Economics Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Drug Abuse
...Economics Impact of Drug Abuse on School Children Aged 10 To 18 in Developed Countries (U.S., Canada, France, England, Germany, Italy, Russia, Australia, Japan and China): Narrative Literature Review
Introduction
The problem addressed in this literature review is that in developed countries around the world, drug abuse among school children between the ages of 10 and 18 is on the rise (UN, 2018). School children are particularly vulnerable because their bodies and minds are still developing and when drugs are introduced to their systems, the impact can be devastating to them personally in physical and mental health terms (Stockings et al., 2016). Yet all around the developed world this is happening. Children are being brought into and exposed to drug culture because drug use, particularly marijuana use is on the rise through vaping, which was meant as a tool to wean tobacco smokers off cigarettes. Instead it is allowing young and……
References
References
Baggio, S., Spilka, S., Studer, J., Iglesias, K., & Gmel, G. (2016). Trajectories of drug use among French young people: Prototypical stages of involvement in illicit drug use. Journal of Substance Use, 21(5), 485-490.
Bonyani, A., Safaeian, L., Chehrazi, M., Etedali, A., Zaghian, M., & Mashhadian, F. (2018). A high school-based education concerning drug abuse prevention. Journal of education and health promotion, 7.
Chu, Y. W. L. (2015). Do medical marijuana laws increase hard-drug use?. The Journal of Law and Economics, 58(2), 481-517.
Downes, D. (2017). The drug addict as a folk devil. In Drugs and politics (pp. 89-97). Routledge.
Goodchild, M., Nargis, N., & d\\'Espaignet, E. T. (2018). Global economic cost of smoking-attributable diseases. Tobacco control, 27(1), 58-64.
Grant, C. N., & Bélanger, R. E. (2017). Cannabis and Canada’s children and youth. Paediatrics & child health, 22(2), 98-102.
Herbert, A., Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A., McGhee, J., Li, L., & Gilbert, R. (2016). Time-trends in rates of hospital admission of adolescents for violent, self-inflicted or drug/alcohol-related injury in England and Scotland, 2005–11: population-based analysis. Journal of Public Health, 39(1), 65-73.
Henkel, D., & Zemlin, U. (2016). Social inequality and substance use and problematic gambling among adolescents and young adults: a review of epidemiological surveys in Germany. Current drug abuse reviews, 9(1), 26-48.
Study Document
COVID 19 In South Africa Nigeria And Swaziland
...Economics Literature Review on Coping Through The Use Of Informal Institutions during COVID 19 in South Africa, Nigeria, and Swaziland
The institutional theory deals with the outlines, regulations, standards, and procedures that are formulated in the institutions as commanding instructions for social behavior. This theory gives an understanding of how institutions are shaped, and the societal norms and frameworks are informed to all people of an organization. Communication is the sole indicator of how organizations are formulated with the help of formal rules and regulations, as that would reflect how they are conversed across all levels of the firm and in what way people are obeying them. This would ultimately build an organizational culture for coping with social and political issues. The informal institutions are socially shared instructions, typically unwritten, that are formed, transferred and imposed outside the official boundaries (Torniainen & Sasstamoinen, 2007), for example, giving tips to the food……
References
References
Coelho, A. (2019). The role of informal institutions in the enforcement of rules and how to improve corporate and public governance in Brazil: Studies based on a set of corporate governance cases involving state-owned companies (Working Paper). Retrieved from SSRN website https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3434037
Dacin, M.T., Goodstein, J. & Scott, W.R. (2002). Institutional theory and institutional change: Introduction to the special research forum. Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), 45- 47. DOI: 10.2307/3069284
Escandon-Barbosa, D.M., Urbano, D., Hurtado-Ayala, A., Paramo, J.S. & Dominguez, A.Z. (2019). Formal institutions, informal institutions, and entrepreneurial activity: A comparative relationship between rural and urban areas in Colombia. Journal of Urban Management, 8(3), 458-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2019.06.002
Estrin, S. & Prevezer, M. (2010). The role of informal institutions in corporate governance: Brazil, Russia, India, and China compared. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 28, 41- 67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-010-9229-1
Kaufmann, W., Hooghiemstra, R. & Feeney, M.K. (2018). Formal institutions, informal institutions, and red tape: A comparative study. Public Administration, 96(2), 386-403. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12397
Meluch, A.L. (2016, August). Understanding the organizational and institutional origins of social support in a cancer support center. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=kent1466944822&disposition=inline
Torniainen, T.J. & Sasstamoinen, O.J. (2007). Formal and informal institutions and their hierarchy in the regulation of the forest lease in Russia. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, 80(5), 489-501. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpm033
Study Document
How African Customary Social Practices Enhance Coping Strategies
...Economics How African Customary and Social Practices have been Utilized to Enhance Coping Strategies in Times of Crisis, focus on health pandemic
Background of the Study
Centuries before missionaries and colonialists arrived in Africa and centuries before the slave trade commenced, Africans in Africa had cultural and social practices and mechanisms to sustain their societies and to prevent the loss of lives during crises. The practices and mechanisms included health education practices, procedures for managing illnesses, and procedures for preventing the spread of illnesses through societies (Iganus & Haruna, 2017). In cases where African mechanisms helped to handle and manage health crises, it is believed that it was because the successful mechanisms took into account the socio-economic situation on the ground and wholesomely addressed the health crises and the related social and economic effects. Most of the mechanisms were initiated after elders or senior members of African societies met and discussed……
References
References
Abel-Smith, B., & Rawal, P. (1992). Can the poor afford ‘free’ health services? A case study of Tanzania. Health Policy and Planning, 7(4), 329-341.
