Conflict Decision Making Essays (Examples)
Study Document
End Of Life Decision Making Ethics
… want to prolong the father’s suffering unnecessarily. Yet the health care providers have to respect the family’s wishes and in the case of conflict, with the son bowing out and the daughter taking charge, the health care providers have to continue to provide care even though—as the ……
References
References
Bronzino, J. D., & Peterson, D. R. (2016). Bene?cence, Nonmale?cence, and Medical Technology. In Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs (pp. 1259-1266). CRC Press.
Garrido, M. M., Balboni, T. A., Maciejewski, P. K., Bao, Y., & Prigerson, H. G. (2015). Quality of life and cost of care at the end of life: the role of advance directives. Journal of pain and symptom management, 49(5), 828-835.
Karnik, S., & Kanekar, A. (2016). Ethical issues surrounding end-of-life care: a narrative review. In Healthcare (Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 24). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
Marijic, P., Buss, A., & Strupeit, S. (2017). Autonomy and social participation of nursing home residents: nurses’perspectives. Innovation in Aging, 1(Suppl 1), 886.
Plakovic, K. (2016). Burdens Versus Benefits: When Family Has to Decide How Much Is Too Much. Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing, 18(5), 382-387.
Sen, A. (1983). Evaluator relativity and consequential evaluation. Philosophy & Public Affairs, 113-132.
Weissman, D. E. (1999). Do not resuscitate orders: a call for reform. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 2(2), 149-152.
Yuen, J. K., Reid, M. C., & Fetters, M. D. (2011). Hospital do-not-resuscitate orders: why they have failed and how to fix them. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 26(7), 791-797.
Study Document
Influence Of Political Interests Groups On The Educational Policy
Budget and Resource Allocation Influence of Political Interest Groups on the Educational Policy Making Process
Introduction
State support for public education has wavered over time as a consequence of other competing interests. This is more so the … political forces having an impact on state fiscal policy. This text concerns itself with the influence of political interest groups on the educational policy-making process, with regard to budget and resource allocation. The context of this particular discussion will be Florida and Texas.
Discussion
Interest groups do … laws and regulations that govern a wide range of aspects including, but not limited to, freedom of information, asset disclosure, as well as conflict of interest and lobbying. It therefore follows that political interest groups ought to be allowed to flourish especially given their relevance from diverse … competition for resources at the state level will most likely to continue. Without the specific influence……
References
References
Abbott, I., Rathbone, M. & Whitehead, P. (2012). Education Policy. New York, NY: SAGE.
Anderson, J.E. (2003).Public Policy-Making. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.
Delaney, J. A., & Doyle, W. R. (2007). The role of higher education in state budgets. Journal of Education Finance, 36(4), 343-268.
Grapevine. (2016). Appropriations: State Tax Funds for Operating Expenses of Higher Education, 1983-1984. Retrieved from: https://education.illinoisstate.edu/grapevine/tables/
Larrabee, B. (2016). Education groups put big money into political causes. Retrieved from https://www.gainesville.com/news/20160828/education-groups-put-big-money-into-political-causes
Tandberg, D. A. (2009). Interest groups and governmental institutions: The politics of state funding of public higher education. Educational Policy, 24(5), 104-117.
Vote Smart (2020). Texas Education Special Interest Groups. Retrieved from https://votesmart.org/interest-groups/TX/27#.XrVCzsBRW00
Vote Smart (2020). Florida Education Special Interest Groups. Retrieved from https://votesmart.org/interest-groups/FL/27#.XrVKScBRW01
Study Document
Healthcare Ethics Bioethics Decisions
… the infant would have trouble with bile production even with a new liver.
In fact, the only way to really make an informed decision in this case is to eschew any immediate emotional response to the four candidates and consider only the issue of which candidate will … pitfalls associated with adherence to only one ethical theory like utilitarianism or deontology.
Ethical principles become guiding forces to help people make ethical decision in cases as troubling as this one, involving who would be the ideal recipient for a precious organ. The primary ethical principles in … four guiding principles that can be applied to difficult situations (“Principlesd of Ethics,” n.d.). These ethical principles are based…[break]…candidate than Michael.
Recommendations
Before making any decision, the healthcare team needs to conduct a more thorough examination of the biomarkers that affect the recipient’s ability to tolerate the liver, such … suitability and compatibility……
References
References
“Ethical Theory and Bioethics,” (n.d.).
“Principles of Ethics,” (n.d.).
Steinbock, B., London, A.J. & Arras, J.D. (n.d.). Ethical issues in modern medicine. 8th edition. McGraw Hill.
