Empirical Research Essays (Examples)
Study Document
What Is Public Administration Today
...Empirical research Public Administration
How Public Administrative Discretion Works
1
The main difference between public and private administration is that in the former the administration both administers to the public and is accountable to the public; in the latter, the administration is accountable only to stakeholders, which may or may not include members of the community/public. Other differences include the fact that in private administration, the idea is that the administration is overseeing some business organization that focuses on a goal related to its mission, its business model. Public administration, on the other hand, refers to a political process wherein official administrators are elected or appointed to do a job for the good of the public. They typically control or use public funds; must give a public accounting of how funds are used, and must to all intents and purposes fulfill a mandate given them by the public—though, of course, it is……
References
References
Cann, S. (2007). The Administrative State, the Exercise of Discretion, and the Constitution. Public Administration Review, 67(4), 780–782.
EPA. (2015). Administrative discretion. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-11/documents/administrative_discretion_nonotesclean.pdf
Reyes, P., & Pounder, D. G. (1993). Organizational orientation in public and private elementary schools. The Journal of Educational Research, 87(2), 86-93.
Reyes, D. R. (1998). Public sector reengineering: Practice, problems and prospects.
Rinaldi, M., Montanari, R., & Bottani, E. (2015). Improving the efficiency of public
administrations through business process reengineering and simulation: A case study. Business Process Management Journal, 21(2), 419-462.
Rubenstein, D. S. (2015). Administrative Federalism as Separation of Powers. Wash. & Lee L. Rev., 72, 171.
Savoie, D. J. (2006). What is wrong with the new public management?. In Comparative Public Administration (pp. 593-602). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Study Document
Policy On Shift Swapping
...Empirical research Policy on Shift Swapping
Shift swapping is a common practice in modern workplaces both in the public and private sectors. Organizations including federal agencies have established shift swapping policies through which employees engage in shift swap. This practice has positive impacts as it enhances employee retention and performance. Generally, shift swapping provides a framework for hourly workers to shift their working hours in order to response to pressing issues such as family responsibilities (Disselkamp, 2013). In addition to enhancing employee retention and performance, shift swapping also contributes to workplace flexibility. For this federal agency, shift swapping is a common practice for part- and full-time employees. However, some full-time employees have abused the policy, which has resulted in significant negative impacts such as the recent incident of a part-time employee who was injured at the workplace following shift swap. This report examines the timecard scandal and abuse of the agency’s shift……
References
References
Bowen, G.A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. DOI: 10.3316/QRJ0902027
Disselkamp, L. (Ed.). (2013). Workforce Asset Management Book of Knowledge. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Golden, L. (2015, April 9). Irregular Work Scheduling and Its Consequences. Retrieved May 20, 2020, from https://www.epi.org/publication/irregular-work-scheduling-and-its-consequences/
Paychex. (2019, November 13). How to Manage and Minimize Trading Shifts at Work. Retrieved May 12, 2020, from https://www.paychex.com/articles/payroll-taxes/how-to-manage-and-minimize-trading-shifts-at-work
Study Document
Six Fundamental Pillars Of Character
… satisfy these characteristics and how deficits in any of them can have an adverse effect on ethical living. Finally, a summary of the research and key findings concerning the selected six pillars of character are presented in the paper’s conclusion.
Integrity
This pillar was selected because it … vice versa.
Conclusion
While it may be difficult to precisely define character, it is possible to distinguish some of its constituent pillars. The research showed that pillars of character such as integrity, dependability, responsible, patriotism, remaining open-minded and being considerate of others represent just some of the … dependability, responsible, patriotism, remaining open-minded and being considerate of others represent just some of the attributes that combine to an individual’s character. The research also showed that these pillars are important for a number of reasons to both individuals and the communities in which they live. Finally, ……
Study Document
Social Media And Its Effects On Girls
… have on youth? Does it make them lose their ability to concentrate and contemplate?” (218). These timely issues also directly relate to the research questions that guided this study which are set forth below.
research question
This study was guided by the following overarching research question: “What are the positive and negative effects of social media use on girls? In addition, the following four supporting subquestions also guided … “What are the positive and negative effects of social media use on girls? In addition, the following four supporting subquestions also guided the research.
