Reliability Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Textual Reliability Of The New Testament
Introduction
While modern biblical researchers such as Bart Ehrman have contended that textual reliability of the New Testament is absent under close historical analysis,[footnoteRef:2] other scholars such as Michael Kruger have resisted the argument and shown that … close historical analysis,[footnoteRef:2] other scholars such as Michael Kruger have resisted the argument and shown that the New Testament contains textual integrity and reliability from start to finish.[footnoteRef:3] This paper argues that those who doubt the textual reliability of the New Testament are doing so from the standpoint of conjecture and subjective critique rather than from the standpoint of both logical … no reason to believe in its message of redemption. On the other hand, if one can show that the New Testament has textual reliability, one can support the faith. Ehrman believes that scholarship should be conducted regardless of faith and that if the scholarship leads one away … than in……
References
Bibliography
Aland, Kurt and Barbara. The Text of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1987.
Comfort, Philip W. Encountering the Manuscripts: An Introduction to New Testament Paleography and Textual Criticism. Broadman and Holman, 2005.
Ehrman, Bart. Jesus, Interrupted. HarperCollins e-book.
Ehrman, Bart. “The Use and Significance of Patristic Evidence for NT Textual Criticism,” in Aland, Barbara, ed. New Testament Textual Criticism, Exegesis, and Early Church History. Kampen: Pharos, 1994.
Epp, Eldon J. and Gordon D. Fee. Studies and Documents: Studies in the Theory and Method of New Testament Textual Criticism. Eerdmans, 1993.
Green, Bradley. Shapers of Christian Orthodoxy. IL: Inter-Varsity Press, 2010.
Irenaus, “Against Heresies,” Gnosis.org. http://gnosis.org/library/advh1.htm
Kruger, Michael. Canon Revisited: Establishing the Origins and Authority of the New Testament. IL: Crossway, 2012.
Study Document
Evolution Of Forensic Science
… analysis. DNA evidence and analysis has made a huge impact on forensic science. Current concerns in forensic science include the need for increased reliability and validity of forensic science methods, as well as public perceptions of forensic science. Because perceptions of forensic science could have a direct … been used in forensic science until relatively recently had yet to be vetted by the scientific community. Instead, the standards of validity and reliability were established by members of the legal and criminal justice systems (Bell, Sah, Albright, et al., 2018). Ongoing investigations critiquing the methods used … led to the dismantling of the National Commission for Forensic Science (NCFS), but unfortunately no replacement system was established to setting standards for reliability and validity (Bell, Sah, Albright, et al., 2018). Kaplan & Puracal (2018) advocate for a “collaborative approach” to increase validity and reliability (p. 1).
Peer Review Process
Peer review……
References
References
Ballantyne, K. N., Edmond, G., & Found, B. (2017). Peer review in forensic science. Forensic Science International, 277, 66–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.05.020
Bell, S., Sah, S., Albright, T. D., Gates, S. J., Jr, Denton, M. B., & Casadevall, A. (2018). A call for more science in forensic science. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America, 115(18), 4541–4544. https://doi.org//10.1073/pnas.1712161115
Gaensslen, R. E., & Larsen, K. (2019). Introductory forensic science (2nd ed.). Retrieved from http://content.ashford.edu/
Kaplan , A. B., & Puracal, J. C. (2018). It’s not a match: Why the law can’t let go of junk science. Albany Law Review, 81(3), 895–939. Retrieved from http://www.albanylawreview.org/Pages/home.aspx
National Research Council 2009. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/12589 .
Redmayne, M., Roberts, P., Aitken, C., & Jackson, G. (2011). Forensic science evidence in question. Criminal Law Review 5, 347–356 Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Graham_Jackson6/publication/265654577_Forensic_Science_Evidence_in_Question/links/55006b8d0cf2aee14b548b62/Forensic-Science-Evidence-in-Question.pdf
Shelton, D. E. (2008, March). The ‘CSI effect:’ Does it really exist?. NIJ Journal, 259. Retrieved from https://www.nij.gov/journals/259/pages/csi-effect.aspx#author
Study Document
Psychological Test Evaluation Beck Anxiety Inventory BAI
… in a wide range of clinical environments. Thus, it would be accurate to say that it is used by multicultural communities.
