Moral Issue Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Counterintelligence Issues Within United States
moral of Counterintelligence Ethical Implications and the Need for a Theoretical Framework
CI Literature Review
Deception is at the core of counterintelligence: yet, it … deception in ethical systems. Mattox (2002), for example, observed that the practice of deception “is subject to limitations imposed by the demands of moral” (4). Unfortunately, moral within the realm of counterintelligence is often the first casualty, as history shows (Valentine 2016). The official beginnings of counterintelligence under the leadership … intelligence community is overstretched and overtaxed and that counterintelligence is being tasked with too many objectives that are foreign to its mission. The issue identified by Tromblay (2017) are that “the U.S. government has attempted to partner with the private sector on counterintelligence (CI) awareness and response, … US counterintelligence enterprise support collaboration among the various USIC members and the private sector in an ethical and productive manner? To understand the issue and policies……
References
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. \\\\\\"The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles.\\\\\\" Bachelor\\\\\\'s thesis, Università Ca\\\\\\'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. \\\\\\"\\\\\\'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul\\\\\\'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering.\\\\\\" Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. \\\\\\"Strategic denial and deception.\\\\\\" International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Horkheimer, Max. 1972. Critical Theory. New York: Seabury Press.
Intelligence and National Security Alliance. 2020. Counterintelligence for the 21st Century. Arlington, VA.
Study Document
Ethical Issues In Reporting
… Green, 2016). When ethical leadership is used in a workplace, the beneficial effects on followers include an increase in ethical awareness, sensitivity to moral, and greater inclination to behave according to the ethical code promoted by and within the workplace culture. The point is that ethical behavior … of leadership—that professionals begin to feel desensitized to it all. Too much lip service to ethic codes and not enough follow through will moral any worker and create a sense in the workplace culture that ethics do not matter and that ethical behavior is unrealistic.……
References
References
Bedi, A., Alpaslan, C. M., & Green, S. (2016). A meta-analytic review of ethical leadership outcomes and moderators. Journal of Business Ethics, 139(3), 517-536.
Holyoke, T. T., Brown, H., & LaPira, T. M. (2015). Learnable skills, or unteachable instinct? What can and what cannot be taught in the lobbying profession. Interest Groups & Advocacy, 4(1), 7-24.
Kalshoven, K., van Dijk, H., & Boon, C. (2016). Why and when does ethical leadership evoke unethical follower behavior?. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31(2), 500-515.
Study Document
Criminal Justice Ethical Issues
… Misconduct and the Sixth Amendment Rights of the Accused
1
The responsibility of the law in preventing harm to oneself and upholding social moral varies from state to state. For example, in parts of Nevada, prostitution is legal; in other parts, it is not. The same goes … not mean that the human desire for these things goes away. Nor does making these things legal mean that it is okay or moral for a person to do them. When vices are legalized, it is just a recognition that people in society are going to have … so there would be the “red light” districts where people went to indulge themselves. This seems a more humane way to approach the issue of whether to criminalize vice. By zoning it and making it available only in certain areas, one can keep it at the margins ……
References
References
Rindels, M. (2018). How legal prostitution works in Nevada. Retrieved from https://thenevadaindependent.com/article/the-indy-explains-how-legal-prostitution-works-in-nevada
Wilhelm, R. (2019). Effective counsel. Retrieved from https://www.lawyers.com/legal-info/criminal/criminal-law-basics/effective-or-ineffective-assistance-of-counsel.html
Study Document
Solitary Confinement And Mental Health Issues In Corrections
Functions, issue, and Objectives in Corrections
Introduction
The functions of the historical state correctional system have changed since the founding of the nation more than … William Penn’s attempt at social reform, a fundamental characteristic of his Quaker ideals (Fantel, 1974). The goal of Penn’s plan was to promote moral rehabilitation and it was believed that through the inmate’s lengthy time alone to reflect on his misdeeds he would begin to develop the … rehabilitation and it was believed that through the inmate’s lengthy time alone to reflect on his misdeeds he would begin to develop the moral resolve to reform himself and become a better contributing member of society. Today, solitary confinement is a controversial option in the state correctional … when Pennsylvania instituted the reform-minded approach to corrections. This paper will look at the functions of the state correctional system, analyze criminal justice issue, examine the impacts of……
References
References
Clemmer, D. (1940). The prison community. New Braunfels, TX: Christopher Publishing House.