Four subquestions and key words and how their evolution into their final form
1. What are the most common negative effects of social … jurisdictions in which they reside.
Relevant keywords for this study included “adolescent,” “girls,” “social media,” “Facebook,” “Twitter” and “YouTube.” In addition, serendipitously identified research materials that were relevant to the above-stated research……
References
Works Cited
Ali, S. (2018). “Social Media Usage among Teenage Girls in Rawalpindi and Islamabad.” Global Media Journal, vol. 16, p. 31.
Chukwuere, Joshua Ebere and Chukwuere, Precious. (2017, December). Cyberbullying of female students: An exploration of literature study. Gender & Behaviour, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 9983-9991.
Goodwin, Robin, Palgi,Yuval, Osnat, Lavenda, Yaira, Hamama-Raz and Ben-Ezra, Menachem. (2015), “Association between Media Use, Acute Stress Disorder and Psychological Distress.” Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 253-254
Granello, Paul F. and Zyromski, Brett. (2018, September-August). “Developing a Comprehensive School Suicide Prevention Program.” Professional School Counseling, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 37-42.
Hutchinson, Tracy S. (2020, April 19). Ten things mentally strong people do during a pandemic. Psychology Today. [online] available: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-pulse-mental-health/202004/10-things-mentally-strong-people-do-during-pandemic.
Kemp. Simon. (2020, January). “Digital 2020.” We Are Social. [online] available: https://wearesocial.com/blog/2020/01/digital-2020-3-8-billion-people-use-social-media.
Redden, Crystal V. (2018, December). “The Media\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Influence on Female Relational Aggression and Its Implications for Schools.” Canadian Journal of Education, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 374-381.
Reinberg, Steven. (2019, August 14). “Here\\\\\\\\\\\\'s How Too Much Social Media Can Harm Girls.” WebMD. [online] available: https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/news/20190814/ heres-how-too-much-social-media-can-harm-girls#1.
Study Document
Resilience Theory Essay
… because it dominates the market. Resilience needs to be cultivated and honed over time.
Features of Resilience
A number of variables have been empirical linked to the quality of resilience in leaders. Ledesma (2014) found the following factors particularly relevant to resilience: “positive self-esteem, hardiness, strong coping … organization into thriving.
As it has evolved into a robust theory applicable in multiple social sciences, resiliency theory has a large amount of empirical support to back it up. In a literature review focusing only on how resiliency theory applies to adolescent mental health and wellbeing, Shean ……
References
References
Ledesma, J. (2014). Conceptual frameworks and research models on resliience in leadership. Sage Open 4(3): https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244014545464
Moore, C. (2020). Resilience theory: What research articles in psychology teach us. Positive Psychology. Retrieved from: https://positivepsychology.com/resilience-theory/
Shean, M. (2015). Current theories relating to resilience and young people. VicHealth. Retrieved from: https://evidenceforlearning.org.au/assets/Grant-Round-II-Resilience/Current-theories-relating-to-resilience-and-young-people.pdf
Van Breda, A.D. (2018). A critical review of resilience theory and its relevance for social work.
Zimmerman, M.A. (2013). Resiliency theory. Health Education Behavior 40(4)L 381-383.
Study Document
How Media Coverage Of Operation Desert Storm Was Influenced By The
… situation and salient post-conflict recommendations. Finally, a summary of the results of the literature review and the key findings that emerged from the research are presented in the paper’s conclusion, followed by some personal reflections about my participation in Operational Desert Storm and its effect on the … Personal Reflection
Upon reflection, I was and I am still proud of my military service in general and especially during Operation Desert Storm. research this project, though, opened my eyes to some of the criticisms that were directed at this intervention and how the U.S. government manipulated … before and after the war was over. While I still do not feel like a pawn in the larger scheme of things, the research was consistent in showing that there are indeed two sides to every story -- and far more in some cases.
One of the … effective time management. The adage……
References
References
Curtis, J. (2015, November). Reflecting on strategic results of Operation Desert Storm. Army, 65(11), 24-27.
Khan, H. (2011, July 1). An unbiased estimate of present American competitiveness from deontological and teleological perspectives of utilitarianism. Competition Forum, 9(2), 348-352.
