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… cousin Barney emigrated here thirty years ago. There are many Irishmen and women in respectable positions. Many Irish also fought in the American civil war and attainted positions in government war. Being Irish is no longer a shame.
I counted myself very fortunate to find a position as a maid in the house of ……
Work Cited
Lynch-Brennan, M. (2009). The Irish Bridget: Irish immigrant women in domestic service in America, 1840-1930 (Irish Studies). Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press.
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… gone unnoticed—each soldier’s commitment is valued and in exchange the U.S. government ensures that each solder is taken care of upon returning to civil life; 2) it provides compensation, insurance and other benefits to veterans; 3) it supports them in pursuing educational opportunities; 4) assists them in … disease suffered or made worse over the course of the soldier’s military service.
Second, the VBA oversees and dispenses pensions owed to to war veterans and their survivors. To that end, it ensures that total dependency and indemnity compensation for survivors of veterans who are injured or … Personnel. It also collaborates with third party organizations and institutions, hospitals, universities and businesses to help veterans transition successfully from the military to civil life. Transition Assistance Program (TAP) is one such example. TAP, like the National Association of American Veterans, offers guidance, a variety workshops and … and seminars, training and many……
References
Cohen, S. (2019). Disband the Veterans Administration. Retrieved from https://www.city-journal.org/veterans-administration-benefits
Faurer, J., Rogers-Brodersen, A., & Bailie, P. (2014). Managing the re-employment of military veterans through the Transition Assistance Program (TAP). Journal of Business & Economics Research (Online), 12(1), 55.
Hazle, M., Wilcox, S. L., & Hassan, A. M. (2012). Helping veterans and their families fight on!. Advances in Social Work, 13(1), 229-242.
Panangala, S. (2018). Department of Veterans Affairs FY2018 Appropriations. Retrieved from https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R45047.pdf
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. (2014). Retrieved from https://www.benefits.va.gov/BENEFITS/about.asp
VBA. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.benefits.va.gov/benefits/
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… set in 1946 following the parliamentary electoral fraud perpetrated by the communists. This is more so the case taking into consideration the resulting civil resistance that went on until Solidarity become prominent – and the larger society found a way of embracing consolidation and coordinated efforts. In … be noted that on the basis of the discussion above, violence is not the only way to make progress even in scenarios of civil disobedience and unrest. History has plenty of lessons to backup this particular claim. In Libya for instance, where the NATO-backed rebels were able … social tranquility is concerned. These examples indicate that violence is, almost always, not the best course of action. However, we ought to be war of the fact that embracing a pacifist stance is not easy in a world that is preoccupied with fanning fires of war. Nicholas Murray Butler found this to be……
References
Howlett, C.F. (1984). Nicholas Murray Butler\\\\\\'s Crusade for a Warless World. The Wisconsin Magazine of History, 67(2), 99-120.
International Center on Nonviolent Conflict – ICNC (2020). Czechoslovakia’s Velvet Revolution (1989). Retrieved from https://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/czechoslovakias-velvet-revolution-1989/
International Center on Nonviolent Conflict – ICNC (2020, January 13). A Force More Powerful - English - Denmark / Poland / Chile (high definition) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cM695veBSUU
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… cannot underestimate the motivation provided by Gandhian nonviolence tactics to all kinds of freedom struggles to later crop up, right from the US civil Rights Movement, other war against colonialism (e.g., Ghana), anti-war, anti-nuclear, and peace movements, some elements of South Africa’s apartheid movement, and the latest Palestinian struggles, to the modern-day climate change-related Extinction Rebellion … forces was different for different nations: peaceful resistance was, perhaps, most actively utilized in the Netherlands, Norway, Denmark, and Belgium. The Nazi attitude war Eastern Europe (everyone far and wide is war of the fact that the Nazis aimed at purging Eastern Europe of its citizens and populating it with Germans) implied a different kind … places involved a bigger crowd than this (Sinclair, 2017).
Citizens such as the pacifists encountered the unique challenge of reacting to dictatorship and war-related cruelties. Even in Nazi Germany, direct peaceful…[break]…other Second World war traces: facing……
References
Ahmed, T. (2019). Mohandas Gandhi: Experiments in civil disobedience. USA: Pluto Press. Retrieved from https://s3.amazonaws.com/supadu-imgix/plutopress-uk/pdfs/look-inside/LI-9780745334288.pdf
Anthology. (n.d.). World war II and peace 1939-1945.
