Morality Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Trolley Problems And Self Driving Cars
… the machine accordingly. As Nyholm and Smids point out, other than the legal ramifications of how an engineer programs a self-driving car, the morality of solving the trolley problem is too elusive to solve: obviously it is important to take ethical problems seriously, but “reasoning about probabilities, … character ethics. It is the argument of this paper that character ethics is the best approach to solving moral dilemmas for humans. Leaving morality up to machines is a bad way for anyone to have to live.
The Self-Driving Car is Worse than a Trolley Problem
The ……
References
Works Cited
Carter, Stacy M. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Overdiagnosis, ethics, and trolley problems: why factors other than outcomes matter—an essay by Stacy Carter.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Bmj 358 (2017): j3872.
Ewing, J. “German Court Says Tesla Self-Driving Claims Are Misleading.” New York Times, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/14/business/tesla-autopilot-germany.html
Himmelreich, Johannes. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Never mind the trolley: The ethics of autonomous vehicles in mundane situations.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 21.3 (2018): 669-684.
Marshall, Aarian. “What Can the Trolley Problem Teach Self-Driving Car Engineers?” Wired, 2010. https://www.wired.com/story/trolley-problem-teach-self-driving-car-engineers/
Nyholm, Sven. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The ethics of crashes with self?driving cars: A roadmap, I.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Philosophy Compass 13.7 (2018): e12507.
Nyholm, Sven, and Jilles Smids. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The ethics of accident-algorithms for self-driving cars: An applied trolley problem?.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Ethical theory and moral practice 19.5 (2016): 1275-1289.
Pojman, L. and J. Fieser. Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong. Cengage, 2012.
Snow, Nancy E. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Neo-Aristotelian Virtue Ethics.\\\\\\\\\\\\" The Oxford Handbook of Virtue. Oxford University Press, 2018. 321.
Study Document
Wells Fargo Collateral Protection Insurance Scandal
...Morality Wells Fargo Scandal
The Wells Fargo Collateral Protection Insurance (CPI) Scandal occurred as a result of the banking firm placing CPI on accounts even though the account holders did not ask for it or want it. It resulted in customers paying unnecessary and higher fees over a period of time. Wells Fargo was sued and agreed to settle the case out of court for approximately $400 million without admitting fault (Top Class Actions, 2019). The scandal, however, caused Wells Fargo to lose a great deal of reputation: customers began leaving the bank in droves and the firm suddenly found itself wondering how it had fallen and what it could do to shore up trust among customers once more. For years, the bank seemed happy to dupe customers with excessive fees, believing no customer would be sophisticated enough to realize just how he was being overcharged—but customers did catch on and……
References
References
Forsyth, D. R., & O’Boyle Jr, E. H. (2011). Rules, standards, and ethics: Relativism predicts cross-national differences in the codification of moral standards. International Business Review, 20(3), 353-361.
Goodpaster, K. (1983). Ethical frameworks for management. HBS.
Horowitz, D. (2011, May). We need a \\\\\\"moral operating system\\\\\\" Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/damon_horowitz (Links to an external site.)
Top Class Actions. (2019). The settlement is closed. Retrieved from https://topclassactions.com/lawsuit-settlements/closed-settlements/917069-wells-fargo-auto-loan-insurance-class-action-settlement/
Study Document
Aristotle Kant And Metaphysics
… moral duty determined by the motive with which one engages in any behavior. The motive to do one’s duty is what determines its morality. Aristotle’s understanding of teleological ethics is a bit different in that motive is not central, rather the act in and of itself is … take certain precautions or considerations (as in he neglects to get a life buoy or is not actually a good swimmer) then the morality of the action is questionable.
Both Aristotle and Kant’s approaches can be combined to create a more comprehensive approach to morality. Kant refers to duty and whether one’s motive is pure, which is expressive of the subjective character of an action. Aristotle refers to … be moral or immoral, but subjectively it can be completely the opposite. This is why it is impossible for one to judge the morality of another based on objective considerations alone, as……
Study Document
Code Of Ethics For Managers In Acquisition
...Morality Introduction
Corruption takes many forms, and can have a devastating impact on economies, and on the effectiveness of government. For that reason, it is best practice to have a code of ethics for managers who are involved in acquisitions, purchasing and contracts. Ethical lapses contribute to a wide array of issues, including waste, a decline in confidence in the institution of government, and underperformance because the wrong vendors were selected. Larezos (2008) notes that when evidence of corruption arises, governments may need to recompete contracts, projects can be delayed or go way over budget, and there can be increased cost to taxpayers as well. If chronic weak governance leaves a populace disenchanted with government, then the political fallout can be severe as well. In essence, corruption represents the trade-off between the personal gain for the government officials in question versus the overall government or economy.
Combatting corruption is a complex……
References
References
Adelstein, J. & Clegg, S. (2016) Code of ethics: A stratified vehicle for compliance. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 138 (1) 53-66.