Study Document
C Suite Executive Leadership And Ethics
Beliefs, Practices, Challenges
Persons in positions of leadership inevitably encounter major ethical dilemmas and in fact make ethical decision on a daily basis. Interviews with senior executives can reveal the complexities of ethical decision making at the executive level, as personal morals frequently disconnect from the ethical culture governing the organization or the industry’s regulatory climate (Bailey & … personal ethical beliefs clash with the prevailing norms and values in the field. Employee diversity adds to the complications involved in executive ethical decision-making, according to Linden. The predominant ethical challenges usually relate to balancing two equally compelling ethical objectives, or weighing the pros and cons of … to Linden. The predominant ethical challenges usually relate to balancing two equally compelling ethical objectives, or weighing the pros and cons of a decision when there are no clear black-and-white resolutions. No genuine dilemma has a straightforward answer; it is not as if……
References
References
Bailey, C. & Shantz, A. (2018). Creating an ethically strong organization. MIT Sloan Management Review. http://ilp.mit.edu/media/news_articles/smr/2018/60101.pdf
Crossan, M., Mazutis, D. & Seijts, G. (2013). In search of virtue. Journal of Business Ethics 113(4): 567-581.
Hatcher, T. (2008). The value of values in the C-suite. In Sims, R.R. & Quatro, S.A. (Eds.) Executive Ethics. Charlotte: IAP, pp. 97-122.
Hoekstra, E., Bell, A. & Peterson, S.R. (2008). Humility in Leadership: Abandoning the Pursuit of Unattainable Perfection. In S.A. Quatro & R. R. Sims (Eds.), Executive Ethics: Ethical Dilemmas and Challenges for the C-Suite. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, pp. 79-96.
MacDougall, A.E., Bagdarasov, Z. & Buckley, M.R. (2008). Applying a primary risk management model to the C-suite. In Sims, R.R. & Quatro, S.A. (Eds.) Executive Ethics. Second Edition. Charlotte: IAP, pp. 211-234.
Martin, R. (2011). The CEO\\\\'s ethical dilemma in the era of earnings management. Strategy & Leadership 39(6): 43-47.
Schwartz, M.S. (2013). Developing and sustaining an ethical corporate culture: The core elements. Business Horizons 56(1): 39-50.
Study Document
Using Tactical Empathy And Effective Silence To Negotiate An Outcome
… important because it would only dehydrate and dull the senses. Among a group of sailors, the captain should have the most voice when making a decision about determining what items are most important, and just because the ship has sunk does not mean the captain has gone down with … the life raft has equal status and rank, the need to negotiate which items are most important has to be considered.
Dealing with conflict
In any negotiation there will be conflict. conflict is the result of individual parties wanting different or opposing things. conflict theory can help to explain conflict especially in light of negotiation, as it is based on the idea of Marx and is predicated on the notion that society is … engaged in a continuous struggle that comes about as a result of there only being a finite supply of resources. From this seed, conflict theory……
References
References
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2014). Do role models matter? An investigation of role modeling as an antecedent of perceived ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 122(4), 587-598.
Combs, J. P., Harris, S., & Edmonson, S. (2015). Four Essential Practices for Building Trust. Educational Leadership, 72(7), 18-22.
Fisher, R. & Ury, W. (1991). Getting to Yes. NY: Penguin.
Lunenburg, F. C. (2012). Power and leadership: An influence process. International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration, 15(1), 1-9.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.
Ritzer, G. & Stepnisky, J. (2017). Modern sociological theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Singh-Sengupta, S. (1997). Leadership: A Style or an Influence Process. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 265-286.
Study Document
Clinical Informatics
Clinical decision Support and Electronic Health Records
Introduction
Information technology has revolutionized nearly every aspect of life, from how people recreate to how they work. … today nurse leaders do not have adequate access to EMR. Without adequate access to EMR, nurse leader cannot engage in effective or timely decision-making (Sousa et al., 2017). Nursing research has to focus more on how to positive integrate EMR systems into nurse workplaces. One of the … physicians with information that is mined from a patient’s record and used to aid the care provider in the diagnosis of symptoms. Treatment decision can likewise be facilitated in this regard. EMR can also come with clinical parameters that provide clinicians with a way to be notified … to be notified when a patient’s critical health levels are reached. For instance, if a patient has a history of hypertension, the clinical decision support system can be……
References
References
Cho, O. M., Kim, H., Lee, Y. W., & Cho, I. (2016). Clinical alarms in intensive care units: Perceived obstacles of alarm management and alarm fatigue in nurses. Healthcare informatics research, 22(1), 46-53.
