Study Document
… for many young people.
This paper investigates the issue of retention in one specific branch of the United States Army – the Army national guard. Some of the sources utilized to inform this paper include official references from the Army Reserve and Active Component and civilian sources.
2. … are also important to ensure assigned tasks or missions can be completed quickly and efficiently. The best way to ensure that the Army national guard (ARNG) retains as much of its personnel as possible, is to teach enlistees the right attitude from the get go and to instill … enlistees the right attitude from the get go and to instill in them the ethos of togetherness and other aspects that the Army national guard is associated with before they start experiencing the inevitable negatives of serving in the army (Kapp, 2014; Figinski, 2017). The ARNG has not … poor retention……
Study Document
… Iranian General, for instance, is unlikely to go without some sort of major retaliation. That retaliation could come in the form of a national cyber attack on the nation’s energy infrastructure. After all, Iran has many non-state actors that it patronizes and can outsource an attack to. … the energy infrastructures of other nations, from Venezuela to Syria to Iraq and so on? It seems that perhaps the real cause of national threats to America’s energy infrastructure might start right at home, with America’s own foreign policies. It might be that were America to adopt … maintaining energy infrastructure, what is the likelihood that cyber warfare could be used to attack America’s energy infrastructure in the event that an national conflict breaks out in the coming years? What can the U.S. do to protect its network given that cyber attackers are always developing … protect its network given that……
References
Chatfield, A. T., Reddick, C. G., & Brajawidagda, U. (2015, May). Tweeting propaganda, radicalization and recruitment: Islamic state supporters multi-sided twitter networks. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (pp. 239-249).
Christenson, G. (2015). CBRN response. National Guard Bureau.
Freberg, K., Graham, K., McGaughey, K., & Freberg, L. A. (2011). Who are the social media influencers? A study of public perceptions of personality. Public Relations Review, 37(1), 90-92.
Garellek, A. (2016, March 4). The ISIS WMD Threat. The Cipher Brief. Retrieved from https://www.thecipherbrief.com/article/middle-east/isis-wmd-threat
Jennings, P. (2006). Miami port poses serious risks. Retrieved from https://abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=131634&page=1
Johnston, W.R. (2016, November 30). Summary of historical attacks using chemical or biological weapons. The Johnston Archive. Retrieved from http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/terrorism/chembioattacks.html
Klein, A. (2019). From Twitter to Charlottesville: Analyzing the Fighting Words Between the Alt-Right and Antifa. International Journal of Communication, 13, 22.
Maras, M-H. (2014). Transnational Security. Florida: CRC Press.
Study Document
… operations center (EOC) was more of a liability than an asset as it had not been trained for such a disaster either. A national Response Plan had not been developed nor was there a national Incident Management System, which meant FEMA was not ready to act (Lewis, 2009; Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response … Response to Hurricane Katrina, 2006). Thus, it was basically up to the military to provide assistance, and since the military—particularly the U.S. Coast guard was animated by coherent and unified “spirit of mission,” it was able to rise to the challenge and provide relief, support and rescue … the local agencies were unable to give. This paper will discuss the role of the military in the disaster response to Katrina.
Coast guard
The U.S. Coast guard played one of the most important roles. The Brookings Institution (2007) has stated that……
References
The Brookings Institution. (2007). 9/11, Katrina and the future of interagency disaster response. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/20070529.pdf
E-PARCC Collaborative Governance Initiative. (2008). Collaboration Amid Crisis: The Department of Defense During Hurricane Katrina Teaching Note. Retrieved from https://www.maxwell.syr.edu/uploadedFiles/parcc/eparcc/cases/Moynihan-%20Teaching%20Notes.pdf
Lewis, D. E. (2009). Revisiting the administrative presidency: Policy, patronage, and agency competence. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 39(1), 60-73.
Philipps, D. (2017). Seven hard lessons responders to Harvey learned from Katrina. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/07/us/hurricane-harvey-katrina-federal-responders.html
Samaan, J. L., & Verneuil, L. (2009). Civil–Military Relations in Hurricane Katrina: a case study on crisis management in natural disaster response. Humanitarian Assistance: Improving US-European Cooperation, Center for Transatlantic Relations/Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD/Global Public Policy Institute, Berlin, 413-432.
Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina. (2006). A failure of initiative. Retrieved from http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/15feb20061230/www.gpoaccess.gov/katrinareport/mainreport.pdf
Study Document
… to strike Puerto Rico in nearly a hundred years when it made landfall on the tiny island state in September of 2017 (Amnesty national, 2018). Maria followed upon the heels of Hurricane Irma, which had struck the island only a mere matter of weeks before. Nearly 3000 … that gradually took on a character of permanence as the island struggled to cope with the devastation of the Category 4 hurricane (Amnesty national, 2018). Losses were estimated at some $90 billion. The fact that Puerto Rico was still reeling from the damages caused by Irma, which … 6 hours until electricity was restored, and then meetings were held daily (de Arzola, 2018). Members of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the national guard, and nongovernmental organizations met with the health coalition that was established, which “enhanced communication among agencies, allowed prioritization of areas of need, and … a disaster of this……
References
Acevedo, N. (2018). Puerto Rico lacked disaster planning, communications strategy, hurricane study found. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/puerto-rico-crisis/puerto-rico-lacked-disaster-planning-communications-strategy-hurricane-study-found-n904866
Achenbach, J. & Hernandez, A. (2017). FEMA administrator: Puerto Rico’s politics, lack of unity, hindering hurricane response. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/fema-administrator-puerto-ricos-politics-lack-of-unity-hindering-hurricane-response/2017/10/09/f1711996-ad10-11e7-9e58-e6288544af98_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.eef2e6bc0e3e
Amnesty International. (2018). Puerto Rico a year after Hurricane Maria. Retrieved from https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2018/09/puerto-rico-a-year-after-hurricane-maria/
Bomey, N. (2017). Hurricane Maria halts crucial drug manufacturing in Puerto Rico, may spur shortages. Retrieved from https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2017/09/22/hurricane-maria-pharmaceutical-industry-puerto-rico/692752001/
CDC. (2019). PHEP. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/cpr/epf/docs/PuertoRico.pdf de Arzola, O. R. (2018). Emergency Preparedness and Hurricane Maria: The Experience of a Regional Academic Medical Center in Southwest Puerto Rico. Journal of Graduate Medical Education,10(4), 477-480. Florido, A. (2018). Government Lawyer Says Puerto Rico's Hurricane Response Plan 'Does Not Exist'. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2018/10/30/662345336/government-lawyer-says-puerto-ricos-hurricane-response-plan-does-not-exist
McMahon, C. (2018). Double down on the Jones Act? Journal of Maritime Law & Commerce, 49(2), 153-195.
Samaan, J. L., & Verneuil, L. (2009). Civil–Military Relations in Hurricane Katrina: a case study on crisis management in natural disaster response. Humanitarian Assistance: Improving US-European Cooperation, Center for Transatlantic Relations/Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD/Global Public Policy Institute, Berlin, 413-432.
Study Document
… Initiative. The initiative led to the divesting of the Kiowa Warrior helicopter and its replacement with Apache helicopters that were provided by the national guard. Since most of the service members had racked their hours flying Kiowa Warrior helicopters, they were very inexperienced as far as Apache helicopters … of skilled workers in some areas, especially in the trades related to repair and maintenance. Every year, the Department of Defense releases the national guard and Reserve Equipment Report. This report details the shortages in RC equipment as well as the procurement plans the department has. The 2016 ……
Reference List
Burke, C. (2018). The Biggest Problems Facing Military Aviation, According To An Army Aviator. Task and purpose. Retrieved from https://taskandpurpose.com/the-biggest-problems-facing-military-aviation-according-to-an-army-aviator
Deal, K. (2019). Military MRO: Solving the maintenance skills shortage with augmented reality. Military embedded system. Retrieved from http://www.mil-embedded.com/articles/id/?7274
Pint, E. M., Schnaubelt, C. M., Dalzell, S., Hastings, J. L., Speed, P., & Shanley, M. G. (2017). Review of Army Total Force Policy Implementation (No. RR-1958-A). RAND ARROYO CENTER SANTA MONICA CA SANTA MONICA United States.
U.S. Department of Defense, (2016). National Guard and Reserve Equipment Report for Fiscal Year 2017. Washington, D.C.
United States Government Accountability Office, (2019). “ARMY READINESS: Progress and Challenges in Rebuilding Personnel, Equipping, and Training.” Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Readiness and Management Support, Committee on Armed Services, U.S. Senate. Defense Capabilities and Management.
