Study Document
Abnormal psychology Questions
Q1. According to your text please describe how negative reinforcement increases the avoidance behaviors often associated with anxiety.
Negative reinforcement refers to ……
References
Cameron, O.G. (2007). Understanding comorbid depression and anxiety, 24 (14). Retrieved from: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/anxiety/understanding-comorbid-depression-and- anxiety
Facts and Statistics. (2020). Anxiety and Depression Association of America. Retrieved from: https://adaa.org/about-adaa/press-room/facts-statistics
Study Document
… the individual’s response to the same. As such, learning takes place as a response to an external stimulus and is not influenced by cognitive thought processes (Rosser-Majors, 2017). From a behaviorist’s perspective, therefore, the learner only plays a passive role as a responder to external stimuli, and ……
References
Al-Rawahi, N., & Al-Balushi, M. (2015). The Effect of Reflective Science Journal Writing on Students’ Self-Regulated Learning Strategies. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 10(3), 367-79.
Dotson, R. (2016). Goal-Setting to Increase Student Academic Performance. Journal of School Administration Research and Development, 1(1), 44-46.
Harasim, L. (2017). Learning Theory and Online Technologies. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
Rosser-Majors, M. L. (2017). Theories of Learning: an Exploration. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education.
Wan, Z., Compeau, D., & Haggerty, N. (2014). The Effects of Self-Regulated Learning Processes on E-Learning Outcomes in Organizational Settings. Journal of Management Information Systems, 29(1), 307-40.
Study Document
...Cognitive psychology Culture and Health Nursing
Case Study: Jeannette
Treating patients appropriately demands that providers foster an environment in which patients can be candid about their health conditions. It should be viewed as a positive first step that Jeanette and her mother disclosed the fact that they have been using a Haitian voodoo priestess (mambo) coming to the house to treat Jeanette. Unfortunately, many of the herbs used in such traditional practices are not only ineffective, but can be potentially dangerous, particularly if mixed with conventional medical treatments such as antidepressants (Kelak, Cheah, & Safii, 2018). Mental health issues such as posttraumatic stress disorder can be confusing and frightening for a family, and using traditional medicine may be comforting to people like Jeanette’s mother. It may also be less traumatic to think of her daughter as cursed rather than as suffering from a mental illness.
Clinicians must be culturally sensitive. Seeking spiritual……
References
Abdallah, C. G., Averill, L. A., Akiki, T. J., Raza, M., Averill, C. L., Gomaa, H., Adikey, A., & Krystal, J. H. (2019). The neurobiology and pharmacotherapy of posttraumatic stress disorder. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 59, 171–189. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6326888/
Bipolar disorder. (2020). NIH. Retrieved from: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml
Kelak, J. A., Cheah, W. L., & Safii, R. (2018). Patient’s decision to disclose the use of traditional and complementary medicine to medical doctor: A descriptive phenomenology study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5832099/
Salagre, E., Dodd, S., Aedo, A., Rosa, A., Amoretti, S., Pinzon, J., Reinares, M., Berk, M., Kapczinski, F. P., Vieta, E., & Grande, I. (2018). Toward precision psychiatry in bipolar Disorder: Staging 2.0. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 641. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6282906/
Study Document
… sense my heart is racing, I know that means I am upset and it would be best to calm down using breathing and cognitive reframing. Discomfort is an opportunity to explore the root causes of the emotion, and untangle the complex knots of memory and self-concept impeding ……
References
Gutierrez, D., Mullen, P.R. & Fox, J. (2016). Exploring emotional intelligence among masters-level counseling trainees. Counselor Education & Supervision 56(2017): 19-32.
Martin, W.E., Easton, C., Wilson, S., et al. (2004). Salience of emotional intelligence as a core characteristic of being a counselor. Counselor Education and Supervision 44(2004): 17-30.
Prikhidko, A. & Swank, J.M. (2016). Emotion regulation for counselors. Journal of Counseling and Development 96(2018): 206-212.
Study Document
...Cognitive psychology Adolescent Family Counseling for Substance Use and Depression
I. Setting the Scene
1. Destination Hope provides mental health services to a broad client base, with areas of specialization including family care and substance abuse intervention. It is a multifaceted and multimodal treatment center that provides individual, family, and group therapy options. In addition to acute and residential care options, Destination Hope also offers structured outpatient and long term options for individuals and families to help prevent relapses and promote quality of life.