Effken, J., Weaver, C., Cochran, K., Androwich, I., & O’Brien, A. (2016). Toward a central repository for sharing nursing informatics’ best practices. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 34(6), 245-246.
Elsayed, W. A., Hussein, F. M., & Othman, W. N. (2017). Relation between nursing informatics competency and nurses’ attitude toward evidence-based practice among qualified nurses at Mansoura Oncology Center. International Journal of Nursing Didactics, 7(6), 26-33.
Drolet, B. C., Marwaha, J. S., Hyatt, B., Blazar, P. E., & Lifchez, S. D. (2017). Electronic communication of protected health information: privacy, security, and HIPAA compliance. The Journal of hand surgery, 42(6), 411-416.
Haupeltshofer, A., Egerer, V., & Seeling, S. (2020). Promoting health literacy: What potential does nursing informatics offer to support older adults in the use of technology? A scoping review. Health Informatics Journal, 1460458220933417.
Kharbanda, E. O., Asche, S. E., Sinaiko, A. R., Ekstrom, H. L., Nordin, J. D., Sherwood, N. E., & O’Connor, P. (2018). Clinical decision support for recognition and management of hypertension: a randomized trial. Pediatrics, 141(2).
Khezri, H., & Abdekhoda, M. (2019). Assessing nurses’ informatics competency and identifying its related factors. Journal of Research in Nursing, 24(7), 529-538.
Kleib, M., & Nagle, L. (2018). Factors associated with Canadian nurses\\\\\\\\\\\\' informatics competency. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 36(8), 406-415.
Study Document
Angleton S Counterintelligence Program And What Went Wrong
… provide insight into what went wrong with counterintelligence and how those problems can be prevented in the future. It uses a combination of conflict theory, structural functionalism and critical theory to explore the dimensions of counterintelligence in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. The research design is qualitative … have always included work within private industry, but in many cases…[break]…problems that arose within the counterintelligence program from the 1950s to the 1970s. conflict theory was posited as a response to structural functionalism, and critical theory arose out of the failure of conflict theory to fully account for the failure of the Marxist prophecy, so by itself it is an inadequate theory—but in combination with others, … so by itself it is an inadequate theory—but in combination with others, and with a focus on how ethics play a part in decision-making—it can help to explain the complex nature of the subject……
References
Reference List
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35.2 (2012), 77-99.
Bartos, C. and P. Wehr. 2002. Using conflict theory. UK: University of Cambridge.
Bellaby, Ross. "What's the Harm? The Ethics of Intelligence Collection." Intelligence and National Security 27, no. 1 (2012): 93-117.
Church Committee. “Final report of the Select committee to study governmental operations With respect to Intelligence activities United states senate Together with Additional, supplemental, and separate Views.” Intelligence.senate.gov, 1976. https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_I.pdf
Coyne, John, Peter Bell, and Shannon Merrington. "Exploring ethics in intelligence and the role of leadership." Interntional Journal of Business and Commerce 2, no. 10 (2013): 27-37.
Erskine, Toni. "'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering." Intelligence & National Security 19, no. 2 (2004): 359-381.
Nakashima, Ellen. “Top counterintelligence official challenges the private sector to step up defenses against foreign spying.” Washington Post, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/top-counterintelligence-official-challenges-the-private-sector-to-step-up-defenses-against-foreign-spying/2020/02/10/d842d83c-4c15-11ea-9b5c-eac5b16dafaa_story.html
Study Document
How Media Coverage Of Operation Desert Storm Was Influenced By The
… topic is important to analyze today because the Middle East remains a global hotspot with the very real potential to erupt in other conflict with Western powers in general and the United States in particular. To determine the facts, the overarching purpose of this paper is to … of the humanities that were involved in the lead-up and aftermath of Operation Desert Storm, a critical analysis of the situation and salient post-conflict recommendations. Finally, a summary of the results of the literature review and the key findings that emerged from the research are presented in … hours which left Hussein in power, an outcome that was highly controversial then and now (Taylor, 2015).
Against the backdrop of other military conflict prosecuted by the United States, the 300 or so casualties (see Appendix A) that resulted from this “100-hour war” were incredibly minimal, but … the corresponding human behaviors that……
References
References
Curtis, J. (2015, November). Reflecting on strategic results of Operation Desert Storm. Army, 65(11), 24-27.
Khan, H. (2011, July 1). An unbiased estimate of present American competitiveness from deontological and teleological perspectives of utilitarianism. Competition Forum, 9(2), 348-352.
