Social Justice Essays (Examples)
Study Document
General Strain Theory Bullying Childhood Abuse
… unique explanation of delinquency and crime, which is in direct contrast to control and learning theories. The differentiation is through the type of social relationship that leads to delinquency, and the motivation for delinquency. By analyzing GST, we can determine the effect or how criminal behavior is … to cause criminogenic effects.
Cullen et al. (2008) and Watts and McNulty (2013) are both testing general strain theory in their different criminal justice research articles. General strain theory (GST) offers a unique explanation of delinquency and crime, which is in direct contrast to control and learning … unique explanation of delinquency and crime, which is in direct contrast to control and learning theories. The differentiation is through the type of social relationship that leads to delinquency, and the motivation for delinquency. GST focuses on the negative treatments that an individual experiences from others and … person will be involved in……
References
References
Agnew, R. (2002). Experienced, vicarious, and anticipated strain: An exploratory study on physical victimization and delinquency. Justice Quarterly, 19(4), 603-632.
Agnew, R. (2007). Pressured into crime: An overview of general strain theory. Los Angeles,CA: Roxbury.
Cullen, F. T., Unnever, J. D., Hartman, J. L., Turner, M. G., & Agnew, R. (2008). Gender, bullying victimization, and juvenile delinquency: A test of general strain theory. Victims and Offenders, 3(4), 346-364.
Warner, B. D., & Fowler, S. K. (2003). Strain and violence: Testing a general strain theory model of community violence. Journal of Criminal Justice, 31(6), 511-521.
Watts, S. J., & McNulty, T. L. (2013). Childhood abuse and criminal behavior: Testing a general strain theory model. Journal of interpersonal violence, 28(15), 3023-3040.
Study Document
Developing Ethical Leaders In Law Enforcement
Developing Ethical Leaders in Law Enforcement
At any point in time but especially during periods of social and political unrest, American citizens look to law enforcement authorities to provide them with the informed guidance and support they need to navigate ……
References
References
Hughes, P. J. (2017, January 1). A new sheriff in town. Advancing Women in Leadership, 31, 8-13.
Law enforcement code of ethics. (2020). The International Association of Chiefs of Police. Retrieved from https://www.theiacp.org/resources/law-enforcement-code-of-ethics .
Law enforcement facts. (2020). National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund. Retrieved from https://nleomf.org/facts-figures/law-enforcement-facts .
McCarthy, N. (2019, May 8). The number of U.S. police officers killed in the line of duty increased law year. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2019/05/08/the-number-of-u-s-police-officers-killed-in-the-line-of-duty-increased-last-year-infographic/
Owens, K. M. & Pfeifer, J. (2009, June). Police leadership and ethics: Training and policy recommendations. Canadian Journal of Police and Security Services, 1(2), 124-130.
Steirheim, M. (2020, March). The importance of ethical leadership and moral courage in pubic management. Public Management, 102(3), 19-23.
Study Document
Is Arson A Form Of Domestic Terrorism
… Science
Some fires are started for the purpose of terrorism. Terrorism is arson, but with a specific motive that is typically related to “social protest against an individual or group”. A string of arsons, therefore, may qualify as domestic terrorism, if there is a definable pattern with … does not constitute domestic terrorism. Setting aside the fact that the arsonist is a German national, he also did not have any political, social or economic motive. He simply set the fires in response to his mother being arrested, and he also appeared to be mentally ill.
… are a criminal lashing out against his mother being arrested. The textbook definition of terrorism is a fairly low bar to clear – social protest – but with that, the targets of the arsons were just random parked cars. These were not strategic targets, and there was ……
References
References
CNN. (2012). Los Angeles arson suspect charged with 37 counts. CNN. Retrieved June 11, 2020 from https://www.cnn.com/2012/01/04/us/california-arson/index.html
Section 4: Fire & People, Unit 2: Arson. In possession of the author.
Study Document
Cyber Crime IT Security Auditing
… may encompass automated audit instruments such as off-the-rack security auditing systems or auditor-developed instruments, or even manual review methods like auditing checklists and social engineering attack checklists.
