Capital Market Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Investing Overseas Market Entry Decision Making
… fairly complex regulatory environment that could prove challenging, the decision as to where to expand internationally still has to be more of a market-based decision. That means looking at an ROI or net present value type of calculation, weighing the cost of entering the market against the size of the market opportunity. That calculation might show that the EU is the best choice for international expansion, or it might not.
There is a lot … it might not.
There is a lot of information available about expanding into Europe, so at least the decision to enter the EU market or not can be made with a fairly robust set of information guiding it. Each of the 28 member nations publishes material for … 28 member nations publishes material for exporters, and there are US Commercial Service teams deployed across Europe to help American companies enter these market (Export.gov, 2019).……
References
References
CE Intelligence. (2019) EU – market entry strategies. CE Intelligence.com. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from http://www.ceintelligence.com/content_manager/contentPages/view/eu-market-entry-strategies
Chapman, K. & Edmond, H. (2010) Mergers/acquisitions and restructuring in the EU chemical industry: Patterns and implications. Regional Studies. Vol. 34 (8) 753-767
Conyon, M., Girma, S., Thompson, S. & Wright, P. (2003) The productivity and wage effects of foreign acquisitions in the United Kingdom. The Journal of Industrial Economics. Vol. 50 (1) 85-102.
EF.com (2019) English proficiency index. EF.com. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.ef.com/wwen/epi/
Export.gov (2019) European Union – market entry strategy. Export.gov. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.export.gov/article?id=European-union-Market-Entry-Strategy
Girma, S. (2002) The process of European integration and the determinants of entry by non-EU multinationals in UK manufacturing. DOI:10.1111/1467-9957.00305
Girma, S. (2005) Technology transfer from acquisition FDI and the absorptive capacity of domestic firms: An empirical investigation. Open Economies Review. Vol. 16 (2) 175-187.
Lamson, M. (2016) 5 things you need to know before doing business in Europe. Inc. Magazine. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.inc.com/melissa-lamson/5-things-you-need-to-know-before-doing-business-in-europe.html
Study Document
Capital Structure Analysis
… Investment decisions determines the composition of assets held by a firm while financing decisions focuses on the optimal mix of debts and equity (capital structure). An optimal capital structure can be defined as a combination of equity and debt that maximizes shareholders’ wealth or value of a firm. The value of … “is the present value of expected future cash flows to be generated by the assets, discounted at the company’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Generally, the determination of optimal capital structure is a complex decision process involving calculations of various debt-equity ratio. In this paper, the capital structure of Afterpay Touch Group Limited (ATP), FlexiGroup Limited (FXL), and Zip Co Limited (Z1P) will be calculated, theories of optimal capital structure will be discussed and optimal capital structure of ATP will be determined.
Calculation of capital Structure
capital structure is described by the relationship between debt and……
References
References
Estimating a synthetic rating and cost of debt. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/New_Home_Page/valquestions/syntrating.htm
Fenebris.com. (2019, August 18). AU. Retrieved from http://www.market-risk-premia.com/au.htmlm
Intelligent Investor. (n.d.). FlexiGroup Limited. Retrieved from https://www.intelligentinvestor.com.au/shares/asx-fxl/flexigroup-limited/financials IntelligentInvestor.com. (n.d.). Afterpay Touch Group Limited. Retrieved from https://www.intelligentinvestor.com.au/shares/asx-apt/afterpay-touch-group-limited/financials
Yahoo Finance. (n.d.). FLEXIGROUP FPO (FXL.AX) Balance Sheet. Retrieved from https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/FXL.AX/balance-sheet?p=FXL.AXhttps://finance.yahoo.com/quote/FXL.AX/balance-sheet?p=FXL.AX
Study Document
EV Market Business Opportunity Analysis Report
Overview
The electric vehicle (EV) market has received a considerable boost in recent years thanks in no small part to the rise of Tesla and its Model 3. However, … much further advanced they can get, and the EVs from Tesla, VW, Porsche and other firms are all going after the luxury consumer market, there is room for an innovate EV idea that will transform the entire industry just as the first car transformed the horse and … “entrepreneurs are creating jobs at more than twice the rate of established companies.” Enterpreneurs bring creative ideas and solutions to static or stagnant market, inspiring consumers to try new products (Baron & Tang, 2011). However, there are mitigating factors: indeed, individual traits of the entrepreneur, “such as … experience, influence innovation in new ventures” (Fuentelsaz, Maicas, & Montero, 2018, p. 686). Entrepreneurs have to be smart about how they approach the market.……
References
References
Andwari, A.M., Pesiridis, A., Rajoo, S., Martinez-Botas, R. and Esfahanian, V., 2017. A review of Battery Electric Vehicle technology and readiness levels. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 78, pp.414-430.
