Cognitive Development Essays (Examples)

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Cognitive Theory Clinical Social Work Practice

Pages: 7 (2210 words) Sources: 11 Document Type:question answer Document #:73366521

… both internal psychodynamics and environmental determinism are regarded as important for proper social work practice. Recent contributions made to the theoretical groundwork by cognitive-behavioral studies show that both needs can be dealt with simultaneously. Social work practice is anchored on the important, perhaps pivotal, notion that overall … usually the sum of both environmental and personal realities. Though yet to be developed thoroughly into a formal and widely accepted paradigm, the cognitive learning perspective draws from several perspectives including clinical experience, behaviorism, and cognitive psychology (Berlin, 1987).
According to the Code of Ethics published by the National Association of Social Workers (1996), there is a need to … of human connection and, therefore, a need for social workers to engage with clients on that level and as partners. From the time cognitive theory began being adopted, therapeutic relationship was redefined into more of a collaborative effort between a social……

References

Bibliography

Adefolalu, A. O. (2018). Cognitive-behavioural theories and adherence: Application and relevance in antiretroviral therapy. South Afr J HIV Med., 762.

Bandura A. Organizational applications of social cognitive theory. Aust J Manage. 1988;13(2):275–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/031289628801300210 [Google Scholar]

Berlin, S. B. (1987). Cognitive behavioral interventions for social work practice. National Association of Social Workers, Inc.

Gitterman, A., & Heller, N. (2011). Integrating Social Work Perspectives and Models with Concepts, Methods and Skills with Other Professions’ Specialized Approaches. Clinical Social Work Journal, 204-211.

Gonzalez-Prendes, A. (2012). Cognitive-behavioral practice and social work values: A critical analysis. Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics.

National Association of Social Workers. (1996). Code of Ethics. Retrieved from http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/code.asp.

Nevill, D. (2014). Positive Interventions: Developing a Theoretical Model to Guide Their Development and Use. Master of Applied Positive Psychology (MAPP) Capstone Projects.

Parks, A. C., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2013). Positive interventions: Past, present, and future. In T. Kashdan & J. Ciarrochi (Eds.), Mindfulness, acceptance, and positive psychology: The seven foundations of well-being (pp.140-165). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications

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Poverty And Education The Problem And The Solution

Pages: 9 (2580 words) Sources: 7 Document Type:Essay Document #:73771272

… and to progress academically in school. To this perspective, income poverty, parental inputs, and family background, all have a considerable impact on the cognitive development of young children. The impact of income poverty on children's cognitive development is negative and significant. This negative effect is more significant for persistent poverty as it is more harmful to cognitive development than period to period poverty. It is noteworthy that teachers could play an essential role in helping students from low-income families when students … that teachers could play an essential role in helping students from low-income families when students face economic and educational challenges. The solution is development appropriate, and culturally sensitive interventions such as the EAP could help young children from low SES families to improve their literacy skills, prepare ……

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Bibliography

The Problem

Compton-Lilly, C., & Delbridge, A. (2019). What Can Parents Tell Us About Poverty and Literacy Learning? Listening to Parents Over Time. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 62(5), 531–539.

Dickerson, A., & Popli, G. K. (2016). Persistent poverty and children\\\\\\\\\\\\'s cognitive development: evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society), 179(2), 535-558.

Hampden-Thompson, G., & Galindo, C. (2017). School-family relationships, school satisfaction, and the academic achievement of young people. Educational Review, 69(2), 248–265.

Thompson, K., Richardson, L. P., Newman, H., & George, K. (2019). Interaction Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Emerging Literacy and Literacy Skills among Pre-Kindergarten and Kindergarten Children: A Comparison Study. Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice, 4(1), 5.

The Solution

Borre, A., Bernhard, J., Bleiker, C., & Winsler, A. (2019). Preschool Literacy Intervention for Low-Income, Ethnically Diverse Children: Effects of the Early Authors Program Through Kindergarten. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 24(2), 132–153.

Comber, B., & Kamler, B. (2004). Getting Out of Deficit: Pedagogies of reconnection. Teaching Education, 15(3), 293–310.

