Clinical Research Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Urinary Tract Infection And Osteoporosis In Women
… treatment that exceed $2.46 billion each year (Eells et al., 2014). In addition, recurrent urinary tract infections have become a major problem in clinical practice. On the other hand, osteoporosis is a major contributor of common metabolic diseases and the major cause of mortality and morbidity in … approaches differ in the sense that traditional treatment options use medication while nontraditional options promote management of the condition without using medication. Secondly, clinical and evidence-based practice exist to support the effectiveness of traditional options while there is no clinical significant evidence on the effectiveness of non-traditional treatment options for osteoporosis.
Collaboration with other Clinicians
Given the complexities associated with the two conditions, ……
References
References
Baars et al. (2019, February 3). The Contribution of Complementary and Alternative Medicine to Reduce Antibiotic Use: A Narrative Review of Health Concepts, Prevention, and Treatment Strategies. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 1-29. doi: 10.1155/2019/5365608
Carbone et al. (2015, November). Urinary Tract Stones and Osteoporosis: Findings From the Women’s Health Initiative. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30(11), 2096-2102.
Eells, S.J., Bharadwa, K., McKinnell, J.A. & Miller, L.G. (2014, January 15). Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections Among Women: Comparative Effectiveness of 5 Prevention and Management Strategies Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo Model. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 58(2), 147-160.
Harvard Health Publishing. (2017, May). Urinary Tract Infection in Women. Retrieved from Harvard Medical School website: https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/urinary-tract-infection-in-women-a-to-z
Khadilkar, A. & Mandlik, R.M. (2015). Epidemiology and Treatment of Osteoporosis in Women: An Indian Perspective. International Journal of Women’s Health, 7, 841-850.
Tian et al. (2017, October). Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Related Lifestyle and Metabolic Factors of Postmenopausal Women and Elderl Men. Medicine, 96(43), doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008294
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (2018, June 26). Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures – U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA, 319(24), 2521-2531.
Study Document
Psychological Health
Evidence-Based Programs and Practices in psychological health
Introduction
Numerous years of research and studies in clinical psychology have illustrated that how individuals process received information, particularly with an attentional bias (AB) to scary information as well as bias in … cognitive-behavioral therapy. Skills training (such as anger management, stress management, and social skills training) is another vital CBT element (Hofmann et al., 2012).
research method
A two-step procedure was utilized for this review. Firstly, a keyword search was carried out to identify any relevant studies. The used … “evidence-based psychology health,” and “evidence-based psychological interventions.” A thorough cross-search was also carried out using different keyword combinations via the EBSCO database of research, which allowed for the simultaneous such of several databases, like Alt Healthwatch, Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PsycArticles among others. Additionally, … allowed for the simultaneous such of several databases, like Alt Healthwatch, Academic Search Premier,……
References
References
Australian Psychological Society. (2010). Evidence?based psychological interventions in the treatment of mental disorders: A literature review. Victoria: Australian Psychological Association.
Barth, J., Munder, T., Gerger, H., Nüesch, E., Trelle, S., Znoj, H., ... & Cuijpers, P. (2016). Comparative efficacy of seven psychotherapeutic interventions for patients with depression: a network meta-analysis. Focus, 14(2), 229-243.
Castelnuovo, G. (2017). New and old adventures of clinical health psychology in the twenty-first century: standing on the shoulders of giants. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1214.
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive therapy and research, 36(5), 427-440.
Hughes, A. M., Gordon, R., Chalder, T., Hirsch, C. R., & Moss?Morris, R. (2016). Maximizing the potential impact of experimental research into cognitive processes in health psychology: A systematic approach to material development. British journal of health psychology, 21(4), 764-780.
Kirkham, J. G., Choi, N., & Seitz, D. P. (2016). Meta?analysis of problem solving therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder in older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(5), 526-535.
Lenz, A. S., Hall, J., & Bailey Smith, L. (2016). Meta-analysis of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for decreasing symptoms of acute depression. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 41(1), 44-70.
Linde, K., Rücker, G., Sigterman, K., Jamil, S., Meissner, K., Schneider, A., & Kriston, L. (2015). Comparative effectiveness of psychological treatments for depressive disorders in primary care: network meta-analysis. BMC family practice, 16(1), 103.
