International Economics Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Brazilian Market Entry Pricing Strategy
… quality of climbing harnesses probably does not change much around the world, for a couple of reasons. One is that climbing is an international sport, and two is that the safety standards for climbing gear are critical, and any gear that does not adhere to international-level safety standards simply won’t be purchased by serious climbers, as it would risk their lives to do so. So it is reasonable to … they can also do premium pricing with this option.
A third strength is that the Brazilian market appears to be sophisticated, with many international competitions held in the country, and the country’s sizeable middle and upper classes who are able to pay for quality gear and who … has to take into consideration. First is the threat of competition. Even if Peak can successfully differentiate from domestic competitors, there are other international competitors that are likely to enter the……
References
References
Chappelow, J. (2019) Monopolistic competition. Investopedia. Retrieved March 28, 2020 from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/monopolisticmarket.asp
CIA World Factbook. (2020) Brazil. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved March 28, 2020 from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
Decker, A. (2020) The ultimate guide to pricing strategies HubSpot. Retrieved March 28, 2020 from https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/pricing-strategy
Dourado, A., Canabrava, L, Spadano, L, Alvarenga, P., Salles, R., Advogados, F., Lourencao, M. & Trung, T. (2019) Doing business in Brazil: An overview. Thomson Reuters Practical Law. Retrieved March 28, 2020 from https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/0-503-8385?__lrTS=20180603124715781&transitionType=Default&contextData= (sc.Default)&firstPage=true&bhcp=1#co_anchor_a102539
Downey, L. (2019) Brazilian real. Investopedia. Retrieved March 28, 2020 from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/forex/a/brl-brazilian-real.asp
Furgison, L. (2019) SWOT analysis, step 5: developing actionable strategies. BPlans.com. Retrieved March 28, 2020 from https://articles.bplans.com/swot-analysis-challenge-day-5-turning-swot-analysis-actionable-strategies/
Kokemuller, N. (2020) Entry pricing strategy. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved March 28, 2020 from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/entry-pricing-strategy-61428.html
Riley, C. (2019) Jair Bolsinaro says Brazil is open for business. CNN Business. Retrieved March 28, 2020 from https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/22/business/bolsonaro-brazil-davos-foreign-investment/index.html
Study Document
Investing Overseas Market Entry Decision Making
international Acquisition
EU or not EU?
On the question of whether to expand into the European Union or not, there are a few different … an American firm. While the EU has a fairly complex regulatory environment that could prove challenging, the decision as to where to expand international still has to be more of a market-based decision. That means looking at an ROI or net present value type of calculation, weighing … of entering the market against the size of the market opportunity. That calculation might show that the EU is the best choice for international expansion, or it might not.
There is a lot of information available about expanding into Europe, so at least the decision to enter … an external market if it feels that market is growing more rapidly. Credit is typically one of the best ways to start expanding international.
Many of the world’s largest……
References
References
CE Intelligence. (2019) EU – market entry strategies. CE Intelligence.com. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from http://www.ceintelligence.com/content_manager/contentPages/view/eu-market-entry-strategies
Chapman, K. & Edmond, H. (2010) Mergers/acquisitions and restructuring in the EU chemical industry: Patterns and implications. Regional Studies. Vol. 34 (8) 753-767
Conyon, M., Girma, S., Thompson, S. & Wright, P. (2003) The productivity and wage effects of foreign acquisitions in the United Kingdom. The Journal of Industrial Economics. Vol. 50 (1) 85-102.
EF.com (2019) English proficiency index. EF.com. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.ef.com/wwen/epi/
Export.gov (2019) European Union – market entry strategy. Export.gov. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.export.gov/article?id=European-union-Market-Entry-Strategy
Girma, S. (2002) The process of European integration and the determinants of entry by non-EU multinationals in UK manufacturing. DOI:10.1111/1467-9957.00305
Girma, S. (2005) Technology transfer from acquisition FDI and the absorptive capacity of domestic firms: An empirical investigation. Open Economies Review. Vol. 16 (2) 175-187.
Lamson, M. (2016) 5 things you need to know before doing business in Europe. Inc. Magazine. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.inc.com/melissa-lamson/5-things-you-need-to-know-before-doing-business-in-europe.html
Study Document
Individuals Using Customary Practices In Times Of Crises
… H.N., Miles, L.S. & Gordon, R.D. (2019). Disaster Risk Reduction in Cameroon: Are Contemporary Disaster Management Frameworks Accommodating the Sendai Framework Agenda 2030? international Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 10, 462-477.
According to the authors of this present study, most disasters in Africa have severe implications on ……
References
Roberts. A.R. (Ed.). (2005). Crisis Intervention Handbook: Assessment, Treatment, and Research (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Sama’ila, A. (2019). Economic crisis and the coping strategies of indigenous automobile entrepreneurs in northern Nigeria, 1983-2014. Sociology International Journal, 3(6), 437-442.
