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Business Ethics Ethical Egoist- Egoism Can Be Essay
Pages:2 (994 words)
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Subject:Ethics
Topic:Business Ethics
Document Type:Essay
Document:#20537073
Business Ethics
Ethical Egoist- Egoism can be either descriptive or normative. Descriptive egoism holds that for each individual, there is only one ultimate aim -- survival and the betterment of the sole individual based on their own hierarchical principles. Normative egoism has the individual making claims about what should be done to do the "right" thing, rather than what one does. As well, ethical egoism insists that for an action to be morally right that it must maximize one's own self-interest; rational egoism says that the action is rational if it does the same. This is in contrast to altruism, which says morally we have the obligation to help and serve others; egoism elevates the self (the individual) above others in finding morality (Singer, 1990).
Essentially, the argument follows that each of us is most familiar with our own wants and needs. We do not know the wants and needs of others in the same way, nor are we equipped to always follow in others' best interests. It is then more efficient and logical to pursue our own needs and look out for ourselves so that others do not have to. This view also assumes that the individual is more able to provide for their own needs and also has that responsibility. Therefore, because the onus is on the self, society can be free to work for the betterment of larger projects that benefit everyone as opposed to taking care of individuals (Feinberg, 2008, pp. 520-3).
An example might be a small rural town in the American Midwest, called Calamity. The closest hospital is 150 miles away through roads that are sometimes treacherous during winter months. The town that serves the population does not have the tax base to have anything but travelling medical care once per month. Doctor Jones, just out of Medical School and full of enthusiasm, wants to make a difference in the lives of people. He agrees to set up a General Practice in Calamity and convinces the town to rent a space for him on Main Street for $1/year with a 5-year option. He will be responsible for his equipment, but the town will share 50% of his build out expenses as long as he agrees to work in the town for at least 3 years. Dr. Jones not only sees the opportunity to help people because of his expertise, he has a captive audience for 80% of the town's needs, and then referrals to the urban area for the other 20%. He has captured the market and is able to make money because of his unique abilities and negotiations with the town council; but he also believes he knows what is best for the town, and they, in turn, benefit as well.
Question 3 -- Runaway Train Scenario- One of the preeminent philosophers of the Enlightenment, Rousseau, contradicted many other philosophers of the time in that he saw the same brutish and ugly conditions in urban life, competition, and greed; but,…
Sample Source(s) Used
REFERENCES
Social Contract Theory. (2009). Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from: http://www.iep.utm.edu/soc-cont/
Feinberg, J., et.al. (2008). Reason and Responsibility: Readings in Some Basic Problems of Philosophy. Belmont, CA: Thompson Higher Education.
Gay, P. (1996). The Enlightenment: The New Science of Freedom. New York: Norton.
Singer, Peter. (1990). Egoism. In Baier, K., ed. A Companion to Ethics. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
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