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Dementia Inevitable Or Preventable

Pages: 6 (1785 words) Sources: 5 Document Type:Research Paper Document #:89668895

Introduction
Dementia is a degenerative cognitive health issue that primarily affects the elderly population and is characterized by “impairments in cognitive and intellectual ability, memory, language, reasoning, and judgment,” all of which interfere with the individual’s ability to function in everyday life (Agency for … that Livingston et al. (2017) recommend start as early as childhood with increased levels of childhood education in order to strengthen the child’s cognitive development and abilities. The researchers also recommend exercising regularly, not smoking, and having an active social life—which they not has positive stimulating effects on … only within the right set of circumstances, but it is an intriguing idea to verify whether the promotion of a high level of cognitive engagement at an early age for children makes a difference on the onset of dementia in later age. It would be a study ……

References

References

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2015). Non-pharmacologic Interventions for Agitation and Aggression in Dementia. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from http://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/index.cfm/search-for-guides-reviews-and-reports/?productid=1999&pageaction=displayproduct

Livingston, G., Sommerlad, A., Orgeta, V., Costafreda, S. G., Huntley, J., Ames, D., ... & Cooper, C. (2017). Dementia prevention, intervention, and care. The Lancet, 390(10113), 2673-2734.

McCleery, J., Abraham, R. P., Denton, D. A., Rutjes, A. W., Chong, L. Y., Al?Assaf, A.S., ... & Di Nisio, M. (2018). Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (11).

Van Baal, P. H., Hoogendoorn, M., & Fischer, A. (2016). Preventing dementia by promoting physical activity and the long-term impact on health and social care expenditures. Preventive medicine, 85, 78-83.

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Treatment Versus Punishment

Pages: 9 (2700 words) Sources: 16 Document Type:Research Paper Document #:36031535

… should be used for juvenile offenders, it is important to remember that juveniles are still developing into adults: their minds, bodies, impulses and cognitive processes are still in formation phases and they do not have the kind of control that one might expect or assume of an … are in serious need of help. The justice system should adopt a more humane approach to juveniles because they are still in a development process. As one ages, the phases of development stretch out and last for many more years (Santrock, 2019). According to Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development human beings develop in psychosocial stages and are motivated by a social desire or need to be with other people (Santrock, 2019). For … psychosocial stages and are motivated by a social desire or need to be with other people (Santrock, 2019). For juveniles, the phases of development are intense and confusing……

References

References

Agnew, R. (2008). Strain Theory. In V. Parrillo (Ed.), Encyclopedia of social problems. (pp. 904-906). Thousand Oaks: SAGE.

Cramer, M. (2014). Parole Board releases 2nd man convicted of murder as juvenile. Retrieved from  https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2014/08/06/parole-board-releases-man-convicted-murder-while-juvenile/REwVVe3aR9leuRVMpZsN6O/story.html 

Diskin, M. (2018). New law will put limits. Retrieved from  https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/local/2018/10/11/new-california-law-means-teen-suspect-oxnard-murders-cannot-tried-adult/1535518002/ 

Fritz, J. K. (2015). Diverting young offenders from prison is ‘smart justice.’ Education Digest, 81(2), 53-55.

Jannetta, J., & Okeke, C. (2017). Strategies for Reducing Criminal and Juvenile Justice Involvement. Building Ladders of Opportunity for Young People in the Great Lakes States, brief, 4. Retrieved from  https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/94516/strategies-for-reducing-criminal-and-juvenile-justice-involvement_2.pdf 

Johnson, T., Quintana, E., Kelly, D. A., Graves, C., Schub, O., Newman, P., & Casas, C. (2015). Restorative Justice Hubs Concept Paper. Revista de Mediación, 8(2), 2340-9754.

McCarthy, P., Schiraldi, V., & Shark, M. (2016). The future of youth justice: A community-based alternative to the youth prison model. US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice.

Meli, L. (2014). Hate Crime and Punishment: Why Typical Punishment Does Not Fit the Crime. U. Ill. L. Rev., 921.