Compton, M. T., Anderson, S., Broussard, B., Ellis, S., Halpern, B., Pauselli, L., . . .Johnson, M. (2017). A potential new form of jail diversion and reconnection to mental health services: II. Demonstration of feasibility. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 35(5–6), 492–500. doi:10.1002/bsl.2319
Corrections Arizona Department. (2020). Retrieved from https://corrections.az.gov/location/110/kingman
Dryburgh, M. (2009). Policy implications of whistle-blowing: The case of Corcoran State Prison. Public Integrity, 11(2): 155-170.
Fantel, H. (1974). William Penn: Apostle of Dissent. NY: William Morrow & Co. Florida Department of Corrections. (2020). Retrieved from
https://twitter.com/FL_Corrections/status/1234884340296843266
Hensley, J. & Rough, G. (2011). Kingman prison still under scrutiny. Retrieved from http://archive.azcentral.com/news/articles/2011/01/30/20110130kingman-prison-still-under-scrutiny0130.html
HIV among Incarcerated Populations. (2015). CDC. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/correctional.html
Study Document
Abortion Laws Issues
Abortion and Its Ongoing issue in America
The issue of abortion, while never far from the spotlight, has been making headlines again recently as New York passed a full-term abortion law (Tolentino) … and President Trump has even called for a ban on late-term abortions (Green). However, many Americans continue to be divided on the abortion issue. This paper will describe the current state of abortion in America, the ongoing issue regarding what should be permissible and what should be denied, and how the subject continues to be a major political sticking point.
Abortion … then, it had been illegal to obtain one. Human life advocates have opposed the Supreme Court decision ever since, arguing that abortion is moral and devalues life, womanhood, and the entire cultural fabric of society. Norma McCorvey (Jane Roe of the famous court case) has even since … womanhood, and the entire cultural fabric of……
References
Works Cited
BBC. “Virginia late-term abortion bill labelled 'infanticide'.” BBC, 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-47066307
Green, Emma. “Trump Sees an Opening With Voters on Late-Term Abortion.” Atlantic,2019. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/02/trump-decries-late-term-abortions-state-union-address/582127/
Kliff, Sarah. “The new Trump plan to defund Planned Parenthood, explained.” Vox,2018. https://www.vox.com/2018/5/18/17367964/trump-abortion-planned-parenthood-defund
North, Anna. “The controversy around Virginia’s new abortion bill, explained.” Vox,2019. https://www.vox.com/2019/2/1/18205428/virginia-abortion-bill-kathy-tran-ralph-northam
Selk, Avi. “‘Jane Roe’ made abortion legal. Then a minister made her rethink.”
Washington Post, 2017. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/acts-of-faith/wp/2017/02/18/jane-roe-made-abortion-legal-then-a-minister-made-her-repent/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.35ad2f642945
Tolentino, Jia. “How Abortion Law in New York Will Change, and How It Won’t.” New Yorker, 2019. https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/how-abortion-law-in-new-york-will-change-and-how-it-wont
Study Document
End Of Life Decision Making Ethics
… end-of-life care, there is a clear ethical dilemma that crops up for family members and care providers. That dilemma is related to the issue of how to approach end-of-life treatment. For instance, some individual have strict preferences when it comes to whether or not they want to … resuscitate” (DNR) clause are related to the principles of nonmaleficence and autonomy and the ethical theory that is discussed in relation to this issue is deontology, also known as duty ethics.
What is the Ethical Dilemma?