Study Document
Management Of Type 2 Diabetes Literature Review
… adherence to medication in a period of four months. This section is a literature review that analysis eight literature materials.
A comparison of research questions
In all the articles, the research questions incorporate the aspect of nonadherence to medication/management strategies, however, there are varying aspects in the details of each research question. In Costa et al. (2015), the study focused on chronic diseases in general, and not specifically on T2D. In Whitehead et al. … is not led by nurses and it not only limited to T2D but also includes mental health. Guo et al. (2019) have a research question that is not clear on whether the intervention sought to affect medication adherence. In the research by Supachaipanichpong et al. (2018), the intervention was education, which is not stated on whether it is nurse-led. On the other hand, Sapkota … is no intervention included. While behavior change in Balducci……
References
References
Balducci, S., D’Errico, V., Haxhi, J., Sacchetti, M., Orlando, G., Cardelli, P., ... & Lucisano, G. (2019). Effect of a Behavioral Intervention Strategy on Sustained Change in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The IDES_2 Randomized Clinical Trial. Jama, 321(9), 880-890.
Costa, E., Giardini, A., Savin, M., Menditto, E., Lehane, E., Laosa, O., ... & Marengoni, A. (2015). Interventional tools to improve medication adherence: review of literature. Patient preference and adherence, 9, 1303.
Guo, Z., Liu, J., Zeng, H., He, G., Ren, X., & Guo, J. (2019). Feasibility and efficacy of nurse-led team management intervention for improving the self-management of type 2 diabetes patients in a Chinese community: a randomized controlled trial. Patient preference and adherence, 13, 1353.
Johansen, M. Y., MacDonald, C. S., Hansen, K. B., Karstoft, K., Christensen, R., Pedersen, M., ... & Iepsen, U. W. (2017). Effect of an intensive lifestyle intervention on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 318(7), 637-646.
Mohd, M. M. A. H., Phung, H., Sun, J., & Morisky, D. E. (2016). Improving adherence to medication in adults with diabetes in the United Arab Emirates. BMC public health, 16(1), 857.
Sapkota, S., Brien, J. A., Greenfield, J., & Aslani, P. (2015). A systematic review of interventions addressing adherence to anti-diabetic medications in patients with type 2 diabetes—impact on adherence. PloS one, 10(2), e0118296.
Supachaipanichpong, P., Vatanasomboon, P., Tansakul, S., & Chumchuen, P. (2018). An Education Intervention for Medication Adherence in Uncontrolled Diabetes in Thailand. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 22(2), 144-155.
Whitehead, L. C., Crowe, M. T., Carter, J. D., Maskill, V. R., Carlyle, D., Bugge, C., & Frampton, C. M. (2017). A nurse?led education and cognitive behaviour therapy?based intervention among adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, 23(4), 821-829.
Study Document
Mayo Clinic Governance And Structure
… Horace Mayo, Augustus Stinchfield, Christopher Graham, Henry Stanley Plummer, Melvin Millet, Star Judd, and Donald Balfour. Mayo Clinic is focused on offering integrated clinical practice, research, and education (Swensen, Gorringe, Caviness, & Peters, 2016). Currently, the organization employs 65,000 employees of these about 6,600 are physicians and scientists and … and World Report has ranked Mayo Clinic #1. Mayo Clinic has developed numerous medical and surgical specialties including heart and lung surgery, cancer research, and laboratory techniques. All these have resulted in two of its staff members being awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology in …
Mayo Clinic's mission is to inspire hope and contribute to health and well-being by providing the best care to every patient through integrated clinical practice, research, and education. The needs of the patient come first at Mayo Clinic. The majority of the patient who visits Mayo Clinic are referrals … others……
References
References
Helmers, R. A., Gabrielson, S. R., & Harper, M. M. (2016). Developing a new governance structure: the Mayo Clinic experience. Physician leadership journal, 3(3), 40-46.
Helmers, R. A., & Harper, C. M. (2019). The mayo clinic model of clinical integration. Paper presented at the Healthcare.
Jensen, M. C., & Heckling, W. H. (1995). Specific and general knowledge, and organizational structure. Journal of applied corporate finance, 8(2), 4-18.