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Pediatric Nursing And Gastroenteritis

Pages: 11 (3217 words) Sources: 7 Document Type:Case Study Document #:91020805

… varying behavior changes, which can be drastic sometimes (Caplin& Cooper, 2007).
One of the common reactions by children to hospitalization is that their development tends to regress. It involves losing some of what they had gained and learned earlier. It also happens to be a predictable reaction … It helps them cope with the hospital experience. The regression is usually reversed as soon as the hospitalization term ends. A continuum of development is shown when an approach that is tied to the age of the hospitalized patient is used (Caplin& Cooper, 2007).
Children in pre-school … pre-school tend to tolerate separation from their parents more, compared to toddlers. It has been observed that at the pre-school stage, the children's cognitive repertoire is more developed and can understand that the pare3nt who is absent will come back. Still, though, the advanced memory and imagination … the wellbeing of children and……

References

References

Campos, M. C., Rodrigues, K. C. S., & Pinto, M. C. M. (2010). Evaluation of the behavior of the pre-school one just admitted in the unit of pediatrics and the use of the therapeutic toy. Einstein (São Paulo), 8(1), 10-17.

Caplin, D., & Cooper, M. (2007). Child development for inpatient medicine. In Comprehensive pediatric hospital medicine (pp. 1285-1292). Mosby.

Emde, R. N., & Harmon, R. J. (Eds.). (2012). Continuities and discontinuities in development. Springer Science & Business Media.

Hockenberry, M. J., & Wilson, D. (2019). Wong\\\\\\\\\\\\'s nursing care of infants and children E-book. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Koukourikos, K., Tzeha, L., Pantelidou, P., & Tsaloglidou, A. (2015). The Importance of Play during Hospitalization of Children. Materia socio-medica, 27(6), 438–441.  https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2015.27.438-441 

Li, W. H., Chung, J. O. K., Ho, K. Y., & Kwok, B. M. C. (2016). Play interventions to reduce anxiety and negative emotions in hospitalized children. BMC pediatrics, 16(1), 36.

National Collaborating Centre for Women\\\\\\\\\\\\'s and Children\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Health; UK. (2009). Diarrhea and vomiting caused by gastroenteritis: diagnosis, assessment, and management in children younger than 5 years.

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Adolescent Psychosocial Assessment

Pages: 10 (2865 words) Sources: 8 Document Type:Case Study Document #:54875989

… I love watching T.V., taking part in sports, creative activities, reading, and listening to music.
SECTION II –THEORY/THEORIST(S), CONCEPTS OF HUMAN GROWTH AND development
1. Choose any two theories/theorists on the effect of the social environment on human behavior and one theory/theorist on, Person-In-Environment (PIE).
Social Learning … on, Person-In-Environment (PIE).
Social Learning Theory
According to Bandura, a crititcal element of human learning occurs through imitation. Of course, imitation involves some cognitive processes. A lot of information is gained when we simply look at models. W consequently code what we see on our minds. The … to punish and reward what they do (Crain, 2014)
Psychosocial theory
Erik Erikson, on his part, opined that all humans pass through eight development stages –from when they are born until they die. The adolescent stage demands that one discovers that they are separate entities from their … (Reubins&Reubins, 2014).
The stage also……

References

References

Alexander Jr, R. (2010). The Impact of Poverty on African American Children in the Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice Systems. In Forum on Public Policy Online (Vol. 2010, No. 4). Oxford Round Table. 406 West Florida Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801.

Belgrave, F. Z., & Allison, K. W. (2009). African American psychology: From Africa to America. Los Angeles: Sage.

Brittian A. S. (2012). Understanding African American Adolescents\\\\\\' Identity Development: A Relational Developmental Systems Perspective. The Journal of black psychology, 38(2), 172–200.  https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798411414570 

Chávez, R. (2016). Psychosocial development factors associated with occupational and vocational identity between infancy and adolescence. Adolescent Research Review, 1(4), 307-327.

Crain, W. C. (2014). Theories of development: Concepts and applications. Harlow, Essex: Pearson.

Fernandes-Alcantara, A. L. (2018). Vulnerable Youth: Background and policies.Congressional Research Service

Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2015). Theories of human development. Psychology Press.

Reubins, B. M., &Reubins, M. S. (2014). Pioneers of child psychoanalysis: Influential theories and practices in healthy child development. London: Karnac.