Study Document
Socialization into Militarization
Life definitely seems a lot more militarized now that social distancing norms have become common place and the national guard is doing its part to make sure people are adhering to stay at home orders. All the workers at the grocery store are ……
References
Farberov, S. (2020). Moment Idaho mom arrested. Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8245221/Idaho-mom-arrested-protesting-coronavirus-lockdown-closed-playground.html
WDRB. (2020). Louisville woman arrested at Kroger for violating self-quarantine order after COVID-19 diagnosis. Retrieved from https://www.wdrb.com/news/louisville-woman-arrested-at-kroger-for-violating-self-quarantine-order-after-covid-19-diagnosis/article_ed19df76-8978-11ea-afd8-33dd85093a5e.html
Study Document
...National guard The Military and Mental Health
Introduction
The military provides an opportunity for men and women to serve their country. However, in the conduct of that service there are certain risks that can damage the mental health of military servicemen. Those risks can be associated with PTSD incurred from situations in combat, abuse, drug addiction, or lack of a positive value system that causes a soldier to deteriorate from within as he has nothing beyond his duty in the military to give him meaning or to sustain him through the long hours, months and years. Some servicemen go to their doctors for assistance and end up being overprescribed medications that only exacerbate their issues and further the decline of their mental health (Snow & Wynn, 2018). If not treated, service-related depression can lead to suicide—and as Kang et al. (2015) show, suicide risk among veterans returning from the Middle East has……
References
Bonde, J. P., Utzon-Frank, N., Bertelsen, M., Borritz, M., Eller, N. H., Nordentoft, M., ... & Rugulies, R. (2016). Risk of depressive disorder following disasters and military deployment: systematic review with meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 208(4), 330-336.
Bonelli, R., Dew, R. E., Koenig, H. G., Rosmarin, D. H., & Vasegh, S. (2012). Religious and spiritual factors in depression: review and integration of the research. Depression research and treatment, 2012.
Casey Jr, G. W. (2011). Comprehensive soldier fitness: A vision for psychological resilience in the US Army. American Psychologist, 66(1), 1.
Dolphin, K. E., Steinhardt, M. A., & Cance, J. D. (2015). The role of positive emotions in reducing depressive symptoms among Army wives. Military Psychology, 27(1), 22-35.
Griffith, J., & West, C. (2013). Master resilience training and its relationship to individual well-being and stress buffering among Army National Guard soldiers. The journal of behavioral health services & research, 40(2), 140-155.
Kang, H. K., Bullman, T. A., Smolenski, D. J., Skopp, N. A., Gahm, G. A., & Reger, M. A. (2015). Suicide risk among 1.3 million veterans who were on active duty during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Annals of epidemiology, 25(2), 96-100.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.
Reivich, K. J., Seligman, M. E., & McBride, S. (2011). Master resilience training in the US Army. American Psychologist, 66(1), 25.
Study Document
… back Kuwait its independence and political stability resulted into a distinct military end state when Iraqi forces withdrew from Kuwait and the Republican guard was destroyed. After these events, new national goals were set to facilitate the changeover from a militaristic state to a diplomatic state (Hardy, McIntyre III & Knight, 2009).
Question 2
… happy with the manner in which Schwarzkopf brought the war to an end. Some blame him for not being mindful of the Republican guard divisions. They claim it would have been better to bring the war to an end before the guard divisions were marooned and unable to fight (Hardy, McIntyre III & Knight, 2009).
There is a possibility that the marines moved to the … to the right at such a high speed that Schwarzkopf could not manage them. This led to the total destruction of the Republican guard. This destruction was also……
References
Andrews, W. F. (1998). Airpower against an Army: Challenge and Response in CENTAF\\\\\\'s Duel with the Republican Guard. DIANE Publishing.
Bame, D. J. (2001). The Exit Strategy Myth and the End State Reality. Marine Corps Command and Staff College. Quantico VA.
Builder, C. H., Bankes, S. C., & Nordin, R. (1999). Command concepts: A theory derived from the practice of command and control. RAND NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH INST SANTA MONICA CA.
Currie Jr, J. G. (1995). Operational Logistics, War and Operations Other Than War: What Applies?. Army Command and General Staff College. Fort Leavenworth Ks. School of Advanced Military Studies.