Peterson, K. S., & Morris, B. C. (2019). Creating synergy between academia and practice: the Arizona State University and Mayo Clinic Arizona model. Journal of Professional Nursing, 35(4), 305-313.
Swensen, S., Gorringe, G., Caviness, J., & Peters, D. (2016). Leadership by design: intentional organization development of physician leaders. Journal of management development.
Study Document
Carl Rogers The Ideal Self And Animal Therapy
… based on consistent scientific evidence providing proof that the practice improves client/patient outcomes. The practice should be supported by sufficient documentation and peer-reviewed research that shows its effectiveness (Operational Definition for Evidence-Based Practices Addictions and Mental Health Division, 2017).
Programs draw from theory in that the theoretical … effectiveness (Operational Definition for Evidence-Based Practices Addictions and Mental Health Division, 2017).
Programs draw from theory in that the theoretical framework developed by research and professionals serve as a set of parameters or guidelines for how to interpret evidence and how to implement the recommendations based on … allows the data to be put into perspective, and that perspective is defined by the theory or theories that are used in the research.
In the field of addiction, there are numerous evidence based theories: behavioral theories, pharmacological theories, psychotherapeutic theories, and so on. Each theory has … of addiction, there are numerous……
References
References
Asen, E. & Fonagy, P (2012) Handbook of Mentalizing in Mental Health Practice. Washington DC.
Kern-Godal, A., Arnevik, E. A., Walderhaug, E., &Ravndal, E. (2015). Substance use disorder treatment retention and completion: a prospective study of horse-assisted therapy (HAT) for young adults. Addiction science & clinical practice, 10(1), 21.
Rogers, C. (1951). Client-Centered Therapy. MA: Riverside Press. Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology. (2006). American Psychologist, May-June, 271-285.
Muela, A., Balluerka, N., Amiano, N., Caldentey, M. A., &Aliri, J. (2017). Animal-assisted psychotherapy for young people with behavioural problems in residential care. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24(6), O1485 O1494. doi: http://fir.tesu.edu:2074/10.1002/cpp.2112 " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
Separation Anxiety Disorder SAD
… under foster care. The paper includes an annotated bibliography and an evidence-based model recommending cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the given case. The research question for this paper is: how effective is CBT in the treatment of SAD among preschool children diagnosed with SAD? Based on the … CBT counseling program. The initial treatment goal for Chloe is to help her recognize her anxious feelings and physical responses.
Part 3: Applying research to a Case Study (Evidence-Based Practice)
Annotated Bibliography
Introduction
The manifestation of anxiety early in childhood is an indication of significant distress and … though SAD has an early onset, a favorable long-term prognosis, and high prevalence, the treatment of SAD in pediatric care settings remains significantly under-research. Cognitive Behavior Therapy is recommended as the best-suited intervention for the treatment of SAD (Ruocco, Gordon & McLean, 2016; Schneider et al., 2011). … female child, named Chloe, under……
References
References
Minde, K., Roy, J., Bezonsky, R., & Hashemi, A. (2010). The effectiveness of CBT in 3–7 year old anxious children: Preliminary data. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 19(2), 109.
Ruocco, S., Gordon, J., & McLean, L. A. (2016). Effectiveness of a school-based early intervention CBT group programme for children with anxiety aged 5–7 years. Advances in School Mental Health Promotion, 9(1), 29-49.
Schneider, S., Blatter-Meunier, J., Herren, C., Adornetto, C., In-Albon, T., & Lavallee, K. (2011). Disorder-specific cognitive-behavioral therapy for separation anxiety disorder in young children: a randomized waiting-list-controlled trial. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 80(4), 206-215.
Van der Sluis, C. M. (2016). Anxiety disorders in young children: Parent and child contributions to the maintenance, assessment and treatment. (Ph.D. Thesis, University of Amsterdam).
Study Document
Drug Abuse And Horse Assisted Therapy
...Clinical research Literature Review
As Masini (2010) shows, animal-assisted therapy can be quite useful in helping patients engaging in substance abuse treatment. Masini (2010) highlights the benefits of equine-assisted psychotherapy in particular, as do Hauge, Kvalem, Berget, Enders-Slegers & Braastad (2014), who note that engaging clients with horses can facilitate the perception of having a stronger social support. As social support is a necessary part to overcoming or battling substance abuse, the animal-assisted intervention can be seen as a positive influence (Birtel, Wood & Kempa, 2017; Muela, Balluerka, Amiano, Caldentey & Aliri, 2017).