Lazeros, M. (2008) Leaders can learn from Druyun’s ethical lapses and their consequences. USAWC Research Project. Retrieved October 25, 2019 from https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a479019.pdf
McConnnell, A. & Rood, T. (1997) Ethics in government: A survey of misuse of position for personal gain and its implications for developing acquisition strategy. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 16 (1997) 1107-1116.
McConnell, T. (2018). Moral dilemmas. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Retrieved October 25, 2019 from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/moral-dilemmas/
Neu, D., Everett, J. & Rahaman, A. (2015) Preventing corruption within government procurement: Constructing the disciplined and ethical subject. Critical Perspectives on Accounting. Vol. 28 (2015) 49-61.
Study Document
Public Shame Best Remedy Or Not
...Morality Public Shame is the Best Remedy… or Is It? One of the founding principles of the nation is the freedom of speech, which is a right that has been safeguarded across generations as military men and women have made numerous sacrifices domestically and abroad (The Virginian-Pilot, 2010). Freedom of speech has granted an avenue for public shame, which remains a controversial issue depending on the matter at hand. Public shame is utilized as a means to regulate behavior in various areas. For example, public shame is used as a tool to discourage teen pregnancy as it is viewed as a powerful tool in regulating human behavior. The attempt at shaming teen pregnancy is right since this issue is an example of moral disapprobation. Shaming teen pregnancy generates positive behaviors by linking it to negative social norms, which in turn encourage positive behaviors among teenagers (Reeves, 2013).
While public shame can……
References
References
Reeves, R.V. (2013, March 15). Shame Is Not a Four-Letter Word. The New York Times. Retrieved June 11, 2020, from https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/16/opinion/a-case-for-shaming-teenage-pregnancy.html
The Virginian-Pilot. (2010, June 23). Public Shame is the Best Remedy. Retrieved June 11, 2020, from https://www.pilotonline.com/opinion/article_c3f14da5-c8fd-5eee-9c90-52884a8f5971.html
Study Document
Death Penalty In Canada
...Morality Should Canada reinstate the death penalty for planned and premeditated murder What is your position and why
Why are people punished for their crimes? What is the driving idea behind punitive sentencing in criminal justice? Is life behind bars somehow to be considered more humane of a sentence for a person who commits premeditated murder? Or is knowing that one will never again have his freedom a worse punishment than death? Obviously these are all subjective questions and people will have different views on the matter, so it is important to define one’s own approach to the question. If one is talking about preferences and whether it is better to give up one’s life than to live the rest of one’s days in prison, one might go either way. But if one is talking about the issue of capital punishment from an ethical point of view, it is an approach……
References
Works Cited
Capote, Truman. In Cold Blood. NY: Vintage, 1994.
Holmes, A. Ethics: Approaching moral decisions. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2007.
Hursthouse, Rosalind. “Virtue Ethics.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2016. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-virtue/
Kronenwetter, M. Capital Punishment: A Reference Handbook. CA: ABC-CLIO, 2001.
Robbins, Tim, dir. Dead Man Walking. Gramercy Pictures, 1995. Film.
Study Document
Legal And Ethical Issues In Healthcare
...Morality Legal and Ethical Issues in Healthcare
Healthcare ethics have to do with the wide range of moral decisions that have to be made in medical practice. These are the other considerations that have to be made besides the regular policies and procedures designed for effective medical practice. Of the various aspects of the human body and life, none is as important as health. Technological advancements in the practice of medicine and healthcare, in general, emerge with their sets of moral dilemmas. Many of such issues arise from developments in genetic knowledge and reproductive health (Taylor, 2015).
The relationship between the patient and the healthcare expert, the human subject behavioral research, harvesting and transplanting of human organs, abortion, euthanasia, and allocation of healthcare resources and services are other areas that present moral dilemmas. In the clarification of moral issues in healthcare provision, and consequently, understood, healthcare quality as it is received……
References
References
Chen, Y. Y., Chu, T. S., Kao, Y. H., Tsai, P. R., Huang, T. S., &Ko, W. J. (2014). To evaluate the effectiveness of health care ethics consultation based on the goals of health care ethics consultation: a prospective cohort study with randomization. BMC medical ethics, 15(1), 1.
Morrison, E. E. (2011). Ethics in health administration: a practical approach for decision-makers. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Nora, C. R. D., Deodato, S., Vieira, M. M. D. S., &Zoboli, E. L. C. P. (2016). Elements and strategies for ethical decision-making in nursing. Texto&Contexto-Enfermagem, 25(2).
Reddy, M. S., &Mythri, S. V. (2016). Health-care Ethics and the Free Market Value System. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 38(5), 371–375. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7176.191387
Taylor, S. C. (2015). Health Care Ethics. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from https://www.iep.utm.edu/h-c-ethi/#H2
Yip, C., Han, N. R., &Sng, B. L. (2016). Legal and ethical issues in research. Indian Journal of anesthesia, 60(9), 684–688. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.190627
Webster, G., Bayliss, F., Rubin, S., &Zoloth, L. (2000). Moral Residue. Margin of Error: The Ethics of Mistakes in the Practice of Medicine. Hagerstown, MD: University Publishing Group.