Airhihenbuwa, C. O. (1995). Health and culture: Beyond the Western paradigm. Sage.
Fairhead, J. (2014). The significance of death, funerals, and the after-life in Ebola-hit Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Liberia: Anthropological insights into infection and social resistance.
Handler, J. S. (2016). Custom and law: The status of enslaved Africans in seventeenth-Century Barbados. Slavery & Abolition, 37(2), 233-255.
Iganus, R. B., & Haruna, A. (2017). The Strength of African Culture in Managing Family Crisis in a Globalized World. Anthropol, 5(197), 2332-0915.
Manguvo, A., & Mafuvadze, B. (2015). The impact of traditional and religious practices on the spread of Ebola in West Africa: time for a strategic shift. The Pan African Medical Journal, 22(Suppl 1).
Marsland, R. (2006). Community participation the Tanzanian way: Conceptual contiguity or power struggle? Oxford Development Studies, 34(1).
Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice. Sage publications.
Study Document
Why Ageism Needs To Be Stopped In Society
...Economics The Issue of Age in Cultural Diversity
Introduction
Age is an important aspect of cultural diversity that often goes ignored. For that reason ageism is a particularly problematic issue. Racism and sexism are often reported on but prejudice against the elderly is not so commonly touched upon in society. For example, the current presidential candidate Joe Biden is often mocked on social media by people engaging in ageist behavior, attacking him for being senile and having dementia because he stutters or stumbles in his speech or train of thought while campaigning. What people do not realize is that they would likely not fare any better were they to hit the campaign trail and have to give numerous speeches. As Albom (2019) notes, “jabs at Joe Biden mask our growing ageism issue.” This paper will discuss the cultural factors regarding age, developmental theory models, relevant laws, other diversity issues, resources available……
References
References
Albom, M. (2019). Jabs at Joe Biden mask our growing ageism issue. Retrieved from https://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/sns-201909161301--tms--tuemitchctntm-a20190916-20190916-story.html
David, K. E. (2018). The Poster Child of the “Second” Cultural Revolution: Huang Shuai and Shifts in Age Consciousness, 1973–1979. Modern China, 44(5), 497-524.
Heggeness, M. L., Carter-Johnson, F., Schaffer, W. T., & Rockey, S. J. (2016). Policy implications of aging in the NIH-funded workforce. Cell Stem Cell, 19(1), 15-18.
Landeiro, F., Barrows, P., Musson, E. N., Gray, A. M., & Leal, J. (2017). Reducing social isolation and loneliness in older people: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open, 7(5), e013778.
Lassila, S. (2019). Managing Risks of an Aging Workforce. Construction Executive, 2020. Retrieved from https://constructionexec.com/article/managing-risks-of-an-aging-workforce
Liu, S. J., Lin, C. J., Chen, Y. M., & Huang, X. Y. (2007). The effects of reminiscence group therapy on self-esteem, depression, loneliness and life satisfaction of elderly people living alone. Mid-Taiwan Journal of Medicine, 12(3), 133-142.