2. Jim is a fourteen year-old Caucasian male, whose sister died in a car accident four months prior. Losing a sister is challenging enough for any individual; for one going through puberty at the same time, the effects of emotional devastation and loss can be confusing and even traumatic. Therefore, Jim’s behaviors, his shift in social scene, and his differential identity during this time do need to be……
References
American Psychological Association (2007). Record keeping guidelines. American Psychologist 62(9): 993-1004.
Fadus, M.C., Squeglia, L.M., Valadez, E.A., et al. (2019). Adolescent substance use disorder treatment. Current Psychiatry Reports 21(96).
Godley, M.D., Passetti, L.L. (2019). Behavioral interventions for substance use and relapse prevention. Treating Adolescent Substance Use. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01893-1_6
Hogue, A., Bobek, M., MacLean, A., et al. (2020). Core elements of CBT for adolescent conduct and substance use problems. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice(2020): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2019.12.002
King, G. (2016). The Role of the Therapist in Therapeutic Change: How Knowledge From Mental Health Can Inform Pediatric Rehabilitation. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics, 37(2), 121–138. doi:10.1080/01942638.2016.1185508
Oud, M., de Winter, L., Verimeulen-Smit, E., et al. (2019). Effectiveness of CBT for children and adolescents with depression: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis. European Psychiatry 57(2019): 33-45.
Rodriguez, M., Walters, S. T., Houck, J. M., Ortiz, J. A., & Taxman, F. S. (2017). The language of change among criminal justice clients: Counselor language, client language, and client substance use outcomes. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(4), 626–636. doi:10.1002/jclp.22534
Shulman, L. (2011). Dynamics and skills of group counseling. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Study Document
… the world. What is more worrisome is that there are alternative methods of treatment that can be used—such as animal assisted therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (Korry, 2015). This paper will discuss whether a drug-therapy heavy approach to treating poor and foster care children with mental health … the rule, but generally speaking the exceptions prove the rule.
By treating children with drugs there is the possibility that they will be cognitive and emotionally impaired. Their cognitive and emotional development (as well as their in vitro and also the physical development) can be negatively impacted, stunted, or altered (Whitaker, 2001). … and be loved and cared for by another. The animal can bring joy. What can the drugs bring other than stupefaction and possible cognitive and emotional impairment? This is why Whitaker (2001) condemns their use in treating children. It is why Seligman, Steen, Park and Peterson (2005) ………
References
Broaddus, M. E. (2017). A Demonstration Project to Address Juvenile Drug Addiction.
Graduate Thesis, Bellarmine.
Korry, E. (2015). California Moves To Stop Misuse Of Psychiatric Meds In Foster Care.
Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/09/02/436350334/california-moves-to-stop-misuse-of-psychiatric-meds-in-foster-care " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
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… Eating disorders can cause a host of malnutrition-related concerns, and substance abuse can do so likewise. Mental disorders can interfere with normal, daily cognitive functioning, including the ability to make good decisions, and also impede the individual’s ability to have normal social relationships at work and school. ……
References
Psychologists. (2019). Bureau of Labor and Statistics. Retrieved from: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/psychologists.htm
Student guide. (2019). Ashford University.
Study Document
...Cognitive psychology Etiology
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), as is the case with several psychiatric disorders, is viewed widely as a consequence of the complex interaction of many factors such as psychological, neuroanatomical, neurochemical, and genetic factors.
a) Genetic factors: There is growing evidence that BPD is genetic and can run in some families. A study of people with BPD has shown that the prevalence of BPD among the relatives of people suffering from the condition can be up to 20 times higher than the prevalence among people who don’t have a blood relative suffering from the condition. In Monozygotic twins, the concordance rate was 35% relative to a rate of 7% in dizygotic twins. This research was done by Torgersen and colleagues. This high concordance rate is linked to the role played by genetics in BPD etiology.
b) Neurochemical factors: Serotonin has been linked to impulsivity and aggression. If there is a……
Bibliography
Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2009). Randomized controlled trial of outpatient mentalization-based treatment versus structured clinical management for borderline personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry, 166, 1355–64.