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Drug Abuse

Pages: 8 (2545 words) Sources: 21 Document Type:literature review Document #:24528043

… 2018). This is a serious problem and the impacts of this problem need to be better understood as they likely extend beyond the development effects and impact society as well. The population involved in this study is the young school age population—specifically children who are between ages … findings show that the situation is dire and the general impact of drug abuse among school children in the developed world includes: negative cognitive development, increased risky behavior, lack of productivity, decline in living standards and familial relations, decline in social or civic duty, and a decline in … more children are experimenting with drugs, and they are damaging the structure of their brains, as their brains are still in a highly development stage and are easily impacted by chemicals introduced and abused in the body. The more that society allows drugs to become socially accepted ……

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References

Baggio, S., Spilka, S., Studer, J., Iglesias, K., & Gmel, G. (2016). Trajectories of drug use among French young people: Prototypical stages of involvement in illicit drug use. Journal of Substance Use, 21(5), 485-490.

Bonyani, A., Safaeian, L., Chehrazi, M., Etedali, A., Zaghian, M., & Mashhadian, F. (2018). A high school-based education concerning drug abuse prevention. Journal of education and health promotion, 7.

Chu, Y. W. L. (2015). Do medical marijuana laws increase hard-drug use?. The Journal of Law and Economics, 58(2), 481-517.

Downes, D. (2017). The drug addict as a folk devil. In Drugs and politics (pp. 89-97). Routledge.

Goodchild, M., Nargis, N., & d\\'Espaignet, E. T. (2018). Global economic cost of smoking-attributable diseases. Tobacco control, 27(1), 58-64.

Grant, C. N., & Bélanger, R. E. (2017). Cannabis and Canada’s children and youth.  Paediatrics & child health, 22(2), 98-102.

Herbert, A., Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A., McGhee, J., Li, L., & Gilbert, R. (2016). Time-trends in rates of hospital admission of adolescents for violent, self-inflicted or drug/alcohol-related injury in England and Scotland, 2005–11: population-based analysis. Journal of Public Health, 39(1), 65-73.

Henkel, D., & Zemlin, U. (2016). Social inequality and substance use and problematic gambling among adolescents and young adults: a review of epidemiological surveys in Germany. Current drug abuse reviews, 9(1), 26-48.

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Assessment Of Clinical Practice

Pages: 9 (2570 words) Sources: 10 Document Type:Essay Document #:36257557

… Valadez, et al., 2019). Working with the client in these sessions, and critically reflecting on the clinical practice environment and process, promoted the development of core counseling competencies.
I learned a lot about myself during these sessions, and also about the process and purpose of CBT. Godley ……

References

References

American Psychological Association (2007). Record keeping guidelines. American Psychologist 62(9): 993-1004.

Fadus, M.C., Squeglia, L.M., Valadez, E.A., et al. (2019). Adolescent substance use disorder treatment. Current Psychiatry Reports 21(96).

Godley, M.D., Passetti, L.L. (2019). Behavioral interventions for substance use and relapse prevention. Treating Adolescent Substance Use.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01893-1_6 

Hogue, A., Bobek, M., MacLean, A., et al. (2020). Core elements of CBT for adolescent conduct and substance use problems. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice(2020):  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2019.12.002 

King, G. (2016). The Role of the Therapist in Therapeutic Change: How Knowledge From Mental Health Can Inform Pediatric Rehabilitation. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics, 37(2), 121–138. doi:10.1080/01942638.2016.1185508 

Oud, M., de Winter, L., Verimeulen-Smit, E., et al. (2019). Effectiveness of CBT for children and adolescents with depression: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis. European Psychiatry 57(2019): 33-45.

Rodriguez, M., Walters, S. T., Houck, J. M., Ortiz, J. A., & Taxman, F. S. (2017). The language of change among criminal justice clients: Counselor language, client language, and client substance use outcomes. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(4), 626–636. doi:10.1002/jclp.22534 

Shulman, L. (2011). Dynamics and skills of group counseling. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.

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Psychological Health

Pages: 11 (3279 words) Sources: 10 Document Type:Evidence Based Practice Document #:50896264

… anxiety (Hughes at al., 2016). There is a growing interest in health psychology in the application of these experimental techniques to evaluate possible cognitive processing prejudices in health conditions like chronic pain, irritable bowel syndrome, cancer, and chronic fatigue syndrome together with health behaviors like smoking, eating, … cancer, and chronic fatigue syndrome together with health behaviors like smoking, eating, and alcohol abuse. Experimental studies in these fields could inform hypothetical development by allowing access to types and levels of information and data processing that might underpin unhelpful disease representation and manipulate health behaviors. Therefore, … and management of depressive disorders, psychological interventions play a key role as an alternative treatment. Several treatments have been developed mainly founded on cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, or interpersonal approaches. According to one latest huge network meta-analysis involving 198 random trials conducted on patients suffering from depression, even … allocation of qualified experts, makes……

References

References

Australian Psychological Society. (2010). Evidence?based psychological interventions in the treatment of mental disorders: A literature review. Victoria: Australian Psychological Association.