Lumen. (2019). Theoretical perspectives on deviance. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/sociology/chapter/theoretical-perspectives-on-deviance/
McLeod, S. (2018). Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development. Retrieved from https://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html
Study Document
Depression Status Among Empty Nest Elderly In China
...Economics Gong et al. (2018) states that depressive symptoms and empty phenomenon of elderly people in rural areas is one of the major public health issues in China, which has one of the largest elderly population in the world. It is estimated that elderly people aged 60 years and more account for 15.5% of the Chinese population. In addition, empty-nest elderly families make up nearly 25% of older households in the country, which is projected to reach 90% by 2030. This implies that the country has entered a period of rapid aging, which has significantly increased in the 21st Century (Zhou et al., 2019). As the aging population increases, China continues to witness an increase in empty-net families due to the shrinking average family size (Zhang et al., 2019). Empty-nest elderly people are individuals aged 60 years and more who do not live with their children though they may live with……
References
References
Gong, F., Zhao, D., Zhao, Y., Lu, S., Qian, Z. & Sun, Y. (2018). The Factors Associated With Geriatric Depression in Rural China: Stratified by Household Structure. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 23(5), 593-603.
Liang, Y. & Wu, W. (2014). Exploratory Analysis of Health-related Quality of Life Among the Empty-nest Elderly in Rural China: An Empirical Study in Three Economically Developed Cities in Eastern China. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 12(59). doi:10.1186/1477-7525-12-59
Lu, J., Zhang, C., Xue, Y., Mao, D., Zheng, X., Wu, S. & Wang, X. (2019). Moderating Effect of Social Support on Depression and Health Promoting Lifestyle for Chinese Empty Nesters: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 256, 495-508.
Wang, L., Liu, W., Liang, Y. & Wei, Y. (2019). Mental Health and Depressive Feeling of Empty-Nest Elderly People in China. American Journal of Health Behavior, 43(6), 1171-1185.
Xie, L., Zhang, J., Peng, F. & Jiao, N. (2010). Prevalence and Related Influencing Factors of Depressive Symptoms for Empty-nest Elderly Living in the Rural Area of YongZhou, China. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 50, 24-29.
Zhai, Y., Yi, H., Shen, W., Xiao, Y., Fan, H., He, F., Li, F., Wang, X., Shang, X. & Lin, J. (2015). Association of Empty Nest with Depressive Symptom in a Chinese Elderly Population: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 187, 218-223.
Zhang, C., Xue, Y., Zhao, H., Zheng, X., Zhu, R., Du, Y., Zheng, J. & Yang, T. (2019). Prevalence and Related Influencing Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Empty-nest Elderly in Shanxi, China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 245, 750-756.
Zhou, J., Xiao, L., Zhou, Y., Rui, G. & Ni, X. (2019). The Depression Status of Empty Nesters in Eastern Rural China. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 47(2), 1-9.
Study Document
Major Issues Facing The European Union
...Economics Six Reasons the European Union Will Not Last
Introduction
The European Union (EU) is the heart and soul of modern Europe, yet it is not without its challenges. Whether it comes to trade issues, member states failing to follow regulations, or immigration issues, the EU has no end of problems that arise from year to year. This paper will describe a few of the challenges and show why the larger issue of representative government in modern Europe is now coming face to face with an increasing wave of nationalism and a push by some member states to exert more sovereignty over their own affairs without respect to what the EU has to say about it. After looking at issues such as 1) Brexit, 2) the immigration crisis, 3) the open borders policy, 4) the problem of NATO, 5) the ultra-high and potentially catastrophic levels of debt that the European Central……
References
References
Amadeo, K. (2019). Eurozone debt crisis. Retrieved from https://www.thebalance.com/eurozone-debt-crisis-causes-cures-and-consequences-3305524
BBC. (2020). Brexit. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-32810887
Chadwick, L. (2020). Recession could tip EU. Retrieved from https://www.euronews.com/2020/02/27/could-covid-19-coronavirus-trigger-a-european-economic-recession
Grose, T. (2020). Coronavirus tests Europe’s open borders. Retrieved from https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2020-03-02/europes-open-border-agreement-may-become-casualty-to-coronavirus
Herszenhorn, D. (2019). Europe’s NATO problem. Retrieved from https://www.politico.eu/article/europe-nato-problem-defense-procurement-training-research/
Pew Research Center. (2016). European opinions of the refugee crisis. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/09/16/european-opinions-of-the-refugee-crisis-in-5-charts/
Wirtz, B. (2019). The Beginning Of The End Of Open Borders In Europe. Retrieved from https://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/the-beginning-of-the-end-of-open-borders-in-europe/