Isalska, A. (2018). A French village committed to deception. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20180806-a-french-village-committed-to-deception
Sinclair, I. (2017). Resisting the Nazis in numerous ways: nonviolence in occupied Europe. Retrieved from https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/non-violence-against-nazis-interview-with-george-paxton/
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… well into the 20th century. In fact, it would be more than a century after the ratification of the 13th Amendment before the civil Rights Act would be signed into law—and it would take a major protest led by Martin Luther King, Jr. just to achieve that. ……
Works Cited
King, Jr., Martin Luther. “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” 1963.
The Mississippi Black Code of 1865.
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… the Act of Succession. A rebellion against Henry’s daughter Elizabeth followed at the end of the 16th century and launched the Nine Years’ war in Ulster. In 1641, the Irish Rebellion occurred, which was succeeded by the Confederate war and the Rebellions and Battles of 1798. While the 19th century saw a union between the Protestant kingdom and the Catholic country, the … between the Protestant kingdom and the Catholic country, the Irish Republic was formed the following century with the Easter Rising and the Irish war of Independence in 1921. The Troubles began in 1969 in Northern Ireland and the Provisional Irish Republican Army (commonly known as the IRA) … getting any recognition from the Protestant government. In the US, non-violent protests had worked for the African American community and won them the civil Rights Act. In Northern Ireland, it won nothing. The IRA also did not want……
References
Bamford, B. (2005). The Role and Effectiveness of Intelligence in Northern Ireland. Intelligence and National Security, 20(4), 581-607.
Bell, J. B. (2008). The Secret Army: The IRA. London: Transaction Publishers.
IRA Green Book. (1977). Accessed 14 Dec 2015 from https://tensmiths.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/15914572-ira-green-book-volumes-1-and-2.pdf
Maloney, E. (2010). Voices from the Grave: Two Men’s War in Ireland. NY: Faber, Faber.
O’Brien, B. (1999). The Long War: The IRA and Sinn Fein. NY: Syracuse University Press.
Rooney, N. (2007). Violent nationalism in catholic communities: The Provisional IRA and ETA. Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, 7(3), 64-77.
Shanahan, Timothy. (2008). The Provisional IRA and the Morality of Terrorism. UK: Edinburgh University Press.
Taylor, P. (2001). Brits. UK: Bloomsbury Publishing.
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Introduction
Irregular war refers to the violent process through which various non-state and state actors fight for influence and legitimacy over populations. While the full might … various non-state and state actors fight for influence and legitimacy over populations. While the full might of military power may be employed, irregular war generally uses asymmetric and indirect approaches to reduce the power, will, and influence of the adversary. Because of the irregular approaches, such a … and influence of the adversary. Because of the irregular approaches, such a process is usually very “messy” and the actions during such a war cannot be distilled into a clear definite and repeatable process. The process is usually characterized by terrorism, counterterrorism, insurgency, and counterinsurgency (Department of … is usually characterized by terrorism, counterterrorism, insurgency, and counterinsurgency (Department of Defense Washington DC, 2017).
Just like in any organization, the execution of war takes place at……
References
Davis, R. G. (Ed.). (2010). US Army and Irregular Warfare 1775-2007: Selected Papers From the 2007 Conference of Army Historians: Selected Papers From the 2007 Conference of Army Historians. Government Printing Office.
Department of Defense Washington DC, (2017). Irregular Warfare (IW) Joint Operating Concept (JOC). Washington: 2007. 100 p. Cit, 03-02
Lundberg, K. (2006). The Accidental Statesman: General Petraeus and the City of Mosul, Iraq. Kennedy School of Government, Case Program.
White, J. B. (1996). A different kind of threat: Some thoughts on irregular warfare.
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… Furious Five and the Origins of Hip Hop
Abstract
This paper examines the manner in which the hip hop grew out of the civil Rights Movement and became a way for disenfranchised black youths, marginalized by society, to express their thoughts and feelings on a world that … its culture is thus a rich one and a complex one that both celebrates youthful joys and energy while also taking different roads war instigating a dialogue as well. Some hip hop artists have been thoughtful and have challenged the status quo with lyrics and albums that … it. They were rapping the truth as a way to free…[break]…life on the streets—because this was the reality they knew—but they also moved war from this. For instance, Ice Cube celebrated the Nation of Islam for helping him and other blacks to gain a sense of self-respect … gutter where he found himself……
Works Cited
BBC. “The birth of hip hop.” BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04s04nk
Best, Steven, and Douglas Kellner. "Rap, black rage, and racial difference." Enculturation 2.2 (1999): 1-23.