The ethical dilemma associated with end-of-life care and the DNR clause … to recommend that the life of the patient be prolonged? What should the care provider advise to the patient’s family? How should the issue of DNR be approached?
As the example of Mary attempting to ensure that the best care is provided to her father CJ, who … Yuen, Reid and Fetters (2011)……
References
References
Bronzino, J. D., & Peterson, D. R. (2016). Bene?cence, Nonmale?cence, and Medical Technology. In Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs (pp. 1259-1266). CRC Press.
Garrido, M. M., Balboni, T. A., Maciejewski, P. K., Bao, Y., & Prigerson, H. G. (2015). Quality of life and cost of care at the end of life: the role of advance directives. Journal of pain and symptom management, 49(5), 828-835.
Karnik, S., & Kanekar, A. (2016). Ethical issues surrounding end-of-life care: a narrative review. In Healthcare (Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 24). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
Marijic, P., Buss, A., & Strupeit, S. (2017). Autonomy and social participation of nursing home residents: nurses’perspectives. Innovation in Aging, 1(Suppl 1), 886.
Plakovic, K. (2016). Burdens Versus Benefits: When Family Has to Decide How Much Is Too Much. Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing, 18(5), 382-387.
Sen, A. (1983). Evaluator relativity and consequential evaluation. Philosophy & Public Affairs, 113-132.
Weissman, D. E. (1999). Do not resuscitate orders: a call for reform. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 2(2), 149-152.
Yuen, J. K., Reid, M. C., & Fetters, M. D. (2011). Hospital do-not-resuscitate orders: why they have failed and how to fix them. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 26(7), 791-797.
Study Document
Healthcare Ethics Bioethics Decisions
… history of liver disease due to alcoholism. Emily and Anita, however, both seem equally suitable candidates for the liver.
This case raises several moral questions. If every patient is deemed equally as worthy and valuable, according to ethical principles like equity and justice, then how is it … really make an informed decision in this case is to eschew any immediate emotional response to the four candidates and consider only the issue of which candidate will maximize the value of the liver. Value in this case is not a financial metric, but is instead related … be preserved if the donor is given only the basic information and is allowed to consult with the medical team about the ethical issue at stake.
· Consult with Michael,……
References
References
“Ethical Theory and Bioethics,” (n.d.).
“Principles of Ethics,” (n.d.).
Steinbock, B., London, A.J. & Arras, J.D. (n.d.). Ethical issues in modern medicine. 8th edition. McGraw Hill.
Study Document
Intelligence Oversight Ethics
… which has complicated the matter. It next synthesizes the literature on what the various ethical theories are and how this further complicates the issue of IO. Finally, it discusses research on the fundamentals of ethics and gives recommendations for future research.
History of IO
The history of … a foreign power (99).
One of the authorized techniques was the warrantless searching of real and personal property. Five years earlier, Ford had issue Executive Order 11905, which prohibited such searches. Carter in 1978 had issue Executive Order 12036, which built on the Ford prohibition to include foreign agents, unless specifically authorized by the President. Reagan’s order swept both … agents, unless specifically authorized by the President. Reagan’s order swept both aside. Prior to Reagan’s EO, the federal government had struggled with the issue of IO, and had gone to the FISA courts for surveillance requests (Brown and Cinquegrana 1985). Reagan’s……
References
References
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35.2 (2012), 77-99.
Brown, William F., and Americo R. Cinquegrana. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Warrantless Physical Searches for Foreign Intelligence Purposes: Executive Order 12,333 and the Fourth Amendment.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Cath. UL Rev. 35 (1985): 97.
Cantarella, Michele. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Intelligence ethics in the digital age.\\\\\\\\\\\\" (2016).
Congressional Research Service, “CIA Ethics Education: Background and Perspectives” (2018).
Ferrari, Rachel. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Moral Relativism and Dangerous Ethical Dilemmas in the US Intelligence Community.\\\\\\\\\\\\" (2018).