Describe the reliability evidence of test results (test-rest, alternate forms, internal consistency, inter-rater reliability). Is there enough reliability evidence to make a decision whether to use or not to use the instrument?
Eighty-three patients drawn from a group that had completed … Beck & Steer, 1993; Biggs, 2008). The internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha stretches from .92 to -94 for adults test, and the re-test reliability is .75. The BAI has demonstrated acceptable reliability. It also shows discriminant and convergent validity for people aged 14 to 18 years in inpatient setups and outpatient (Beck et al., 1988; … to reduce the pool of items. The outcome, the BAI is a scale of 21 items that indicated high consistency internally (??=?.92), and reliability of test-retest over a week, r(81)=……
References
References
Arnold, L. M., Clauw, D., Wang, F., Ahl, J., Gaynor, P. J., &Wohlreich, M. M. (2010). Flexible dosed duloxetine in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Journal of rheumatology, 37(12), 2578-2586.
Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1993). Beck Anxiety Inventory manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G. & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.
Biggs, Q. M. (2008). Transportation trauma and psychological morbidity: Anxiety, depression, PTSD, and perceived control in a hospitalized sample. (Doctoral dissertation, University of North Texas).
DeFeo, J. (2005). Beck Anxiety Inventory. NCTSN Measure Review Database. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.506.4912&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Gillis, M. M., Haaga, D. A., & Ford, G. T. (1995). Normative values for the beck anxiety inventory, fear questionnaire, Penn state worry questionnaire, and social phobia and anxiety inventory. Psychological Assessment, 7(4), 450.
Halfaker, D. A., Akeson, S. T., Hathcock, D. R., Mattson, C., &Wunderlich, T. L. (2011). Psychological aspects of pain. Pain procedures in clinical practice (pp. 13-22). Hanley &Belfus.
Julian, L. J. (2011). Measures of anxiety: state?trait anxiety inventory (STAI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale?anxiety (HADS?A). Arthritis care & research, 63(S11), S467-S472.
Study Document
Globalization Of Insurance
...Reliability While the U.S. enjoys the largest insurance market, U.S. companies no longer own the majority of the insurance market share in the country. Foreign companies do with 74% (Vaughan & Vaughan, 2013). This goes to show the extent to which foreign companies have grown in the insurance industry thanks to the globalization of insurance but also to the spread of wealth throughout the world. Insurance companies and finance go together as the former depends upon the latter for return on investment (ROI). Part of the problem with the globalization of insurance is that everything has been globalized—right down to investable markets. Since 2008, central banks around the world have lowered rates to the point that it is impossible for insurance funds to obtain a targeted ROI without investing in risk assets. Likewise, regulatory bodies have gone global as well with organizations like the Common Framework for the Supervision of Internationally……
References
References
Egan, M. (2018). Tax cut triggers $437 billion explosion of stock buybacks. Retrieved from https://money.cnn.com/2018/07/10/investing/stock-buybacks-record-tax-cuts/index.html
Flegm, E. H. (2008). The Need for Reliability in Accounting. Why historical cost is more reliable than fair value. Journal of Accountancy, 205(5), 34.
Healy, P. M., Palepu, K., & Serafeim, G. (2009). Subprime Crisis and Fair-Value Accounting. HBS Case, (109-031).
Laux, C., & Leuz, C. (2010). Did fair-value accounting contribute to the financial crisis?. Journal of economic perspectives, 24(1), 93-118.
