Criminal Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Racism In The United States
...Criminal Even though slavery was abolished with the 13th Amendment, blacks in the South were still subjected to harsh and unfair treatment throughout the latter half of the 19th century and well into the 20th century. In fact, it would be more than a century after the ratification of the 13th Amendment before the Civil Rights Act would be signed into law—and it would take a major protest led by Martin Luther King, Jr. just to achieve that. From the Mississippi Black Code of 1865 to King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail in 1963, one can see the shape of American history with respect to its race relations.
The historical significance of the Mississippi Black Code of 1865 is that it helped to institutionalize the era of Jim Crow—a time when blacks, who were supposed to be treated as free and equal, continued to be oppressed and harassed by unfair social doctrines.……
References
Works Cited
King, Jr., Martin Luther. “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” 1963.
The Mississippi Black Code of 1865.
Study Document
Learning Goals Real Life Experience And Personal Experience
… considered at the pre-sentencing stage investigations. These investigations are meant to provide presiding judges with comprehensive information about the offender including their prior criminal history, mental health status, medical status, financial status, family status, strengths, special circumstances surround their case, and disposition recommendations meant to balance community ……
Study Document
Chicago Public School System Issues
...Criminal Chicago Public School (CPS) system is the most understaffed in Illinois, where throughout the state the average student to staff ratio is 11 to one. In the CPS system, it is 16 to one—16 students to every one teacher, and that is just going by averages (Sepeda-Miller, 2018). As Laraviere (2019) puts it, “the 20 most adequately staffed school districts in Illinois have 100 staff members for every 500 students.” Yet in CPS, it is just 29 staff for every 500 students (Laraviere, 2019)—which means when compared to the best that Illinois has to offer, Chicago looks like the worst. That is a serious shame for a city and school system that should be recognized and hailed as the state’s top district. Instead, the reality is that there is no maximum limit on classroom size in the CPS system (Guerrero, 2019), and some classes can grow much larger than already……
References
References
Blatchford, P., & Russell, A. (2019). Class size, grouping practices and classroom management. International Journal of Educational Research, 96, 154-163.
Guerrero, M. (2019). Understaffed and overcrowded: Chicago teachers on strike. Retrieved from https://depauliaonline.com/43619/news/understaffed-and-overcrowded-chicago-teachers-on-strike/
Laraviere, T. (2019). Is the teachers' union demanding enough? Retrieved from https://www.chicagobusiness.com/opinion/teachers-union-demanding-enough
Leone, H. (2019). Chicago Public Schools’ enrollment drops another 6,000 students, extending long downward trend. Retrieved from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-cps-chicago-public-schools-enrollment-decline-20191108-u7qkibaptnb7ljyob3frclgldy-story.html
Sepeda-Miller. (2018). Is CPS the most understaffed district in Illinois? Retrieved from https://www.politifact.com/illinois/statements/2018/jun/21/troy-laraviere/cps-most-understaffed-district-illinois/
Study Document
Solitary Nation Documentary
...Criminal Solitary Nation Response: Why Does America Allow Solitary Confinement in Prison
1
The major issue addressed in the documentary Solitary Nation is the role that solitary confinement plays in the incarceration process. Violent inmates are often put in solitary confinement either for punishment or for their own protection. It was a practice that started in the 19th century but was largely abandoned because instead of reforming inmates it made them lose their minds. The practice was re-instituted in the 1980s and the documentary takes a look at the inmates and those running a Maine penitentiary. The documentary notes that prisoners can spend years in segregation or “seg” as they call it—locked away from others for 23 hours a day. One can see from the interviews with these inmates that it is not a form of incarceration that is supportive of mental health. The documentary is meant to raise awareness on this……
Study Document
Scientific Method Applied To Forensic Science Paper
...Criminal The Role of Forensic Science in Crime Scene Investigation
The scientific method begins with the identification of a problem. Questions are asked, data is collected, a hypothesis is formed and then tested. The scientific method is essentially no different from the kind of investigative work that investigators of a crime scene do on a daily basis. They a faced with a problem: a crime has occurred. The questions they must ask are: what happened, why, when, who was involved, where did it occur, and how did it happen? They collect data and using forensic science to analyze the data, they come up with a narrative that answers those questions (Shaler, 2011). Lab work helps to verify the story by providing more evidence that can give more details. This paper will show how the scientific method is applied to forensic science.
The forensic scientific method consists of five steps:
1. Acquisition……
References
References
Gaensslen, R. E., & Larsen, K. (2019). Introductory forensic science (2nd ed.). Retrieved from http://content.ashford.edu/ " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
Gangs
...Criminal Gangs: Membership Prevention intervention suppression
There are various strategies that could be adopted in an attempt to reign in the gang membership problem. The strategies offered by youth.Gov, a U.S. government resource for the creation and maintenance of sound youth programs, would come in handy in this regard. The said strategies could be grouped into three main categories, i.e. prevention, intervention, and suppression responses. One strategy relates to strengthening families. It is important to note that “gang members often come from homes where they feel alienated or neglected” (Chaskin 97). It is this feeling and experience of neglect and/or alienation that motivates the said youths to seek solace in gang membership. Thus, strategies meant to strengthen families would be effective in seeking to prevent gang membership. Such strategies could be inclusive of sensitizing families on the various conflict resolution strategies they could pursue in case of misunderstandings, ensuring that there are……
References
Works Cited
Chaskin, Robert. Youth Gangs and Community Intervention: Research, Practice, and Evidence. Columbia University Press, 2010.