Study Document
Effectiveness Of The War On Drugs
… the decriminalization of drugs and addiction in order to provide effective interventions and better educate the public. The literature also directly discusses the economics of the drug trade, and the financial implications of the war on drugs versus ending the war on drugs. A deeper historical and … the decriminalization of drugs and addiction in order to provide effective interventions and better educate the public. The literature also directly discusses the economics of the drug trade, and the financial implications of the war on drugs versus ending the war on drugs. A deeper historical and ……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
War On Drugs
… the decriminalization of drugs and addiction in order to provide effective interventions and better educate the public. The literature also directly discusses the economics of the drug trade, and the financial implications of the war on drugs versus ending the war on drugs. A deeper historical and ……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
McCain Foods Strategies
...Economics Strategies of McCain Foods
There are several marketing and distribution strategies employed by McCain Foods in order to keep themselves up with the market. Marketing strategies are the core strategies that define how the product and service reaches to the customers. McCain foods comes under the highly competitive Food and Beverages Industry for which an effective marketing mix is employed making the company successful and one of the leading company in its domain (Essays, 2018). The 4ps of the market; price, promotion, place and product, are the most effective tools to ensure the brand loyalty and customer retention. Marketing mix ensures overall effectiveness of the company’s strategies as they are the building blocks of marketing strategy
First and foremost, McCain Food’s unique competency is ‘Calories in/ Calories out’ (how-mccain-responds-to-changes-in-the-external-environment, 2019) concept which awares the consumers of the products’ healthy attributes. This makes the product highly suitable for its target audience……
References
References
(2019, September 17). Business Case Studies. Retrieved from https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/how-mccain-responds-to-changes-in-the-external-environment/#axzz2m8hClVBn
SLEPT Analysis of McCain Foods. (2015, April 03). PDF Slide. Retrieved from https://pdfslide.net/documents/slept-analysis-of-mccain-foods.html
Williamson, D. (2018, December 05). McCain Foods SWOT Analysis. Eassy 48. Retrieved from https://www.essay48.com/term-paper/13961-McCain-Foods-Swot-Analysis
Study Document
Customer Persona For Filshie Clip System
...Economics Executive Summary
This is a report providing detailed description of Filshie Clip System’s customer persona based on the selected target market. The creation of this persona was based on a comprehensive analysis of the target market and a brief background of the company. The discussion demonstrates how professional women who are of childbearing age are the ideal target market for this stylish and effective method of contraception. We have established that customers in the target market are differentiated based on demographic factors, personal histories and expectations. These women are interested in a reversible contraception method that is safe and effective since it enables them to make decisions on getting pregnant when they want. Finally, justified recommendations with respect to the marketing mix have provided.
Introduction
Femcare is a group of companies owned by Utah Medical Products Inc. in the United States. This company has perfected Filshie Clip, a female surgical……
References
References
Antoun, L., Smith, P., Gupta, J. K., & Clark, T. J 2017. The feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of hysteroscopic sterilization compared with laparoscopic sterilization. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, vol. 217, no. 5, pp.e571-570. e576.
Beerthuizen, R 2010. State-of-the-art of non-hormonal methods of contraception: V. Female sterilisation. The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care, vol. 15, no. 2, pp.124-135.
De Toni, D., Milan, G.S., Saciloto, E.B., & Larentis, F 2017. Pricing strategies and levels and their impact on corporate profitability. Revista de Administracao, vol. 52, no. 2, pp.120-133.
Duran, A 2018. Sink or swim: how to create buyer personas to ensure marketing success. Forbes. Viewed 20 August 2019,
Griffin, A, Noble, CH, Durmusoglu, SS, Luchs, MI, & Swan, S 2015. ‘Chapter 3 Personas: powerful tools for designers’, in Design Thinking : New Product Development Essentials from the PDMA, John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, Hoboken.
Johnson, S., Pion, C. & Jennings, V 2013. Current methods and attitudes of women towards contraception in Europe and America. Reproductive Health, vol. 10, no. 7, pp.1-9.
Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2015). Marketing Management, Global Edition. Pearson Education Limited: Boston, MA.
Magrath, A.J 1986. When Marketing Services, 4Ps are not enough. Business Horizons, pp.4450.
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