Klotzer, C. L. (2002, October). A lesson for Americans: Desert Storm operation reports were full of lies and distortions. St. Louis Journalism Review, 32(250), 34-39.
Lindsey, J. M. & Smith, C. (2003, Summer). Rally 'round the flag: Opinion in the United States before and after the Iraq War. Brookings Review, 21(3), 20-24.
Operation Desert Storm. (2020). U.S. History. Retrieved from https://www.ushistory.org/ us/60a.asp.
Stilwell, B. (2015, September 12). 21 facts about the first Gulf War. Military.com. Retrieved from https://www.military.com/undertheradar/2015/09/21-facts-about-the-first-gulf-war .
Taylor, A. (2016, January 14). Operation Desert Storm: 25 years since the first Gulf War. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2016/01/operation-desert-storm-25-years-since-the-first-gulf-war/424191/ .
Tilford, K. H., Jr. (1993, Summer). Review: The meaning of victory in Operation Desert Storm: A review essay. Political Science Quarterly, 108(2), 327-331.
Study Document
Organizational Situations And Interventions
… significantly affected. New employees state that they do not feel a sense of belonging and face numerous uncertainties in this working environment.
Relevant research
Korte (2007) states that socialization in an organization is associated with four major benefits i.e. reduced turnover, transfer and maintenance of organizational culture, … that informal practices should be combined with formal practices to enhance socialization and integration of new employees.
Practical Application
As shown in existing research, the organization can benefit from adopting suitable interventions that would help enhance socialization of its new members in the workplace. Existing literature shows ……
References
References
Bhui, K., Dinos, S., Galant-Miecznikowska, M., de Jongh, B. & Stanfeld, S. (2016, December). Perceptions of Work Stress Causes and Effective Interventions in Employees Working in Public, Private and Non-governmental Organizations: A Qualitative Study. BJPsych Bulletin, 40(6), 318-325.
Kelly, E.L., Moen, P. & Tranby, E. (2011, April). Changing Workplaces to Reduce Work-Family Conflict: Schedule Control in a White-Collar Organization. American Sociological Review, 76(2), 265-290.
Khan, N. & Khurshid, S. (2017, February). Workplace Stress and Employee Wellbeing: Case of Health Care Staff in UAE. European Scientific Journal, 13(5), 217-226.
Korte, R.F. (2007). The Socialization of Newcomers into Organizations: Integrating Learning and Social Exchange Processes. Retrieved from Institute of Education Sciences website: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED504550.pdf
Kossek, E.E. & Lee, K. (2017, October). Work-Family Conflict and Work-Life Conflict. Retrieved March 24, 2020, from https://oxfordre.com/business/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190224851.001.0001/acrefore-9780190224851-e-52?print=pdf
Njegovan, B.R. & Kostic, B. (2014). Impact of Organizational Socialization Towards Employees’ Social Adaptation. Journal of Engineering Management and Competitiveness, 4(1), 34-40.
Van Kleef, D., Steen, T. & Schott, C. (2017, October 26). Informal Socialization in Public Organizations: Exploring the Impact of Informal Socialization on Enforcement Behavior of Dutch Veterinary Inspectors. Public Administration, 97(1), 81-96.
Zhou, S., Da, S., Guo, H. & Zhang, X. (2018, April 17). Work-Family Conflict and Mental Health Among Female Employees: A Sequential Mediation Model via Negative Affect and Perceived Stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(544), doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00544
Study Document
Effectiveness Of The War On Drugs
… 2016)
IV. Discussion
V. Conclusions
A. The war on drugs is a human rights issue.
B. The war on drugs is illogical and empirical proven to be an illegitimate and ineffective strategy.
C. Drugs have been branded and arbitrarily classified as “socially acceptable” versus “criminal,” when drugs … trade is a new phenomenon, traceable to the Opium Wars first and then to the initial controls placed on chemical compounds as scientific research into their uses expanded in the late 19th and early 20th century. The first drug policy on the books in the United States … economic stability of nations around the world, which is why drug policy reform proves particularly thorny in spite of the fact that no research can substantiate its effectiveness. Quite the opposite: the War on Drugs has led to more lives lost, more crime, and more economic and … none provide tangible support for……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition
“America is At War,” (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://web.stanford.edu/class/e297c/poverty_prejudice/paradox/htele.html
Bambauer, J. Y. (2012). How the war on drugs distorts privacy law. Stanford Law Review 62(2012). Retrieved from: https://www.stanfordlawreview.org/online/how-the-war-on-drugs-distorts-privacy-law/
Benson, B.L., Kim., I., Rasmussen, D.W., et al. (1992, 2006). Is property crime caused by drug use or by drug enforcement policy? Applied Economics 24(7): 679-692.