Angerer, M., Brem, A., Kraus, S. and Peter, A., 2017. Start-up funding via equity crowdfunding in Germany: A qualitative analysis of success factors. The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance (JEF), 19(1), pp.1-34.
Baron, R.A. and Tang, J., 2011. The role of entrepreneurs in firm-level innovation: Joint effects of positive affect, creativity, and environmental dynamism. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(1), pp.49-60.
Car, 2019. Best EVs 2019. Retrieved from https://www.carmagazine.co.uk/electric/best-electric-cars-and-evs/
Crum, R. 2018. Elon Musk says Tesla nearly died during Model 3 production ramp. Retrieved from https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/11/26/elon-musk-says-tesla-nearly-died-during-model-3-production-ramp/
Ewing, J. 2017. What Needs to Happen Before Electric Cars Take Over the World. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/18/business/electric-car-adoption.html
Fuentelsaz, L., Maicas, J.P. and Montero, J., 2018. Entrepreneurs and innovation: The contingent role of institutional factors. International Small Business Journal, 36(6), pp.686-711.
Inman, P., 2019. Is a global recession imminent? Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/aug/25/is-a-global-recession-coming-here-are-seven-warning-signs
Study Document
Integrated Waveguide Technologies Preparing For A Public Offering
… with the EPS. The dividend distribution policy ought to be stable to ensure investor confidence. Therefore, management faces the tradeoff of adopting a capital budgeting decision to lower dividends and use the resources for new investment, which potentially decreases the stock prices or the undertake borrowing to … pay dividends exclusively are largely becoming extinct. Stock repurchases have been identified to boost earnings per share, a tax-efficient approach of returning excess capital to investors since the stock repurchases incur capital gains tax. In contrast, the dividend income is taxed as ordinary income. Stock repurchases signal a stock undervaluation, which enables the managers not … et al., 2014).
Dividend Policy Theories
Dividend policy literature has produced a diversified theoretical foundation with foundations on the concept of dividend relevance, capital gains, and the tax and transaction cost indifference (Baker & Weigand, 2015). According to Mohanasundari & Vidhya (2016), the founding theories……
References
References
Al-Malkawi, H.-A. N., Rafferty, M., & Pillai, R. (2010). Dividend Policy?: A Review of Literatures and Empirical Evidence. International Bulletin of Business Administration, 5(9), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.12816/0037572
Baker, H. K., & Weigand, R. (2015). Corporate dividend policy revisited. In Managerial Finance (Vol. 41, Issue 2, pp. 126–144). https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-03-2014-0077
Black, F., & Scholes, M. (2010). The effects of dividend yield and dividend policy on common stock prices and returns. In Journal of Financial Economics (Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 1–22). https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(74)90006-3
Farre-Mensa, J., Michaely, R., & Schmalz, M. (2014). Payout Policy. Annual Review of Financial Economics, 6, 75–134.
Mohanasundari, M., & Vidhya, P. (2016). Dividend Policy and Its Impact on Firm Value: A Review of Theories and Empirical Evidence. Journal of Management Sciences and Technology, 3(3), 59–69.
Travlos, Trigeorgis, & Vafeas. (2001). No Title. Multinational Finance Journal, 5(2), 87–112.
Study Document
Rationale Behind Passage Of The Sarbanes Oxley Act
… Act was written after a series of accounting/fraud scandals had occurred in short succession, to such a degree that public confidence in the capital market was under threat. Sarbanes-Oxley was implemented to restore investor faith in American capital market, and it served that purpose. The scandals that rocked the US, however, did not for the most part affect the British market. Most British investors did not have any reason to feel that their confidence in the UK’s capital market was under threat. As such, there was no crisis, and without that crisis there was no particular political will to implement any such ……
References
References
Jones, H. (2020) UK watchdog backs tougher Sarbanes-Oxley style rules for top companies. CNBC. Retrieved May 4, 2020 from https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/09/reuters-america-uk-watchdog-backs-tougher-sarbanes-oxley-style-rules-for-top-companies.html
Study Document
Starbucks
… period, and an analysis of the company’s financials over this time should illustrate that. Starbucks’ growth since 1998 has mainly been in overseas market, but the company has also branched out into other business lines, in an attempt to diversify its income streams. Today, Starbucks appears to … “cash cow” state, where the company is earning healthy returns from its businesses, and focused on growth mainly in some of the overseas market where the coffee market is maybe a bit more nascent, in other words where there remains high growth potential going forward.