Klotzer, C. L. (2002, October). A lesson for Americans: Desert Storm operation reports were full of lies and distortions. St. Louis Journalism Review, 32(250), 34-39.
Lindsey, J. M. & Smith, C. (2003, Summer). Rally 'round the flag: Opinion in the United States before and after the Iraq War. Brookings Review, 21(3), 20-24.
Operation Desert Storm. (2020). U.S. History. Retrieved from https://www.ushistory.org/ us/60a.asp.
Stilwell, B. (2015, September 12). 21 facts about the first Gulf War. Military.com. Retrieved from https://www.military.com/undertheradar/2015/09/21-facts-about-the-first-gulf-war .
Taylor, A. (2016, January 14). Operation Desert Storm: 25 years since the first Gulf War. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2016/01/operation-desert-storm-25-years-since-the-first-gulf-war/424191/ .
Tilford, K. H., Jr. (1993, Summer). Review: The meaning of victory in Operation Desert Storm: A review essay. Political Science Quarterly, 108(2), 327-331.
Study Document
Counterintelligence Issues Within United States
… In counterintelligence, there is even less emphasis on ethical cohesion; as Valentine (2016) has revealed, the history of US counterintelligence is fraught with conflict of interest, human failings, ulterior motives, problematic relationships, and questionable tactics (33-39). Counterintelligence has often been linked with the idea of national security, … operations could be used to deliberately leak false information to known foreign actors, but doing so runs the risk of escalating a larger conflict among nations, as Bernardi (2013) notes, and from an ethical standpoint it is difficult to determine where the line should be in terms … the FBN was eventually closed for that reason (Valentine 2016).
Summation
Since counterintelligence came to maturity in the US in an era of conflict, it is helpful to approach the subject from the standpoint of conflict theory and the theories developed around it, all of which focus on the ways in which power……
References
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. \\\\\\"The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles.\\\\\\" Bachelor\\\\\\'s thesis, Università Ca\\\\\\'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. \\\\\\"\\\\\\'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul\\\\\\'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering.\\\\\\" Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. \\\\\\"Strategic denial and deception.\\\\\\" International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Horkheimer, Max. 1972. Critical Theory. New York: Seabury Press.
Intelligence and National Security Alliance. 2020. Counterintelligence for the 21st Century. Arlington, VA.
Study Document
Cyber Espionage
...Conflict decision making Abstract
Cyber espionage has become a critical component of modern cyber warfare as nation-states increasingly rely on cyberspace. However, cyber espionage had generated concerns regarding its acceptability given its potential threats to national security. This study explores the proposition that cyber security should be deemed an acceptable state behavior while cyber attack is unacceptable. This study seeks to answer the question, “How is cyber espionage an acceptable state behavior for intelligence gathering though it is a form of unacceptable cyberattack?” Background information to provide the context for this study is discussed as well as a review of existing literature on the topic. A qualitative case study research design based on the Just War Theory will be utilized to conduct this research. Data will be collected from professionals in international relations and cyber security as well as existing publications on recent cyber espionage activities by China and Russia.
Keywords: cyber espionage,……
References
Bibliography
Agarwal A. & CERT-IN. “Cyber Espionage, Infiltration and Combating Techniques.” Indian Computer Emergency Response Team, 2013. https://www.cert-in.org.in/Downloader?pageid=5&type=2&fileName=CIPS-2013-0128.pdf
Banks, W.C. “Cyber Espionage and Electronic Surveillance: Beyond the Media Coverage.” Emory law Journal 66, (2017).
Georgieva, I. “The Unexpected Norm-Setters: Intelligence Agencies in Cyberspace.” Contemporary Security Policy (2019).
Hjortdal, M. “China’s Use of Cyber Warfare: Espionage Meets Strategic Deterrence.” Journal of Strategic Security 4, no. 2 (2011).
Libicki, M. “The Coming of Cyber Espionage Norms.” 9th International Conference on Cyber Conflict, 2017. https://ccdcoe.org/uploads/2018/10/Art-01-The-Coming-of-Cyber-Espionage-Norms.pdf
National Counterintelligence and Security Center. “Foreign Economic Espionage in Cyberspace.” Office of the Director of National Intelligence, 2018. https://www.dni.gov/files/NCSC/documents/news/20180724-economic-espionage-pub.pdf
Rubenstein, D. “Nation State Cyber Espionage and its Impacts.” Washington University in St. Louis, December 2014. https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse571-14/ftp/cyber_espionage/
Weissbrodt, D. “Cyber-Conflict, Cyber-Crime, and Cyber-Espionage.” Minnesota Journal of International Law 22, no. 2 (2013).
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