Animal-assisted therapy can have a positive effect on engagement and retention of individuals in substance abuse treatment. Kelly and Cozzolino (2015), for example, have shown that at-risk youth have been aided by animal-assisted therapy in their attempts to overcome issues of substance abuse. Animal-assisted therapy represents a “goal-oriented adjunct to traditional therapy programs” (Kelly & Cozzolino, 2015, p. 421).……
References
References
Birtel, M. D., Wood, L., & Kempa, N. J. (2017). Stigma and social support in substance abuse: Implications for mental health and well-being. Psychiatry Research, 252, 1-8.
Contalbrigo, L., De Santis, M., Toson, M., Montanaro, M., Farina, L., Costa, A., & Nava,F. (2017). The efficacy of dog assisted therapy in detained drug users: A pilot study in an Italian attenuated custody institute. International journal of environmental research and public health, 14(7), 683.
Hauge, H., Kvalem, I. L., Berget, B., Enders-Slegers, M. J., & Braastad, B. O. (2014). Equine-assisted activities and the impact on perceived social support, self-esteem and self-efficacy among adolescents–an intervention study. International journal of adolescence and youth, 19(1), 1-21.
Kelly, M. A., & Cozzolino, C. A. (2015). Helping at-risk youth overcome trauma and substance abuse through animal-assisted therapy. Contemporary Justice Review, 18(4), 421-434.
Kern-Godal, A., Arnevik, E. A., Walderhaug, E., & Ravndal, E. (2015). Substance use disorder treatment retention and completion: a prospective study of horse-assisted therapy (HAT) for young adults. Addiction science & clinical practice, 10(1), 21.
Klemetsen, M. G., & Lindstrom, T. C. (2017). Animal-assisted therapy in the treatment of substance use disorders: A systematic mixed methods review. Human-Animal Interaction Bull, 5, 90-117.
Masini, A., PhD. (2010). Equine-assisted psychotherapy in clinical practice. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing & Mental Health Services, 48(10), 30-34. doi: http://fir.tesu.edu:2074/10.3928/02793695-20100831-08
Muela, A., Balluerka, N., Amiano, N., Caldentey, M. A., & Aliri, J. (2017). Animal-assisted psychotherapy for young people with behavioural problems in residential care. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24(6), O1485-O1494. doi: http://fir.tesu.edu:2074/10.1002/cpp.2112 " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
Disruptive Behaviors Of Students
… participants of the study. The two are, at present, enrolled in a behavioral support classroom setting. Neither has knowingly taken part in any research or been involved with self-monitoring or tactile prompt interventions. Both were enrolled in the very same class, require behavioral support, and suffer from … prompt interventions. Both were enrolled in the very same class, require behavioral support, and suffer from various disabilities.
Setting
The setting of the research was a self-contained classroom, with the two students referred for serious behavioral issues. Both took part in a behavioral support unit-developed token-economy points … laptop). Information gatherers observed subjects as discreetly as they could. For decreasing reactivity, observers observed lessons for several weeks before gathering information for research. All subject response opportunities were recorded on the information acquisition form, in addition to whether or not participant response was right. Right responses … was deemed by the observer……
References
References
Bailey, J. S., & Burch, M. R. (2018). Research methods in applied behavior analysis, 2nd edition. Routledge.
Barlow, D. H., Nock, M., & Hersen, M. (2009). Single case experimental designs: Strategies for studying behavior for change (No. Sirsi) i9780205474554).
Carr, J. E. (2005). Recommendations for reporting multiple?baseline designs across participants. Behavioral Interventions: Theory & Practice in Residential & Community?Based Clinical Programs, 20(3), 219-224.
Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heward W.L. (2020). Applied Behaviour Analysis (Third Edition). Pearson Education, Inc.
Petscher, E. S., & Bailey, J. S. (2006). Effects of training, prompting, and self?monitoring on staff behavior in a classroom for students with disabilities. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 39(2), 215-226.
Study Document
Effectiveness Of In Home Monitoring Of CHF Patients
...Clinical research How Does the Use of In-home Monitoring for CHF Impact Re-hospitalization Rates?