Light, L. (2019). More than Half of All Stock Buybacks are Now Financed by Debt. Here’s Why That’s a Problem. Retrieved from https://fortune.com/2019/08/20/stock-buybacks-debt-financed/
Reda, J. (2018). How Stock Buybacks Can Affect Executive Compensation. Retrieved from http://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2018/08/03/how-stock-buybacks-can-affect-executive-compensation/
Young, M. R., (2008). Both sides make good points. Journal of Accountancy, 205(5), 34.
Vaughan, E. J., & Vaughan T. M., (2013). Fundamentals of Risk and Insurance, 11th Edition.
Study Document
The Cost Effectiveness In Cloud Computing Within An Accounting Organization
...Reliability The Cost Effectiveness of Cloud Computing within an Accounting Organization
Table of Contents
1 Introduction 4
1.1 Background 4
1.2 Significance of the Topic 4
1.3 Research Problem 5
1.4 Research Questions 5
1.5 Purpose of the Study 5
1.6 Methodology 5
1.7 Good Title for Study 5
2 Literature Review 6
2.1 Cloud Computing Definition 6
2.2 Types of Cloud Computing Services 6
2.2.1 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 6
2.2.2 Platform as a Service (PaaS) 7
2.2.3 Software as a Service (SaaS) 7
2.3 Deployment of Organizational Cloud Services 8
2.3.1 Public Cloud 8
2.3.2 Private Cloud 8
2.3.3 Hybrid Cloud 9
2.4 Effectiveness of Cloud Computing 9
2.4.1 Cost-Savings 9
2.4.2 Remote Accessibility 10
2.4.3 Scalability and Flexibility 11
2.4.4 Security 11
2.4.5 Energy Efficiency 11
3 Methodology 12
3.1 Research Approach and Design 12
3.2 Data Collection Sources & Selection Plan 12
3.3 Proposed Interview Questions……
References
References
Bauer, E., & Adams, R. (2015). Reliability and availability of cloud computing. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
Chang, W. Y., Abu-Amara, H., & Sanford, J. F. (2018). Transforming enterprise cloud services. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
Chang, V. (Ed.). (2015). Delivery and adoption of cloud computing Services in Contemporary Organizations. IGI Global.
Hsien, W. F., Yang, C. C., & Hwang, M. S. (2016). A Survey of Public Auditing for Secure Data Storage in Cloud Computing. IJ Network Security, 18(1), 133-142.
Jamsa, K. (2016). Cloud computing. New York: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Maguire, M., & Delahunt, B. (2017). Doing a thematic analysis: A practical, step-by-step guide for learning and teaching scholars. AISHE-J: The All Ireland Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 9(3).
Mehmood, R., Katib, S. S. I., & Chlamtac, I. (2020). Smart Infrastructure and Applications. New York: Springer International Publishing.
Prabhu, C. S. R. (2015). E-governance: concepts and case studies. New Delhi: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Study Document
Program Logic Model
… and personal motivation, as well as on “developing skills related to college and career readiness, personal responsibility, public speaking, professionalism, time management, and reliability” (Parekh et al., 2018, p. 3). By emphasizing these critical skill sets and qualities, the educators gave the teens concepts to think about ……
References
References
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130-136.
Bickel, R., Weaver, S., Williams, T., & Lange, L. (1997). Opportunity, community, and teen pregnancy in an Appalachian state. The Journal of Educational Research, 90(3), 175-181.
Chapin, J. (2001). It won't happen to me: The role of optimistic bias in African American teens' risky sexual practices. Howard Journal of Communication, 12(1), 49-59.
Damon, W. (1984). Peer education: The untapped potential. Journal of applied developmental psychology, 5(4), 331-343.
Kerpelman, J. L., McElwain, A. D., Pittman, J. F., & Adler-Baeder, F. M. (2016). Engagement in risky sexual behavior: Adolescents’ perceptions of self and the parent–child relationship matter. Youth & Society, 48(1), 101-125.
