A feasibility study. JMIR Res Protoc, 6(3). DOI: 10.2196/resprot.5744
Martirosyan, M., Caliskan, K., Theuns, D., & Szili-Torok, T. (2017). Remote monitoring of heart failure: Benefits for therapeutic decision making. Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 15(7), 503-515. DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2017.1348229
Ong et al. (2016, March). Effectiveness of Remote Patient Monitoring After Discharge of Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure. JAMA Internal Medicine, 176(3), 310-318.
Study Document
CDC Guideline For Prescribing Opioids For Chronic Pain
… the year 1999 to 2014, the number of prescription opioids in the USA quadrupled. However, even with such an increase, there was no evidence of a reduction of pain the patients experienced. Instead, the number of deaths that resulted from overdoses of opioids increased in the same … with the lowest effective dosage when starting to administer opioids. Caution must be exercised at any dosage. The benefits should be documented, with evidence, carefully, as the opioids are administered. The risks should also be documented if and when the dosage is increased?50 MME, and increasing dosage … benzodiazepine.
The above practice should be avoided as much as possible.
5. Subject patients to Opioid use disorder treatment
Medication-assisted treatment or other evidence-based treatment should be offered to patients with complicated drug traces in their system or those with opioid use disorder or those with chronic ……
References
References
Breuer, B., Cruciani, R., & Portenoy, R. K. (2010). Pain management by primary care physicians, pain physicians, chiropractors, and acupuncturists: a national survey. Southern Medical Journal, 103(8), 738-747.
CDC, (2016). CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain. Center for Preparedness and Response (CPR).
Cheatle, M. D., & Savage, S. R. (2012). Informed consent in opioid therapy: a potential obligation and opportunity. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 44(1), 105-116.
Dowell, D., Haegerich, T. M., & Chou, R. (2016). CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain—the United States, 2016. Jama, 315(15), 1624-1645.
Hudspeth, R. S. (2016). Standards of care for opioid prescribing: What every APRN prescriber and investigator need to know. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 7(1), 15-20.
Study Document
Clinical Informatics
… is recorded and shared, and how health care is delivered. This paper will discuss clinical informatics concepts emerging in the 21st century, what evidence-based practice (EBP) shows with respect to clinical informatics, how the law figures into this issue with respect to HIPAA, privacy/confidentiality and security issues; … health literacy. Technology thus has advantages that can be used to encourage the EBP of promoting health literacy as a means of preventive medicine. Still, this requires an informatics competency that is not as of yet being standardized in nurse education.
Nurses using clinical informatics still have … than try a wide range of tests. To that end, EMR can help in the process of determining what tests should be conducted based on the information within the EMR. As software can be programmed to check for parameters that will then indicate which tests should be … to be able to sift……
References
References
Cho, O. M., Kim, H., Lee, Y. W., & Cho, I. (2016). Clinical alarms in intensive care units: Perceived obstacles of alarm management and alarm fatigue in nurses. Healthcare informatics research, 22(1), 46-53.
Effken, J., Weaver, C., Cochran, K., Androwich, I., & O’Brien, A. (2016). Toward a central repository for sharing nursing informatics’ best practices. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 34(6), 245-246.
Elsayed, W. A., Hussein, F. M., & Othman, W. N. (2017). Relation between nursing informatics competency and nurses’ attitude toward evidence-based practice among qualified nurses at Mansoura Oncology Center. International Journal of Nursing Didactics, 7(6), 26-33.
Drolet, B. C., Marwaha, J. S., Hyatt, B., Blazar, P. E., & Lifchez, S. D. (2017). Electronic communication of protected health information: privacy, security, and HIPAA compliance. The Journal of hand surgery, 42(6), 411-416.
Haupeltshofer, A., Egerer, V., & Seeling, S. (2020). Promoting health literacy: What potential does nursing informatics offer to support older adults in the use of technology? A scoping review. Health Informatics Journal, 1460458220933417.
Kharbanda, E. O., Asche, S. E., Sinaiko, A. R., Ekstrom, H. L., Nordin, J. D., Sherwood, N. E., & O’Connor, P. (2018). Clinical decision support for recognition and management of hypertension: a randomized trial. Pediatrics, 141(2).
Khezri, H., & Abdekhoda, M. (2019). Assessing nurses’ informatics competency and identifying its related factors. Journal of Research in Nursing, 24(7), 529-538.
Kleib, M., & Nagle, L. (2018). Factors associated with Canadian nurses\\\\\\\\\\\\' informatics competency. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 36(8), 406-415.
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