Impact on In-home Monitoring for CHF on Re-hospitalization Rates
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases with high global incidence and prevalence in the United States. While numerous advances in evidence-based medical therapy continues to occur, congestive heart failure remains a major problem as it results in significant burden of mortality, morbidity, and costs. The United States has a prevalence of 5.8 million individuals with the condition and more than 960,000 cases annually. It is estimated that approximately one million hospitalizations linked to congestive heart failure occur annually. Most of these hospitalizations arise from worsened congestion among already diagnosed patients. The United States spends approximately $32.7 billion on congestive heart failure annually. Martirosyan et al. (2017) states that readmission rates for this condition remain high as nearly 20% of patients are readmitted within 30……
References
References
Bashi, N., Karunanithi, M., Fatehi, F., Ding, H. & Walters, D. (2017, January). Remote Monitoring of Patients with Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(1). DOI: 10.2196/jmir.6571
Conn, N.J., Schwarz, K.Q. & Borkholder, D.A. (2019). In-Home Cardiovascular Monitoring System for Heart Failure: Comparative Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 7(1). DOI: 10.2196/12419
Gonzalo, A. (2019, August 22). Nola Pender: Health Promotion Model. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://nurseslabs.com/nola-pender-health-promotion-model/
Idris, S., Degheim, G., Ghalayini, W., Larsen, T.R., Nejad, D. & David, S. (2015). Home Telemedicine in Heart Failure: A Pilot Study of Integrated Telemonitoring and Virtual Provider Appointments. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine, 16(2), 156-162.
Khodaveisi, M., Omidi, A., Farokhi, S. & Soltanian, A.R. (2017, April). The Effect of Pender’s Health Promotion Model in Improving the Nutritional Behavior of Overweight and Obese Women. International Journal of Community-based Nursing and Midwifery, 5(2), 165-174.
Kohn, M. S., Haggard, J., Kreindler, J., Birkeland, K., Kedan, L., Zimmer, R., & Khandwalla, R. (2017). Implementation of a home monitoring system for heart failure patients: A feasibility study. JMIR Res Protoc, 6(3). DOI: 10.2196/resprot.5744
Martirosyan, M., Caliskan, K., Theuns, D., & Szili-Torok, T. (2017). Remote monitoring of heart failure: Benefits for therapeutic decision making. Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 15(7), 503-515. DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2017.1348229
Ong et al. (2016, March). Effectiveness of Remote Patient Monitoring After Discharge of Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure. JAMA Internal Medicine, 176(3), 310-318.
Study Document
Pediatric Nursing And Gastroenteritis
… their parents. They usually do not seek medical advice for the same. Even when parents seek such advice, healthcare personnel usually believe that clinical evaluation is what will portray the right picture. However, there may be cases when it is helpful to conduct a diagnosis. There is ……
References
References
Campos, M. C., Rodrigues, K. C. S., & Pinto, M. C. M. (2010). Evaluation of the behavior of the pre-school one just admitted in the unit of pediatrics and the use of the therapeutic toy. Einstein (São Paulo), 8(1), 10-17.
Caplin, D., & Cooper, M. (2007). Child development for inpatient medicine. In Comprehensive pediatric hospital medicine (pp. 1285-1292). Mosby.
Emde, R. N., & Harmon, R. J. (Eds.). (2012). Continuities and discontinuities in development. Springer Science & Business Media.
Hockenberry, M. J., & Wilson, D. (2019). Wong\\\\\\\\\\\\'s nursing care of infants and children E-book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Koukourikos, K., Tzeha, L., Pantelidou, P., & Tsaloglidou, A. (2015). The Importance of Play during Hospitalization of Children. Materia socio-medica, 27(6), 438–441. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2015.27.438-441
Li, W. H., Chung, J. O. K., Ho, K. Y., & Kwok, B. M. C. (2016). Play interventions to reduce anxiety and negative emotions in hospitalized children. BMC pediatrics, 16(1), 36.
National Collaborating Centre for Women\\\\\\\\\\\\'s and Children\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Health; UK. (2009). Diarrhea and vomiting caused by gastroenteritis: diagnosis, assessment, and management in children younger than 5 years.
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