Ford, Christopher M. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Intelligence Demands in a Democratic State: Congressional Intelligence Oversight.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Tul. L. Rev. 81 (2006): 721.
Goldman, Jan. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Teaching About Intelligjence and Ethics.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Journal of US Intelligence Studies 20, no. 2 (2013): 79.
Hayes, Jonathan. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The Cinema of Oliver Stone: Art, Authorship and Activism by Ian
Study Document
Trolley Problems And Self Driving Cars
The Limits of Deontology and Utilitarianism in the Trolley Problem
Introduction
The trolley problem is an old moral quandary that essentially has no wrong or right answer. It is a kind of worst case scenario in which one must choose the … lever you might spare those five but take the life of one innocent man crossing a connecting set of tracks. Is there a moral wrong or right answer to the question? And how does it apply in the case of self-driving cars? How should an engineer program … the machine accordingly. As Nyholm and Smids point out, other than the legal ramifications of how an engineer programs a self-driving car, the moral of solving the trolley problem is too elusive to solve: obviously it is important to take ethical problems seriously, but “reasoning about probabilities, … theory of virtue ethics, i.e., character ethics. It is the argument of……
References
Works Cited
Carter, Stacy M. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Overdiagnosis, ethics, and trolley problems: why factors other than outcomes matter—an essay by Stacy Carter.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Bmj 358 (2017): j3872.
Ewing, J. “German Court Says Tesla Self-Driving Claims Are Misleading.” New York Times, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/14/business/tesla-autopilot-germany.html
Himmelreich, Johannes. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Never mind the trolley: The ethics of autonomous vehicles in mundane situations.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 21.3 (2018): 669-684.
Marshall, Aarian. “What Can the Trolley Problem Teach Self-Driving Car Engineers?” Wired, 2010. https://www.wired.com/story/trolley-problem-teach-self-driving-car-engineers/
Nyholm, Sven. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The ethics of crashes with self?driving cars: A roadmap, I.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Philosophy Compass 13.7 (2018): e12507.
Nyholm, Sven, and Jilles Smids. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The ethics of accident-algorithms for self-driving cars: An applied trolley problem?.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Ethical theory and moral practice 19.5 (2016): 1275-1289.
Pojman, L. and J. Fieser. Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong. Cengage, 2012.
Snow, Nancy E. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Neo-Aristotelian Virtue Ethics.\\\\\\\\\\\\" The Oxford Handbook of Virtue. Oxford University Press, 2018. 321.
Study Document
Wells Fargo Collateral Protection Insurance Scandal
… that Wells Fargo was engaging in a utilitarian approach to banking. The utilitarian ethical perspective was developed by J.S. Mill and the basic moral concept underlying this perspective is that the most moral course of action is that which delivers the greatest common good (Goodpaster, 1983). However, as critics point out, the “utility” of the ethical … pinpoint because it does not explicitly define the “good” that is expected to be so common and it also can lead to a moral sense and a practical sense of action pointing in two different…[break]…or unsuspecting clients. To rebuild its reputations, Wells Fargo has to get back … reputations, Wells Fargo has to get back to basics, and the deontology of Kant is as basic as it gets in terms of moral philosophy. The ethical framework is one that has stood the test of time, and though it has its critics, it……
References
References
Forsyth, D. R., & O’Boyle Jr, E. H. (2011). Rules, standards, and ethics: Relativism predicts cross-national differences in the codification of moral standards. International Business Review, 20(3), 353-361.
Goodpaster, K. (1983). Ethical frameworks for management. HBS.
Horowitz, D. (2011, May). We need a \\\\\\"moral operating system\\\\\\" Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/damon_horowitz (Links to an external site.)
Top Class Actions. (2019). The settlement is closed. Retrieved from https://topclassactions.com/lawsuit-settlements/closed-settlements/917069-wells-fargo-auto-loan-insurance-class-action-settlement/
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