Starbucks Income Statement
Starbucks has been … in total assets, about one-third of which were current assets. The company had minimal leverage, with shareholders’ equity amounting to 80% of the capital structure. In 2009, the growth of the company flatlined, but continued its growth as it came out of the recession. Starbucks now sits … book……
References
References
Cannivet, M. (2019) Starbucks’ big stock buyback limits future upside. Forbes. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelcannivet/2019/08/29/starbucks-big-stock-buyback-limits-future-upside/#26c434067047
Hawley, J. (2019) Who are Starbucks’ main competitors? Investopedia. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/101315/who-are-starbucks-main-competitors.asp
Macrotrends (2019) Starbucks. Macrotrends.com. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/SBUX/starbucks/financial-statements
Marketwatch (2019) McDonalds Marketwatch. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/mcd/financials
Sharf, S. (2013) Starbucks ordered to pay Kraft $2.8 billion. Forbes. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/samanthasharf/2013/11/12/starbucks-ordered-to-pay-kraft-2-8-billion/#5516b7fa167d
Starbucks 1999 Annual Report. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://s22.q4cdn.com/869488222/files/doc_financials/annual/1999/102640_financials2_99.pdf
The Coffee Brewers (2008) With Starbucks closing 600 shops, is the coffee business still lucrative? The Coffee Brewers. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.thecoffeebrewers.com/starbucks.html
Study Document
Enterprise Risk Management In Wells Fargo During The Pandemic
… bite a number of high-profile banks that were left with millions if not billions in mortgage-backed securities for which…[break]…premium is determined by the market and is usually priced according to the volatility of the underlying. For very volatile stocks or financial instruments the premium can be quite … tool, however, derivatives can be quite effective, as Bill Ackman showed when his hedge fund netted billions by speculating with derivatives a stock market crash.
Wells Fargo could hedge risk by buying derivatives on its investments, using a call/put (i.e., long/short) strategy with options. The company could … “consider both sides of the balance sheet” (Sartor & Dall, 2020). It looks at five components of enterprise risk: 1) unrestricted liquidity, 2) capital structure, 3) operations, 4) capital budgeting risks, and 5) defined benefit plans. Goldman Sachs is an international competitor of Wells Fargo and tends to succeed more than it ………
References
References
Beasley, M. (2020). How to Leverage ERM Principles to Better Respond to COVID-19-Related Risks. ERM Professional Insights.
Derysh, I. (2020). Watchdog questions why Wells Fargo reported giving only one large PPP loan to a Black-owned business. Retrieved from https://www.salon.com/2020/07/22/watchdog-questions-why-wells-fargo-reported-giving-only-one-large-ppp-loan-to-a-black-owned-business/
English, C. (2020). Wells Fargo Forced to Cut Its Dividend After Fed Stress Test. Here’s What Other Banks Did. Retrieved from https://www.barrons.com/articles/wells-fargo-forced-to-cut-its-dividend-after-fed-stress-test-51593467664
Hall, J. (2007). Internal Auditing and ERM: Fitting in and Adding Value. Retrieved from https://global.theiia.org/about/about-the-iia/Public Documents/Sawyer_Award_2007.pdf
Kaplan, R. & Mikes, A. (2012). Managing risks: A new framework. Harvard Business Review, 3.
Lewis, M. (2010). The Big Short. NY: W. W. Norton.
Lundqvist, S. (2014). Abandoning Silos for Integration: Implementing Enterprise Risk Management and Risk Governance. Lund University.
Morgenson, G. (2020). More Wells Fargo customers say the bank decided to pause their mortgage payments without asking. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/business/personal-finance/more-wells-fargo-customers-say-bank-decided-pause-their-mortgage-n1234610
Study Document
Walt Disney
… units” (Wheelan, Hunger, Hoffman & Bamford, 2010, p. 5). The strategy has to focus on what the company is doing with its human capital. Intangible assets are human capital—i.e., knowledge, know how, motivation, and ability to deliver products and services at a high quality level.
Intangible assets are incomparably valuable to an … late 1980s and early 1990s.
Intangible assets relate to training and development in the sense that training and development are required for human capital to reach its fullest potential while at the same time, human capital is required in order for training and development to be most effective. Therefore, to some extent the issue is like the question of … issue is like the question of the chicken and the egg—which came first? Does an organization first need substantial human, intellectual and social capital (i.e., intangible assets) before it can have the right kind of training……
References
References
Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D., Hoffman, A. N., & Bamford, C. E. (2010). Strategic management and business policy. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Study Document
Twitter External Internal Analysis Report To CEO
… users to instantly share real-time breaking news, clip opinions, and knowledge and can be accessed using desktop or mobile web browsers (C-142).
3.2 market and Sales
· It is the second major primary activity of Twitter.
· In 2017, sales and market accounted for 29.8% of Twitter total costs (C-139)
· Twitter has managed to build a strong brand image within a shorter time (six …
· Slow growth - competitors are growing at a much faster rate (C-138)
· High operational expenses - spending on technology infrastructure, sales, market and research and development (C-147)
2.3. Opportunities
· Collection……
References
References
Thompson, Arthur A.,. (2015). Crafting and Executing Strategy: Concepts and Readings..New York: McGraw-Hill Education, (pp. 138-148)
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