Study Document
Gangs In New York City
...Criminal Gangs are a reality in most cities and neighborhoods. To a large extent, gangs thrive on membership – effectively meaning that they strive to recruit new members and ensure that those within the ‘family’ stay. Towards this end, gangs have been known to prey on various targets – including second-generation immigrants and high school/college students - in an attempt to soar their membership and protect certain interests. New York City has a rich history of gang activity. This text concerns itself with gang activity within New York City. In so doing, it will not only give a concise description of the origin of gang activity in the city, but also highlight key facts relating to gangs in the city.
Discussion
From the onset, it is important to note that today, gangs can be found in almost all five boroughs of the city. In seeking to chart gang activity in New……
References
References
Asbury, H. (2016). The Gangs of New York: An Informal History of the Underworld. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.
Chapman, B. (2019). Shootings Rise in New York City, but Overall Crime Stays Low. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/shootings-rise-in-new-york-city-but-overall-crime-stays-low-11567633762
Mangual, R.A. (2019). No, NYC can’t afford to stop tracking gang members. Retrieved from https://nypost.com/2019/12/24/no-nyc-cant-afford-to-stop-tracking-gang-members/
Watkins, A. (2019). Why Violence Is Spiking in Pockets of Brooklyn, Even as the City Gets Safer. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/29/nyregion/murder-rate-nyc.html
Study Document
Digital Forensics Importance Of Hash Values
...Criminal Hash Values in Digital Forensics
Introduction
Hash values denote condensed representations of digitized or binary content within digital material; however, they offer no additional information pertaining to the contents of any material interpretable by an individual. Moreover, the hash function is algorithms that convert variable-sized text quantities into hash values (which are fixed-sized outputs). Also called “cryptographic hash functions,” they facilitate the development of digital signatures, short textual condensations, and hash tables for the purpose of analysis (Fang et al., 2011; Kumar et al., 2012). In this paper, hash functions and their significance will be addressed.
Description
H (hash function) represents a transformation taking variable-sized input „m? and returning fixed-sized strings (h or hash value; i.e., h = H (m)) (Kumar et al., 2012). The hash functions possessing only the above property can be put to various broad computational uses; however, when applied to cryptography, they normally possess a few……
References
References
Fang, J., Jiang, Z. L., Yiu, S. M., & Hui, L. C. (2011). An efficient scheme for hard disk integrity check-in digital forensics by hashing with combinatorial group testing. International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications.
Kaya, M., & Eris, M. (2017). Hash-based block matching for digital evidence image files from forensic software tools. World Academy of Science, Engineering, and Technology, International Journal of Computer, Electrical, Automation, Control and Information Engineering, 11(10), 1068-1071.
Kumar, K., Sofat, S., Jain, S. K., & Aggarwal, N. (2012). SIGNIFICANCE of hash value generation in digital forensic: A case study. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 2(5), 64-70.
Netherlands Forensic Institute, (2018a). Technical Supplement Forensic Use of Hash Values and Associated Hash Algorithms. Ministry of Justice and security.
Rasjid, Z. E., Soewito, B., Witjaksono, G., & Abdurachman, E. (2017). A review of collisions in cryptographic hash function used in digital forensic tools. Procedia computer science, 116, 381-392.
Study Document
Constitutional Rights And Administrative Goals
...Criminal The 8th Amendment and Prison Life
Not all of an individual’s Constitutional rights are lost the moment the person is incarcerated. On the contrary, it is there that they become more important than ever because it is in the penitentiary that individuals are essentially cut off from society and at the mercy of the correctional system. The correctional system must, therefore, maintain a degree of authenticity and transparency so that society can be assured that prisoners are treated humanely and in accordance with their Constitutional rights. At the same time the correctional system has to take issues such as security, effective administration, and cultural sensitivity. This paper will show that when it comes to the rights of the incarcerated, the correctional system must be fair and equitable in their treatment and handling of prisoners.
Wolff v. McDonnell, 418 U.S. 539 (1974) was the United States Supreme Court case that set the record straight on……
References
References
Compton, M. T., Anderson, S., Broussard, B., Ellis, S., Halpern, B., Pauselli, L., . . . Johnson, M. (2017). A potential new form of jail diversion and reconnection to mental health services: II. Demonstration of feasibility. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 35(5–6), 492–500. doi:10.1002/bsl.2319
Oaks, D. H. (1965). Habeas corpus in the states: 1776-1865. The University of Chicago Law Review, 32(2), 243-288.
Richmond, C. (2015). Toward a More Constitutional Approach to Solitary Confinement: The Case for Reform. Harv. J. on Legis., 52, 1.
Stojkovic, S., & Lovell, R. (2019). Corrections: An introduction (2nd Ed.). Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu
UPI. (2018). Justice Department: Alabama prisons may violate 8th Amendment. Retrieved from https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2019/04/03/Justice-Department-Alabama-prisons-may-violate-8th-Amendment/8921554309036/
Study Document
Forensic Science And Crime Scene Investigation
...Criminal Response to Reketer Barber
The popularity of shows like CSI has led to widespread misperceptions about the quality and nature of forensic science. As you point out, the CSI effect could lead to wrongful acquittals, but it is equally possible that jurors might wrongfully convict based on perceptions of the strength of forensic evidence admitted into the trial. As Gaensslen & Larsen (2019) “jurors bring expectations to the jury room that are based on watching television,” (1.1). One of those expectations is related to the amount of time it takes to process forensic evidence. On television, the scripted shows make it seem like forensic evidence is processed almost instantaneously, and that the results offer cut and dry facts, when in reality the time it takes to process the data is much longer and the results less conclusive.
Response to Barbara Larios
It is interesting to focus on both the sentencing……
References
References
Gaensslen, R. E., & Larsen, K. (2019). Introductory forensic science (2nd ed.). Retrieved from http://content.ashford.edu/ " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
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