Study Document
Influence Of The PRC With Great Power Competition Globalization
The Influence of the PRC
Introduction
The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the state that most influences contemporary international security. The globalization of the Communist superpower projects brings employment and economic growth. Since joining the World Trade Organization, China has become an … the Communist Party began the process of opening up China’s economy, but did so without opening up much else in Chinese society (“The international of China’s Economy). By 2001, China joined the World Trade Organization, and at that time it was already growing its economy rapidly. Since … that, especially if the US perceives that its interests in Asia are threatened by the PRC’s growing power.
The structural realist approach to international relations holds that the balance of power and competition between nations is the most important aspect of international politics, and it appears that the US and PRC leadership share a the realist view. This……
References
References
Chatzky, A. & McBride, J. (2019) China’s massive Belt and Road Initiative. Council on Foreign Relations. In possession of the author.
“China as a Trading State” (n.d.) In possession of the author. s
“Foreign Direct Investment” (n.d.) In possession of the author.
Global Times (2018) Best strategic opportunity since the Cold War. Global Times. In possession of the author.
Hoffman, S. (2002) Clash of globalizations. Foreign Affairs. July/August 2002. 105-115.
Morrison, W. (2017) China’s economic rise: History, trends, challenges, and implications for the United States. Congressional Research Service. September 15, 2017. In possession of the author.
NIC (2017) Paradox of progress. National Intelligence Council. In possession of the author.
Pollack, J. (no date). Competing visions: China, America and the Asia-Pacific Security Order. In possession of the author.
Study Document
Cyber Espionage
… study research design based on the Just War Theory will be utilized to conduct this research. Data will be collected from professionals in international relations and cyber security as well as existing publications on recent cyber espionage activities by China and Russia.
Keywords: cyber espionage, acceptability, proposition, … use of cyberspace in modern warfare has also been characterized by the emergence of cyber espionage, which is one of the most complex international problems in today’s world. Cyber espionage refers to the practice of obtaining secrets with the permission of the owner/possessor of the information.[footnoteRef:2] While … and Combating Techniques”, Indian Computer Emergency Response Team, 2013. https://www.cert-in.org.in/Downloader?pageid=5&type=2&fileName=CIPS-2013-0128.pdf]
Background Information
Cyber espionage has become one of the most important and complex international problem in today’s world. It is a practice that involves obtaining secrets without the permission of the owner/possessor of the information. The information … or networks used by a……
References
Bibliography
Agarwal A. & CERT-IN. “Cyber Espionage, Infiltration and Combating Techniques.” Indian Computer Emergency Response Team, 2013. https://www.cert-in.org.in/Downloader?pageid=5&type=2&fileName=CIPS-2013-0128.pdf
Banks, W.C. “Cyber Espionage and Electronic Surveillance: Beyond the Media Coverage.” Emory law Journal 66, (2017).
Georgieva, I. “The Unexpected Norm-Setters: Intelligence Agencies in Cyberspace.” Contemporary Security Policy (2019).
Hjortdal, M. “China’s Use of Cyber Warfare: Espionage Meets Strategic Deterrence.” Journal of Strategic Security 4, no. 2 (2011).
Libicki, M. “The Coming of Cyber Espionage Norms.” 9th International Conference on Cyber Conflict, 2017. https://ccdcoe.org/uploads/2018/10/Art-01-The-Coming-of-Cyber-Espionage-Norms.pdf " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
Cyber Espionage
… study research design based on the Just War Theory will be utilized to conduct this research. Data will be collected from professionals in international relations and cyber security as well as existing publications on recent cyber espionage activities by China and Russia.
Keywords: cyber espionage, acceptability, proposition, … use of cyberspace in modern warfare has also been characterized by the emergence of cyber espionage, which is one of the most complex international problems in today’s world. Cyber espionage refers to the practice of obtaining secrets without the permission of the owner/possessor of the information.[footnoteRef:2] While … and Combating Techniques”, Indian Computer Emergency Response Team, 2013. https://www.cert-in.org.in/Downloader?pageid=5&type=2&fileName=CIPS-2013-0128.pdf]
Background Information
Cyber espionage has become one of the most important and complex international problem in today’s world. It is a practice that involves obtaining secrets without the permission of the owner/possessor of the information. The information … or networks used by a……
References
Bibliography
Agarwal A. & CERT-IN. “Cyber Espionage, Infiltration and Combating Techniques.” Indian Computer Emergency Response Team, 2013. https://www.cert-in.org.in/Downloader?pageid=5&type=2&fileName=CIPS-2013-0128.pdf
Banks, W.C. “Cyber Espionage and Electronic Surveillance: Beyond the Media Coverage.” Emory law Journal 66, (2017).
Georgieva, I. “The Unexpected Norm-Setters: Intelligence Agencies in Cyberspace.” Contemporary Security Policy (2019).
Hjortdal, M. “China’s Use of Cyber Warfare: Espionage Meets Strategic Deterrence.” Journal of Strategic Security 4, no. 2 (2011).