Study Document
Ethical Issues In Criminal Justice
… officers need to engage in critical thinking. This means they have to ask themselves a series of questions when making decisions regarding the morality of the actions under consideration. They must ask if the action would be legal, whether it will result in a good end, whether ……
References
References
Cahn, S. & Markie, P. (2011). Ethics: History, Theory and Contemporary Issues, 5th Edition. UK: Oxford University Press.
Hehman, E., Flake, J. K., & Calanchini, J. (2018). Disproportionate use of lethal force in policing is associated with regional racial biases of residents. Social psychological and personality science, 9(4), 393-401.
Holmes, A. (2007). Ethics: Approaching moral decisions. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
Roufa, T. (2019). Ethics in law enforcement. Retrieved from https://www.thebalancecareers.com/ethics-in-law-enforcement-and-policing-974542
Study Document
C Suite Executive Leadership And Ethics
...Morality Beliefs, Practices, Challenges
Persons in positions of leadership inevitably encounter major ethical dilemmas and in fact make ethical decisions on a daily basis. Interviews with senior executives can reveal the complexities of ethical decision making at the executive level, as personal morals frequently disconnect from the ethical culture governing the organization or the industry’s regulatory climate (Bailey & Shantz, 2018). Bandwagon fallacies—the sense that because something is normative it is ethical—predominate in the workplace. An interview with C. Linden (name altered to protect the individual’s privacy) shows how personal ethical beliefs clash with the prevailing norms and values in the field. Employee diversity adds to the complications involved in executive ethical decision-making, according to Linden. The predominant ethical challenges usually relate to balancing two equally compelling ethical objectives, or weighing the pros and cons of a decision when there are no clear black-and-white resolutions. No genuine dilemma has a straightforward……
References
References
Bailey, C. & Shantz, A. (2018). Creating an ethically strong organization. MIT Sloan Management Review. http://ilp.mit.edu/media/news_articles/smr/2018/60101.pdf
Crossan, M., Mazutis, D. & Seijts, G. (2013). In search of virtue. Journal of Business Ethics 113(4): 567-581.
Hatcher, T. (2008). The value of values in the C-suite. In Sims, R.R. & Quatro, S.A. (Eds.) Executive Ethics. Charlotte: IAP, pp. 97-122.
Hoekstra, E., Bell, A. & Peterson, S.R. (2008). Humility in Leadership: Abandoning the Pursuit of Unattainable Perfection. In S.A. Quatro & R. R. Sims (Eds.), Executive Ethics: Ethical Dilemmas and Challenges for the C-Suite. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, pp. 79-96.
MacDougall, A.E., Bagdarasov, Z. & Buckley, M.R. (2008). Applying a primary risk management model to the C-suite. In Sims, R.R. & Quatro, S.A. (Eds.) Executive Ethics. Second Edition. Charlotte: IAP, pp. 211-234.
Martin, R. (2011). The CEO\\\\'s ethical dilemma in the era of earnings management. Strategy & Leadership 39(6): 43-47.
Schwartz, M.S. (2013). Developing and sustaining an ethical corporate culture: The core elements. Business Horizons 56(1): 39-50.
Study Document
Importance Of Ethics Within The Criminal Justice
...Morality Introduction
Without any set moral guidelines and stipulations, a country’s criminal justice system is not capable of accurately meeting the needs of its people. The role of the system is to penalize poor conduct and make sure that victims of crime are well compensated for any of their losses (Braswell, McCarthy & McCarthy, 2017; Souryal & Whitehead, 2019). Ethics are valuable in such systems because they offer both the victim and the accused fair justice application (Kramer, 2018). In this essay, the significance of ethics within the criminal justice system is discussed. Also, instances of unethical behavior, as well as the legal responsibilities suffered by the doers of such action, are presented.
Importance of ethics within the criminal justice
Ethics offers answers to several questions within the system. What is considered bad behavior or conduct? What is the most suitable compensation for victims of crime, and what is the befitting……
References
References
Braswell, M. C., McCarthy, B. R., & McCarthy, B. J. (2017). Justice, crime, and ethics. Taylor & Francis.
Kramer, L. (2018). Why Is Ethics Important in Criminal Justice? Legal Beagle. Retrieved from https://legalbeagle.com/6386561-ethics-important-criminal-justice.html
News Services (2008, June 13). Woman gets $7.7M in false arrest case, Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2008-06-13-0806130382-story.html
Sahakian, W. S., & Sahakian, M. L. (1966). Ideas of the great philosophers (No. 218). Barnes & Noble Publishing.
Souryal, S. S., & Whitehead, J. T. (2019). Ethics in criminal justice: In search of the truth. Routledge. Case law
Indiana Supreme Court Disciplinary Commission vs. Dana E. F. DANIELS, Supreme Court Cause No. 49S00-1402-DI-133, (2015).
Jackson v. City of Chicago, No. 03 C 8289, (July 31, 2006).
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