Barth, J., Munder, T., Gerger, H., Nüesch, E., Trelle, S., Znoj, H., ... & Cuijpers, P. (2016). Comparative efficacy of seven psychotherapeutic interventions for patients with depression: a network meta-analysis. Focus, 14(2), 229-243.

Castelnuovo, G. (2017). New and old adventures of clinical health psychology in the twenty-first century: standing on the shoulders of giants. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1214.

Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive therapy and research, 36(5), 427-440.

Hughes, A. M., Gordon, R., Chalder, T., Hirsch, C. R., & Moss?Morris, R. (2016). Maximizing the potential impact of experimental research into cognitive processes in health psychology: A systematic approach to material development. British journal of health psychology, 21(4), 764-780.

Kirkham, J. G., Choi, N., & Seitz, D. P. (2016). Meta?analysis of problem solving therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder in older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(5), 526-535.

Lenz, A. S., Hall, J., & Bailey Smith, L. (2016). Meta-analysis of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for decreasing symptoms of acute depression. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 41(1), 44-70.

Linde, K., Rücker, G., Sigterman, K., Jamil, S., Meissner, K., Schneider, A., & Kriston, L. (2015). Comparative effectiveness of psychological treatments for depressive disorders in primary care: network meta-analysis. BMC family practice, 16(1), 103.

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Case Conceptualization Group Therapy CBT And Psychodynamics

Pages: 10 (2982 words) Sources: 11 Document Type:Essay Document #:27547144

… and diagnostic impressions based on the DSM-5. A treatment plan and interventions for the clients are grounded in two primary theoretical orientations including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychodynamics. A summary of the treatment, including client reactions, plus future recommendations are also provided. Ethical issues and quandaries … of dress, and mannerisms were made, followed by observations of speech patterns, and interactions with others in the group. Second, thinking patterns and cognitive-emotional states are assessed based on the content of the client’s speech, including expressions of emotion, whether the client is more focused on the … the formal appraisal of client performance in the group in conjunction with valid assessments that lead to formal diagnoses. Using a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychoanalysis allows for nuanced clinical interpretations that account for the intricacies and idiosyncrasies of an individual’s upbringing, social climate, educational attainment, ……

References

References

American Counseling Association (2014). ACA Code of Ethics. Retrieved from:  https://www.counseling.org/resources/aca-code-of-ethics.pdf 

American Group Psychotherapy Association (2007). Practice guidelines for group psychotherapy. Retrieved from: https://www.agpa.org/docs/default-source/practice-resources/download-full-guidelines-(pdf-format)-group-works!-evidence-on-the-effectiveness-of-group-therapy.pdf?sfvrsn=ce6385a9_2

“Clinical Thinking Skills,” (n.d.). Retrieved from:  https://in.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/44297_3.pdf 

Glasofer, D.R. (2019). Generalized anxiety disorder. Retrieved from:  https://www.verywellmind.com/dsm-5-criteria-for-generalized-anxiety-disorder-1393147 

MacNamara, A., Kotov, R. & Hajcak, G. (2016). Diagnosis and symptom-based predictors of emotional processing in generalized anxiety disorder and Major Depressive Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study. Cognitive Therapy and Research 40(2016): 275-289.

Plummer, F., Manea, L., Trepel, D., et al. (2016). Screening for anxiety disorders with the GAD-7 and GAD-2: a systematic review and diagnostic metaanalysis. General Hospital Psychiatry 39(2016): 24-31.

Suszek, H., Holas, P., Wyrzykowski, T., et al. (2015). Short-term intensive psychodynamic group therapy versus cognitive-behavioral group therapy in day treatment of anxiety disorders and comorbid depressive or personality disorders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 16(2015):  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4517633/ 

Thimm, J.C. & Antonsen, L. (2014). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group therapy for depression in routine practice. BMC Psychiatry 14(292):  https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-014-0292-x

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