Best, D., Irving, J. & Albertson, K. (2016). Recovery and desistance: what the emerging recovery movement in the alcohol and drug area can learn from models of desistance from offending. Addiction Research & Theory 25(1): 1-10.
Coomber, R., Moyle, L., Belackova, V., et al. (2018). The burgeoning recognition and accommodation of the social supply of drugs in international criminal justice systems: An eleven-nation comparative overview. International Journal of Drug Policy 58(2018): 98-103.
Coyne, C.J. & Hall, A. R. (2017). Four decades and counting. CATO Institute. Retrieved from: https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/four-decades-counting-continued-failure-war-drugs
Farabee, D., Prendergast, M. & Anglin, M.D. (1998). The effectiveness of coerced treatment for drug-abusing offenders. 62 Fed. Probation 3 (1998).
Study Document
Joe R Feagins White Racial Frame
...Empirical research Explain Joe R. Feagin’s white racial frame. Where did it come from? How is it perpetuated?
This white racial frame is four centuries old and it entails various racial theories and ideologies such as stereotyping and bigotry as well as other aspects of communication such as interlinking interpretations, sounds of language, and emotions. Also covered is people’s inclination to be discriminative in everyday life (Picca et al 2).
The existence of the white racial frame has made it part and parcel of the American experience in both American institutions and minds. The wide perspective it encompasses has made it one of the tenets of the legitimization and maintenance of racism in the country. For many years, extreme racist practices such as slavery were part of the American experience (Picca et al 3).
Enslavement practices began officially in 1607 on the founding of the first English colony at Jamestown. The English……
References
Works cited
Feagin, Joe R. The white racial frame: Centuries of racial framing and counter-framing. Routledge, 2010.
Picca, Leslie H., and Joe R. Feagin. \\"Two-faced racism: Whites in the backstage and frontstage.\\" (2007).
Study Document
Operations Management And Business Strategy
… of the Supply Chain
Khan and Creazza (2005) make the case that product design is integral to the supply chain management process. Their research suggests that products are typically designed to meet identified market needs, and the supply chain designed around the product. But, they argue, if ……
References
References
Aburto, L. & Weber, R. (2005) Improved supply chain management based on hybrid demand forecasts. Applied Soft Computing. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/30284637/demand_forecast_in_a_supermarket_using_a_hybrid_intelligent_system.pdf
CT Magazine (2012) Coffee packaging freshness. Coffee Talk Magazine. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://coffeetalk.com/ctmagazine/10-2012/3926/
Del Valle, G. (2019) Wholesale coffee is cheaper than it has been in years. That’s not good news. Vox. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2019/4/25/18512680/coffee-futures-price-dropping-brazil-currency
Garza, E. & Hoffman, M. (2019) How climate change is killing coffee. Knowledge @ Wharton. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/coffee-climate-change/
Khan, O. & Creazza, A. (2005) The impact of product design on the supply chain. Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265492088_The_Impact_of_Product_Design_on_the_Supply_Chain_The_Impact_of_Product_Design_on_the_Supply_Chain
Manetti, G. & Becatti, L. (2009). Assurance services for sustainability reports: Standards and empirical evidence. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 87 (2009) 289-298.
Mersie, A. (2019) Coffee prices seen rising 25% by year end. Reuters Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-global-coffee-poll/coffee-prices-seen-rising-nearly-25-percent-by-year-end-reuters-poll-idUSKCN1Q11JD
Mordor Intelligence (2017) United States coffee market – growth, trends and forecasts. Mordor Intelligence Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/united-states-coffee-market
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