Biskin, R. S., & Paris, J. (2012). Management of borderline personality disorder. CMAJ, 184(17), 1897-1902. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.112055
Harvard University. (2019). Treating borderline personality disorder. Retrieved from https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/treating-borderline-personality-disorder
Linehan, M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York (NY): Guilford Press.
Study Document
… on both the conscious and subconscious levels. This paper explores the manner in which music affects wellbeing.
Psychological effects of music experience
Improve cognitive Performance
Studies have revealed that when one listens to background music – music that plays while they are mainly focusing some other activity … that when one listens to background music – music that plays while they are mainly focusing some other activity – it enhances they cognitive performance. This is especially true among older individuals. One such study is the study by Bottiroli et al. (2014) that revealed that playing … among older individuals. One such study is the study by Bottiroli et al. (2014) that revealed that playing music that is upbeat enhanced cognitive processing speeds and that playing both most types of music improved memory. Does this mean that students who play music while studying benefit … generally has a positive effect……
References
Bottiroli, S., Rosi, A., Russo, R., Vecchi, T. and Cavallini, E., 2014. The cognitive effects of listening to background music on older adults: processing speed improves with upbeat music, while memory seems to benefit from both upbeat and downbeat music. Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 6, p.284.
Ferguson, Y.L. and Sheldon, K.M., 2013. Trying to be happier really can work: Two experimental studies. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(1), pp.23-33.
Gold, B.P., Frank, M.J., Bogert, B. and Brattico, E., 2013. Pleasurable music affects reinforcement learning according to the listener. Frontiers in psychology, 4, p.541.
Goycoolea, M., Levy, R. and Ramírez, C., 2013. Central auditory processing. Are the emotional perceptions of those listening to classical music inherent in the composition or acquired by the listeners?. Acta oto-laryngologica, 133(4), pp.390-393.
Harmat, L., Takács, J. and Bodizs, R., 2008. Music improves sleep quality in students. Journal of advanced nursing, 62(3), pp.327-335.
Hole, J., Hirsch, M., Ball, E. and Meads, C., 2015. Music as an aid for postoperative recovery in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 386(10004), pp.1659-1671.
Ludke, K.M., Ferreira, F. and Overy, K., 2014. Singing can facilitate foreign language learning. Memory & cognition, 42(1), pp.41-52.
Onieva-Zafra, M.D., Castro-Sánchez, A.M., Matarán-Peñarrocha, G.A. and Moreno-Lorenzo, C., 2013. Effect of music as nursing intervention for people diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Pain Management Nursing, 14(2), pp.e39-e46.
Study Document
...Cognitive psychology The Social Issue
Depression is a significant social issue of interest to me as I have seen it affect numerous people in my own life and have even struggled with it at times myself. Depression has caused people to take their lives: Chester Bennington, lead singer of the group Linkin Park took his life following the suicide of his friend, and numerous other people who are less famous end up in similar situations—lost, without hope, unable to break a cycle of depression that has them gripped as though in a vice. Depression is an issue that can be treated, however, but in order for the right intervention to be applied, awareness about depression has to be raised so that the stigma and taboo of depression can be alleviated, allowing those who suffer from it to come forward. In recent years, major public figures, especially athletes, have come into the light……
References
Anderson, M. & Jiang, J. (2018). Teens, Social Media & Technology 2018. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/05/31/teens-social-media-technology-2018/
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130-136.
Chester, J., & Montgomery, K. (2008). No escape: Marketing to kids in the digital age. Multinational Monitor, 29(1), 11.
Greenberg, P. (2015). The Growing Economic Burden of Depression in the U.S. Retrieved from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/mind-guest-blog/the-growing-economic-burden-of-depression-in-the-u-s/
Grover, S., Raju, V. V., Sharma, A., & Shah, R. (2019). Depression in children and adolescents: a review of Indian studies. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 41(3), 216.
Korry, E. (2015). California Moves To Stop Misuse Of Psychiatric Meds In Foster Care. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/09/02/436350334/california-moves-to-stop-misuse-of-psychiatric-meds-in-foster-care " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
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