Brown, Jake. Tupac Shakur, (2-Pac) in the Studio: The Studio Years (1989-1996). Phoenix, AZ: Colossus Books, 2005.
Decker, Jeffrey Louis. "The state of rap: Time and place in hip hop nationalism." Social Text 34 (1993): 53-84.
Fluker, Walter. The Stones that the Builders Rejected. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 1998.
Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five. “The Message.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PobrSpMwKk4
Jones, E. Michael. Libido Dominandi: Sexual Liberation and Political Control. South Bend, IN: St. Augustine’s Press, 2000.
Pareles, Jon. “Hip-Hop Is Rock ’n’ Roll, and Hall of Fame Likes It.” The New York Times, 13 March 2007. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/13/arts/music/13hall.html
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… the family is the building block of society, and men are meant to work for the common good, have children and show charity war one another; 3) Rights and Responsibilities, which focuses on the duty and rights of the individual in society; 4) Option for the Poor … for granted. As Lynn Hunt points out, one of the big questions over right was the issue of voting—the distinction between political and civil rights: “Political rights guaranteed equal participation; civil rights guaranteed equal treatment before the law in matters concerning marriage, property, and inheritance.”[footnoteRef:3] Nowadays, the assumption is that people should have both … rights guaranteed equal treatment before the law in matters concerning marriage, property, and inheritance.”[footnoteRef:3] Nowadays, the assumption is that people should have both civil and political rights and that these are part of their basic human rights—but such was not the notion in France. Certainly it……
Bibliography
Barton, George Aaron. A critical and exegetical commentary on the book of Ecclesiastes. Vol. 17. Scribner, 1908.
Hunt, Lynn. \\\\\\"Introduction: The Revolutionary Origins of Human Rights.\\\\\\" In The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief History with Documents, 2nd Edition, edited by Lynn Hunt, 1-31. Boston: Bedford, 2016 National Assembly. “Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, 26 August 1789.”
Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite. Accessed November 4, 2019. http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/exhibits/show/liberty--equality--fraternity/item/3216
Pope, Stephen J. “Natural Law in Catholic Social Teachings.” https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/centers/boisi/pdf/f09/Pope_Natural_Law_In.pdf
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, “Seven Themes of Catholic Social Teaching,” http://www.usccb.org/beliefs-and-teachings/what-we-believe/catholic-social-teaching/seven-themes-of-catholic-social-teaching.cfm
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… for granted. As Lynn Hunt points out, one of the big questions over right was the issue of voting—the distinction between political and civil rights: “Political rights guaranteed equal participation; civil rights guaranteed equal treatment before the law in matters concerning marriage, property, and inheritance.”[footnoteRef:4] Nowadays, the assumption is that people should have both … rights guaranteed equal treatment before the law in matters concerning marriage, property, and inheritance.”[footnoteRef:4] Nowadays, the assumption is that people should have both civil and political rights and that these are part of their basic human rights—but such was not the notion in France. Certainly it was … was not the notion in America, where the test run for the French Revolution was conducted via the Declaration of Independence and the war that followed. [4: Lynn Hunt, \"Introduction: The Revolutionary Origins of Human Rights.\" In The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief History……
Bibliography
Abbe Sieyes. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Preliminary to the French Constitution.\\\\\\\\\\\\" In The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief History with Documents, 2nd Edition, edited by Lynn Hunt, 78. Boston: Bedford, 2016.
Cook, Malcolm. Elections in the French Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
“French Constitution, Rights of Man and Citizen,” Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, accessed November 8, 2019, http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/55
Higonnet, Patrice. “The Harmonization of the Spheres,” The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture, vol. 4, The Terror. Emerald Publishing, 1994.
Hunt, Lynn. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Introduction: The Revolutionary Origins of Human Rights.\\\\\\\\\\\\" In The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief History with Documents, 2nd Edition, edited by Lynn Hunt, 1-31. Boston: Bedford, 2016
Jones, Colin. The Great Nation. London: Penguin Books, 2003
Lembcke, Oliver, and Weber, Florian. “Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès : The Essential Political Writings.” 1 st ed. Vol. 9
Montesquieu. “Montesquieu on Government Systems (1748).” French Revolution, January 18, 2018. Accessed November 4, 2019, https://alphahistory.com/frenchrevolution/montesquieu-on-government-systems-1748/
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