Audit processes involve several steps. According to 3D Networks, auditing is a 7-step process (Suduc et al., 2010), the steps ……
References
References
Almatari, O. and Helal, I., and Mazen, S., and El Hennawy, S. (2018). \\\\\\"Cybersecurity Tools for IS Auditing.\\\\\\" The 6th International Conference on Enterprise Systems, At Limassol, Cyprus 10.1109/ES.2018.00040.
Davis, W. S., & Yen, D. C. (Eds.). (2019). The information system consultant\\\\\\'s handbook: Systems analysis and design. CRC press.
Diamantopoulou, V., Tsohou, A., & Karyda, M. (2019). From ISO/IEC 27002: 2013 Information Security Controls to Personal Data Protection Controls: Guidelines for GDPR Compliance. In Computer Security (pp. 238-257). Springer, Cham.
Khan, M. (2017). Computer security in the human life. International Journal of Computer Science and Engineering (IJCSE), 6(1), 35-42.
Lenghel, R. D., & Vlad, M. P. (2017). INFORMATION SYSTEMS AUDITING. Quaestus, (11), 178.
Manaseer, S., & Alawneh, A. (2019). ON CYBERSECURITY AUDITING AWARENESS: CASE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SECTOR. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS), 17(7).
Suduc, A. M., Bîzoi, M., & Filip, F. G. (2010). Audit for information systems security. Informatica Economica, 14(1), 43.
Study Document
Jesse Imeson Criminal Behavior
… young adult. Upbringing and the nuclear family “have long been identified in criminology literature as a crucial factor in a child’s or adolescent’s social behavior,” (Bartol & Bartolp. 2016, p. 60). In fact, the string of events that occurred since his father’s suicide made for a precariously … p. 62). Upbringing and the nuclear family “have long been identified in criminology literature as a crucial factor in a child’s or adolescent’s social behavior,’ (Bartol & Bartolp. 2016, p. 60). Moreover, the mother’s behavior is even more important than that of the father when it comes … He was close with siblings and cousins even when he was arrested, too, showing that he does not fit the stereotype of an social loner (“LFP Archives: The hunt for, and truth about, spree killer Jesse Imeson,” 2018). However, his demeanor both before and after the arrest … cannot be considered a “natural……
References
References
Bartol, C. R., & Bartol, A, M. (2018). Criminal behavior: A psychological approach. Boston, MA: Pearson Learning Solutions.
“Jesse Imeson charged in death of Windsor man,” (2007). CTV News. Retrieved from: https://www.ctvnews.ca/jesse-imeson-charged-in-death-of-windsor-man-1.251008
Lessard, C. (2008). So, why did he do it? Grand Bend Strip. Retrieved from: https://grandbendstrip.com/2008/11/so-why-did-he-do-it/
“LFP Archives: The hunt for, and truth about, spree killer Jesse Imeson,” (2018). The London Free Press. Retrieved from: https://lfpress.com/news/local-news/lfp-archives-the-hunt-for-and-truth-about-spree-killer-jesse-imeson
“Man who killed elderly couple and bartender has appeal rejected by Supreme Court,” (2019). CBC. Retrieved from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/man-who-killed-elderly-couple-and-bartender-has-appeal-rejected-by-supreme-court-1.5129542
Mellor, L. (2013). Rampage. Toronto, Ontario: Dundurn
Paiva, M. (2019). Windsor murderer claims he was sexually abused. iHeart Radio. Retrieved from: http://www.iheartradio.ca/purecountry/bc-north/windsor-murderer-claims-he-was-sexually-abused-1.9198384
Perkel, C. (2018). Family of victims lash out as smirking killer gets life sentence. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from: https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/family-of-victims-lash-out-as-smirking-killer-gets-life-sentence/article1350382/
Study Document
Ethical Issues Conflicts Of Interest
…
Prosecutors often find themselves in the tight sport of conflict of interest. It is easy to be diverted from the mission to deliver justice when one is a prosecutor because of the ever-conflicting interests, and motivations one is exposed to (Green &Roiphe, 2017). In the case of … any organization is often faced with issues of ethical nature in complex and conflicting situations. The basis of conflict of interest is the social values structure and the standards of ethics in a given setup. At the same time, some people do not realize that there is … the judicial system
The genesis of societal distrust towards its institutions is anchored on a range of actions that promote the perception of justice. Poor performance by the political class and the institutions that they run is what bred the reinforcement of the emergent counter-majority organizations, especially … aware of their primary norms……
References
References
Alterio, E. (2011). From judicial comity to legal comity: A judicial solution to global disorder?I-CON, 9(2), 394-424. doi: 10.1093/icon/mor036
BrainMass. (2019). Correctional officer subculture: Ethics. Retrieved from https://brainmass.com/law/familylaw/correctional-officer-subculture-ethics-165895
Filgueiras, F. (2011).Transparência e controle da corrupção no Brasil. In: Corrupção e sistemapolítico no Brasil, edited by Leonardo Avritzer and Fernando Filgueiras. Rio de Janeiro: CivilizaçãoBrasileira.