Libicki, M. “The Coming of Cyber Espionage Norms.” 9th International Conference on Cyber Conflict, 2017. https://ccdcoe.org/uploads/2018/10/Art-01-The-Coming-of-Cyber-Espionage-Norms.pdf " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
Strategy For National Defense
… that acknowledge the nature and extent of threats, intensity of rivalry, and potential opportunities across all regions. Such strategies become the premise of international Relations and U.S. foreign policy. [1: The White House, “National Security Strategy of the United States of America”, The White House, December 2017, … establishes political, economic, and military and security priority actions to help safeguard her national interests in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. This process entails developing international relations approaches and foreign policies that seek to protect the interests of the United States in this region. China and Russia are principal … prosperity. In line with the goals and objectives of the National Security Strategy, the United States can address the issue using concepts in international relations. international relations concepts would inform and…[break]…Chinese population in China’s territory and seek to inflict pain on the general population unless and until China makes ……
References
Bibliography
Davidson, P.S. “Statement of Admiral Philip S. Davidson, U.S. Navy Commander, U.S. Indo-Pacific Command Before the House Armed Services Committee on U.S. Indo-Pacific Command Posture.” United States Senate, March 27, 2019, https://www.armed-services.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Davidson_02-12-19.pdf
Department of Defense. “Summary of the 2018 National Defense Strategy of the United States of America.” National Defense Strategy, 2018, https://dod.defense.gov/Portals/1/Documents/pubs/2018-National-Defense-Strategy-Summary.pdf
Muller, K. “The Essence of Coercive Air Power: A Primer for Military Strategies.” Air University, https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/ASPJ/journals/Chronicles/mueller.pdf
Pape, R.A. Bombing to Win: Air Power and Coercion in War, 1st ed. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996.
Tammen, R.L., Kugler, J. & Lemke, D. “Power Transition Theory.” International Relations, June 27, 2017, DOI: 10.1093/OBO/9780199743292-0038
The White House. “National Security Strategy of the United States of America.” The White House, December 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/NSS-Final-12-18-2017-0905.pdf
Withers, P. “Integrating Cyber with Air Power in the Second Century of the Royal Air Force.” Medium, March 4, 2019, https://medium.com/raf-caps/integrating-cyber-with-air-power-in-the-second-century-of-the-royal-air-force-bca74b8d42ed
Study Document
Effectiveness Of The War On Drugs
… the decriminalization of drugs and addiction in order to provide effective interventions and better educate the public. The literature also directly discusses the economics of the drug trade, and the financial implications of the war on drugs versus ending the war on drugs. A deeper historical and … the decriminalization of drugs and addiction in order to provide effective interventions and better educate the public. The literature also directly discusses the economics of the drug trade, and the financial implications of the war on drugs versus ending the war on drugs. A deeper historical and ……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
War On Drugs
… the decriminalization of drugs and addiction in order to provide effective interventions and better educate the public. The literature also directly discusses the economics of the drug trade, and the financial implications of the war on drugs versus ending the war on drugs. A deeper historical and ……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
The FBI Counterproliferation And Weapons Of Mass Destruction
… created. These attacks have the potential to cause a lot of social and economic disruption and lead to the infection of humans…[break]…domestic and international security. Going forward, there is need for a more collaborative effort between all concerned agencies that stresses on consistency in both policy and … posed by non-state actors (Jennings 2013, 6).
Methods of Evaluation
There is need to put in place frameworks that can integrate domestic and international security efforts more effectively. To this end, there will be a policy analysis to identify the alternatives and options available. The data for … knowledge and will not seek any classified documents. Among the open source knowledge that this analysis will have access to is diplomatic agreements, international protocols, and national and international policy. Generally, law enforcement agencies do……
References
References
Busch, Nathan, and Joyner, Daniel (ed). 2009. “Introduction: Nonproliferation at a Crossroads.” In Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Future of Nonproliferation Policy. Athens, GA: The University of Georgia Press.
Reiss, Mitchell. 2009. “Foreword.” In Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Future of Nonproliferation Policy. Edited by Nathan Busch, and Daniel Joyner. Athens, GA: The University of Georgia Press.
Cameron, Gavin, Pate, Jason & Vogel, Kathleen. (2001). “Planting Fear: How Real is the Threat of Agricultural Terrorism?” Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 57(5), 38-44.
Jennings, Elain. 2013. U. S. proliferation policy and the campaign against transnational terror: Linking the U.S. non-proliferation regime to homeland security efforts. Master’s Thesis. Naval Postgraduate School.
Levi, Michael. 2009. “On Nuclear Terrorism.” Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Mauroni, Albert. J. 2010. “A Counter-WMD Strategy for the Future.” Parameters, 58-73.
Ogilvie-White, Tanya. 2008. “Facilitating Implementation of Resolution 1540 in South- East Asia, and the South Pacific.” In Implementing Resolution 1540: The Role of Regional Organizations. Edited by Lawrence Scheinman. New York: United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research.
Pilat Joseph F. 2009. “Dealing with Proliferation and Terrorism.” In Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Future of International Nonproliferation Policy, edited by Nathan E. Busch and Daniel H. Joyner. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
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