Sciolla, A., Ziajko, L. A., & Salguero, M. L. (2010). Sexual health competence of international medical graduate psychiatric residents in the United States. Academic Psychiatry, 34(5), 361-368.
Stakic, S., Zielony, R., Bodiroza, A., & Kimzeke, G. (2003). Peer education within a frame of theories and models of behaviour change. Entre Nous: The European Magazine for Sexual and Reproductive Health, 56, 4-6.
Walsh-Buhi, E. R., Marhefka, S. L., Wang, W., Debate, R., Perrin, K., Singleton, A., ... & Ziemba, R. (2016). The impact of the Teen Outreach Program on sexual intentions and behaviors. Journal of Adolescent Health, 59(3), 283-290.
Study Document
Customer Service In The Telecoms Industry
… and customer loyalty. The reason for this is that customers want fast, stable, and responsive telecoms services—and if a company cannot provide such reliability, customers will look elsewhere for it.
Lee’s (2013) article “Major moderators influencing the relationships of service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty” looks … satisfaction and customer loyalty” looks at how service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty go together in the telecoms industry. The researcher used reliability analysis, factor analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis and found that service quality impacted customer satisfaction which impacted customer loyalty. In other words, if … customer is going to be satisfied and loyal to the company. Lee discusses the five dimensions of SERVQUAL introduced by Parasuraman et al (1988)—reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles—and shows that the Parasuraman model was confirmed in later research. However, Lee (2013) also points out that Cronin ……
References
References
Angelova, B., & Zekiri, J. (2011). Measuring customer satisfaction with service quality using American Customer Satisfaction Model (ACSI Model). International journal of academic research in business and social sciences, 1(3), 232. Retrieved from http://hrmars.com/admin/pics/381.pdf
Boohene, R., & Agyapong, G. K. (2011). Analysis of the antecedents of customer loyalty of telecommunication industry in Ghana: The case of Vodafone (Ghana). International Business Research, 4(1), 229-240. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.662.3208&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Chu, P. Y., Lee, G. Y., & Chao, Y. (2012). Service quality, customer satisfaction, customer trust, and loyalty in an e-banking context. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 40(8), 1271-1283.
Lai, F., Griffin, M., & Babin, B. J. (2009). How quality, value, image, and satisfaction create loyalty at a Chinese telecom. Journal of business research, 62(10), 980-986. Retrieved from shorturl.at/BMTY7
Lee, H. S. (2013). Major moderators influencing the relationships of service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Asian Social Science, 9(2), 1. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.428.6730&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Liu, C. T., Guo, Y. M., & Lee, C. H. (2011). The effects of relationship quality and switching barriers on customer loyalty. International Journal of Information Management, 31(1), 71-79.
Khatibi, A. A., Ismail, H., & Thyagarajan, V. (2002). What drives customer loyalty: An analysis from the telecommunications industry. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 11(1), 34-44. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057/palgrave.jt.5740065.pdf
Kim, M. K., Park, M. C., & Jeong, D. H. (2004). The effects of customer satisfaction and switching barrier on customer loyalty in Korean mobile telecommunication services. Telecommunications policy, 28(2), 145-159. Retrieved from shorturl.at/imDEX
Study Document
Is The God Of The Old Testament The Same As The God Of The New Testament
...Reliability Introduction
The God of the Old Testament has been viewed by scholars as something different from that of the New Testament. This mischaracterization is often produced by placing emphasis in the Old Testament on the God’s insistence that infidels be dealt with in a bloody manner (Deuteronomy 9:4-5), whereas God in the New Testament appears to preach mercy and charity and turning the other cheek (Matthew 5:38-40). Yet what the scholars fail to appreciate is that God in the New Testament is just as insistent on due respect being shown to God: after all it is Christ who literally whips the money changers out of the Temple because they are disrespecting the sanctity of the place (John 2:15). It is therefore inaccurate to suppose that the God of the Old Testament is different from the God of the New Testament. The God of the Old Testament is just as merciful……
References
Bibliography
Adams, Marilyn McCord and Robert Merrihew Adams. The Problem of Evil. Oxford University Press, 1990.