Kindregan, C. (1975).Conflict of interest and the lawyer in civil practice. Retrieved from https://scholar.valpo.edu/vulr/vol10/iss3/2
Legal Dictionary. (2018). Conflict of interest. Retrieved from https://legaldictionary.net/conflict-of-interest/
Lilles, H. (2002). Circle sentencing: Part of the restorative justice continuum. IIRP. Retrieved from https://www.iirp.edu/news/circle-sentencing-part-of-the-restorative-justice-continuum
Montes, A., Mears, D., &Conchran, J. (2016). The privatization debate: A conceptual framework for improving (public and private) corrections. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. 32(4). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305418634_The_Privatization_Debate_A_Conceptual_Framework_for_Improving_Public_and_Private_Corrections
Off, C. (1999). How can we trust our fellow citizens? In: Democracy and trust, edited by Mark Warren. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Study Document
Swapping The Studio Based Pedagogy For Online Learning
… design students for the professional world they should be incorporating the methods that the professional world itself expects graduates to be skilled in (justice, 2019). This paper will show the arguments for why design educators should adopt pedagogy based on digital online interactions with students and what ……
References
References
Fleischmann, K. (2013). Big Bang Technology: What's Next in Design Education, Radical Innovation or Incremental Change?. Journal of Learning Design, 6(3), 1-17.
Justice, L. (2019). The Future of Design Education. Design Management Review, 30(1), 33-37.
Mayadas, A. F., Bourne, J., & Bacsich, P. (2009). Online education today. Science, 323(5910), 85-89.
Souleles, N. (2015). Elearning in art and design: the elephant in the room. In 9th International Technology, Education and Development Conference (pp. 6659-6665).
Vaughan, S., Austerlitz, N., Blythman, M., Grove-White, A., Jones, B. A., Jones, C. A.,... & Shreeve, A. (2008). Mind the gap: Expectations, ambiguity and pedagogy within art and design higher education. In The student experience in art and design higher education: Drivers for change (pp. 125-148). Jill Rogers Associates Limited.
Study Document
Brown V Board Of Education And Civil Rights Moment By Michael Klarman
… degree it was institutionalized. The Jim Crow Era was proof of the institutionalization of racism and even at the Supreme Court level, the justice were sympathetic more towards “the white southerners, ‘who are to be coerced out of segregation,’ than with blacks, ‘who are coerced into it.’”[footnoteRef:3] … are coerced into it.’”[footnoteRef:3] The decision rendered in the court case was supported by the majority of the American public, polls showed.[footnoteRef:4] The justice were not going against the grain of American sentiment or popular opinion by ending segregation in schools. However, they were concerned that they … to derail the train or prevent it from moving forward.