Joint Chiefs of Staff (2017). Joint Publication 5-0: Joint Planning. Washigton, DC, Aug.
Matsunaga, H. (2019). The Reconstruction of Iraq after 2003: Learning from Its Successes and Failures.
Study Document
… resulted from a society that was divided. However, in 1951, led by campaigns championed by Prime Minister then, Mohammad Mossadeq, Iran managed to national its oil resources. Slightly over two years down the line after the national of its oil, the Iranian Premier was deposed (De Seve, 2020).
When the foreign powers failed to destabilize and abdicate, the British tried … several critical royalists in Tehran. As explained by Abraham, the plan was amazingly simple. One of the nights, Colonel Nehmatollah Nasiri, the imperial guard Commander, was to use an armored car, six army personnel, and two trucks of soldiers. They would, in a single swoop arrest, the … Bazaar and take charge of the central communications hub, and the Chiefs of State headquarters. Zahedi was to lead a convoy to the national radio broadcaster and read the royal decree appointing him to the premiership, from there (Roosevelt, 1979).……
References
Contini, C. (2013). A Realistic View on Iran: International relations and Global Politics. GRIN Verlag.
De Seve, M. (2020). Operation Ajax: The Story of the CIA Coup that Remade the Middle East. Verso Books.
Fowler, R. (2018). More Than a Doctrine: The Eisenhower Era in the Middle East. U of Nebraska Press.
Lee, C. T. (2013). A Cold War Narrative: The Covert Coup of Mohammad Mossadeq, Role of the U.S. Press and Its Haunting Legacies. Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT. http://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/300
Levin, Y. A. (2018). Operation Ajax in the CIA analytics: colonial knowledge in postcolonial age. Samara Journal of Science, 7(2), 200-203.
Luce, D. D. (2017, September 20). The specter of operation AJAX. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/aug/20/foreignpolicy.iran
Merica, D., & Hanna, J. (2013). In declassified document, CIA acknowledges role in\\\\\\'53 Iran Coup. CNN News. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
Roosevelt, K. (1979). Countercoup, the Struggle for the Control of Iran. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Study Document
The assassination of Major General Qassem Soleimani
Introduction
In early 2020, January 3, the U.S. launched airstrike attacks around Baghdad national Airport and killed two of the most influential leaders in Iran, Iraq, and the surrounding regions. The strike killed Qassem Soleimani, the Islamic … and killed two of the most influential leaders in Iran, Iraq, and the surrounding regions. The strike killed Qassem Soleimani, the Islamic Revolutionary guard Corps- Quds Force's Major General, and Abu Mahdi Al-Muhandis, the Deputy head of the Popular Mobilization Commission, and also the founder of the … killing of General Soleiman amounted to inhibiting the U.S. interest in the region or promoted it, 3) whether the act constituted what the national Law refers to state-sponsored terrorism.
Soleiman was considered the brainchild and facilitator of the extensive reach of Iran in the region. He, indeed, … an insurrection (Vladeck, 2004).
When the strike on Soleimani……
References
Jahanbani, N. (2020). Beyond Soleimani: Implications for Iran\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Proxy Network in Iraq and Syria. CTC Perspectives.
Vladeck, S. I. (2004). Emergency Power and the Militia Acts. Yale LJ, 114, 149.
Brands, H. (2019). Why America Can\\\\\\\\\\\\" t Quit the Middle East. Hoover Institution, 21.
Tillman, S. P. (1982). The United States in the Middle East: Interests and Obstacles (Vol. 82). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Terry, J. P. (1986). Countering State-Sponsored Terrorism: A Law-Policy Analysis. Naval L. Rev., 36, 159.
Maogoto, J. N. (2003). War on the enemy: self-defense and state-sponsored terrorism. Melb. J. Int\\\\\\\\\\\\'l L., 4, 406.
Lillich, R. B., & Paxman, J. M. (1976). State Responsibility for Injuries to Aliens Occasioned by Terrorist Activities. Am. U.L. Rev., 26, 217.
Parker, C. & Noack, R. (2020, January 2). Iran has invested in allies and proxies across the Middle East. Here\\\\\\\\\\\\'s where they stand after Soleimani\\\\\\\\\\\\'s death. Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/01/03/iran-has-invested-allies-proxies-across-middle-east-heres-where-they-stand-after-soleimanis-death/
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