Baker, David L. Two Testaments, One Bible: The Theological Relationship between the Old and New Testaments. InterVarsity Press, 2010.
Baah-Odoom, Dinah, and FrimpongWiafe. "The Importance Of The Old Testament To The Christian Spirituality." The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, Vol. 3.7, 2016
Copan, Paul. Is God a Moral Monster? Making Sense of the Old Testament God. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2011.
Craig, William Lane. “#16 Slaughter of the Canaanites,” Reasonable Faith with William
Lane Craig (blog), August 6, 2007, https://www.reasonablefaith.org/writings/question-answer/slaughter-of-the-canaanites .
Kaiser, Walter C. The Messiah in the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Zandorvan, 1995.
Kitchen, Kenneth. On the Reliability of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2003.
Study Document
Genetic Testing
… suitable preventive measures or for preventive medicine (Glick, 2016). Despite their role in preventive medicine, genetic testing has been characterized by issues of reliability and validity. These issues have raised controversies, especially with the advent of commercially available, direct-to-consumer genetic tests. The increased availability of these tests … validity and utility established. Researchers and other professionals in genetics and medicine should work collaboratively to create systems and processes for improving the reliability and validity……
References
References
Bertolotti, M. (2015, October). Opportunities, Risks, and Limitations of Genetic Testing: Looking to the Future from Patients’ Point of View. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 90(10), 1311-1313.
DeFilippis, E.M., Rehm, H., Cirino, A.L. & Lakdawala, N.K. (2018, September). The Lifespan of Genetic Testing. The American Journal of Medicine, 131(9), 991-992.
Glick, M. (2016, March). Genetic Testing. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 147(3), 157-159.
Zimmern, R.L. & Kroese, M. (2007, September). The Evaluation of Genetic Tests. Journal of Public Health, 29(3), 246-250.
Study Document
Discriminating Between Phenomenology And Grounded Theory Qualitative
...Reliability Phenomenology and Grounded Theory Approaches
Both phenomenology and grounded theory are commonly used approaches to qualitative research in the social sciences. While grounded theory and phenomenology can sometimes be used simultaneously in ways that “slur” or “blur” the distinction between multiple qualitative methods, researchers in education should ultimately focus their attention on the best method for exploring single, focused research questions and their real-world applications (Baker, Wuest, & Stern, 1992, p. 1355). Grounded theory has been described as a “practical method for conducting research” that shows how people construct meaning about their social world (Suddaby, 2006, p. 633). Therefore, grounded theory is sociological in origin and linked to the concept of symbolic interactionism (Starks & Brown Trinidad, 2007). The methods used for grounded theory approaches to research in the social science include observations and other ethnographic data collection techniques, coupled with open coding for data analysis (Creswell, 2013). Interviews are……
References
References
Baker, C., Wuest, J., & Stern, P. N. (1992). Method slurring: the grounded theory/phenomenology example. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 17(11), 1355–1360.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb01859.x
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. eBook.
Norton, S.M. (2013). A phenomenological investigation into the self-efficacy beliefs of teachers who have presisted in the teaching profession. Liberty University Dissertation.
Starks, H., & Brown Trinidad, S. (2007). Choose Your Method: A Comparison of Phenomenology, Discourse Analysis, and Grounded Theory. Qualitative Health Research, 17(10), 1372–1380.doi:10.1177/1049732307307031
Suddaby, R. (2006). From the Editors: What Grounded Theory is Not. Academy of Management Journal, 49(4), 633–642.doi:10.5465/amj.2006.22083020
Wimpenny, P. & Gass, J. (2001). Interviewing in phenomenology and grounded theory: is there a difference? Journal of Advanced Nursing 31(6): 1485-1492.
Yalof, B. (2014). Marshaling resources. The Grounded Theory Review 13(1).
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