The decision in Brown v. Board of Education was an attempt by the justice to get out in front of the issue of segregation—but what they found was that by the time they got their the movement … better course might have been.……
References
Bibliography
Cripps, Thomas and and David Culbert. “The Negro Soldier (1944): Film Propaganda in Black and White.” American Quarterly Vol. 31, No. 5, Special Issue: Film and American Studies (Winter, 1979), pp. 616-640: The Josh Hopkins University Press.
German, Kathleen M. Promises of Citizenship: Film Recruitment of African Americans in World War 2. University Press of Mississippi, 2017.
Klarman, Michael. Brown v Board of Education and the Civil Rights Moment. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Study Document
Gangs Formation And Functioning
… the existence of gangs in the neighborhood proved to be major gang crime predictors. Against the expectations of authors, the perceived significance of social standing, negative attitudes towards authority, and ethical disengagement weren't predictive of gang-connected offending. But additional analyses revealed greater ethical disengagement and perceived societal … are comprehensively provided to a specific number of identified persons based on information garnered during evaluation.
Law enforcement contributes significantly to suppression (called "social control" within the model's context). Ideally, every project partner will collaborate to ensure the accountability of gang members targeted.
Evaluation for success: The ……
References
References
Alleyne, E., & Wood, J. L. (2013). Gang-related crime: The social, psychological, and behavioral correlates. Psychology, Crime & Law, 19(7), 611-627.
FBI, (n.d.). Gangs. Retrieved from https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/violent-crime/gangs#The-Gang%20Threat on 12 June 2020
Finelli, G. A. (2019). Slash, Shoot, Kill Gang Recruitment of Children, and the Penalties Gangs Face. Family Court Review, 57(2), 243-257.
Hesketh, R. F. (2018). A critical exploration of why some individuals with similar backgrounds do or do not become involved in deviant street groups and the potential implications for their future life choices. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Chester, United Kingdom).
Hesketh, R.F. (2019). Joining gangs: living on the edge?. Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 5 No. 4; 280-294.
Higginson, A., Benier, K., Shenderovich, Y., Bedford, L., Mazerolle, L., & Murray, J. (2018). Factors associated with youth gang membership in low?and middle?income countries: a systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 14(1), 1-128.
Howell, J. C. (2010). Gang Prevention: An Overview of Research and Programs. Juvenile Justice Bulletin. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Klein, M.W. (1995). The American street gang: Its nature, prevalence, and control. New York: Oxford University Press.
Study Document
Should Reparations Be Paid To Native Americans And African Americans
… topic of interest to this paper concerns the issue of reparations for certain American minority groups that have suffered hundreds of years of justice at the hands of the U.S. government. In this regard, the research question that will guide this analysis is, “Should Native Americans and … Americans and African Americans be paid reparations?” The overarching thesis that shaped the answer to this guiding research question as was follows: Historical justice including genocide, oppression, slavery, and racial discrimination in the United States have caused current economic disparities between racial groups so the call for … reparations is quite justified and the various arguments in support and against reparations are examined further below.
Review and Analysis
Type of historical justice that have caused economic disparities between racial groups today
The historical record is replete with instances of genocide, oppression, slavery, forced relocations, invasions … short of making millionaires out……
References
References
Bradford, W. (2004). Beyond reparations: An American Indian theory of justice. Ohio State Law Journal.
Flavin, F. E. (2002, Winter). A pox on Amherst: Smallpox, Sir Jeffery, and a town named Amherst. Historical Journal of Massachusetts, 30(1), 1-5.
Forrester, K. (2019). Reparations, history and the origins of global justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Gilmore, B. & Adams, H. (2019). The case for a reparations clinic. Michigan State Law Review.
Howard-Hassmann, R. E. (2004). Reparations to Africa and the group of eminent persons. Cahiers d’étudesafricaines.
Lenzerini, F. (2007). Reparations for indigenous peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lockhart, P. (2019, June 19). The 2020 Democratic primary debate over reparations, explained. Vox. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/3/11/18246741/ reparations-democrats-2020-inequality-warren-harris-castro.
Loewen, J. W. (1995). Lies my teacher told me. New York: The New Press.
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