Moral Philosophy Essays (Examples)
Study Document
The American Friends And The Peace Movement
… and what that means today.
Background
The AFSC is a global social justice association with a mission that has its foundation in the moral philosophy of the Quaker religion. Established in 1917, after the United States entered World War I, the AFSC at first acted as principled conscientious ……
References
References
Franklin, S. (2020). American Friends Service Committee. Retrieved from https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1167/american-friends-service-committee
Frost, J. W. (1992). " Our Deeds Carry Our Message": The Early History of the American Friends Service Committee. Quaker History, 81(1), 1-51.
Ingle, H.L., (2016). "Truly Radical, Non-violent, Friendly Approaches": Challenges to the American Friends Service Committee. Quaker History 105(1), 1-21. DOI:10.1353/qkh.2016.0004.
Mechling, E. W., & Mechling, J. (1992). Hot pacifism and cold war: The American friends service committee's witness for peace in 1950s America. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 78(2), 173-196.
The Nobel Prize. (2020). American Friends Service Committee. Retrieved from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1947/friends-committee/facts/
Study Document
Intelligence Oversight Ethics
… game changer for intelligence, and the Digital Age was the portal by which intelligence oversight would enter into an entirely new realm, where moral and ethical questions would have to be asked all anew. Cantarella (2016) notes that “the revelations coming from the Snowden Archives have shown … still unclear as to…[break]…to understand in Shafer-Landau’s (2014) book, which are that 1) subjectivism and relativism are a kind of halfway point between moral objectivism and moral nihilism; 2) Subjectivists themselves are divided on the matter of cultural relativism, as some believe that society can have very wrong views on … nihilism; 2) Subjectivists themselves are divided on the matter of cultural relativism, as some believe that society can have very wrong views on moral; 3) moral knowledge depends upon moral truth, so if there is no objective moral truth there is nothing (the argument of the moral nihilists); and 4)……
References
References
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35.2 (2012), 77-99.
Brown, William F., and Americo R. Cinquegrana. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Warrantless Physical Searches for Foreign Intelligence Purposes: Executive Order 12,333 and the Fourth Amendment.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Cath. UL Rev. 35 (1985): 97.
Cantarella, Michele. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Intelligence ethics in the digital age.\\\\\\\\\\\\" (2016).
Congressional Research Service, “CIA Ethics Education: Background and Perspectives” (2018).
Ferrari, Rachel. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Moral Relativism and Dangerous Ethical Dilemmas in the US Intelligence Community.\\\\\\\\\\\\" (2018).
Ford, Christopher M. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Intelligence Demands in a Democratic State: Congressional Intelligence Oversight.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Tul. L. Rev. 81 (2006): 721.
Goldman, Jan. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Teaching About Intelligjence and Ethics.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Journal of US Intelligence Studies 20, no. 2 (2013): 79.
Hayes, Jonathan. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The Cinema of Oliver Stone: Art, Authorship and Activism by Ian
Study Document
Counterintelligence Issues Within The United States
… deception in ethical systems. Mattox (2002), for example, observed that the practice of deception “is subject to limitations imposed by the demands of moral” (4). Mattox (2002) makes the good point that intelligence professionals must “act in good faith even with those who are their adversaries” (4). … who are their adversaries” (4). Yet, this point is not supported by all researchers, including Cohen (2016), who argues that there are no moral limits on military deception. Mattox (2002) makes the better argument for numerous reasons: first, he supports his argument with a moral framework that is justifiable based on long-term results, which Mattox (2002) calls the limitation of long-term negative effects. When deception is used cautiously … that is justifiable based on long-term results, which Mattox (2002) calls the limitation of long-term negative effects. When deception is used cautiously and moral, the adversary is more willing to accept it……
References
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. "The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles." Bachelor's thesis, Università Ca'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Cohen, Shlomo. 2016. "Are There Moral Limits to Military Deception?." Philosophia 44 (4): 1305-1318.
Coyne, John, Peter Bell, and Shannon Merrington. 2013. "Exploring ethics in intelligence and the role of leadership." Interntional Journal of Business and Commerce 2 (10): 27-37.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. "'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering." Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. "Strategic denial and deception." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Study Document
Code Of Ethics For Managers In Acquisition
… significant room for interpretation. Thus, the code of ethics has to be simple enough that it can be understood when confronted with a moral dilemma, but general enough so as to be applied to situations that fall well outside the norm. It is not, after all, an … before they are faced with the pressure of real life situations. Such preparation, the authors note, is essential to “shaping the ethics and moral behaviors of organizational actors,” creating disciplined, ethical subjects.
Does the Code of Ethics Need a Clear Ethical Framework?
Because there are multiple schools ……
References
References
Adelstein, J. & Clegg, S. (2016) Code of ethics: A stratified vehicle for compliance. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 138 (1) 53-66.
Lazeros, M. (2008) Leaders can learn from Druyun’s ethical lapses and their consequences. USAWC Research Project. Retrieved October 25, 2019 from https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a479019.pdf
McConnnell, A. & Rood, T. (1997) Ethics in government: A survey of misuse of position for personal gain and its implications for developing acquisition strategy. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 16 (1997) 1107-1116.
McConnell, T. (2018). Moral dilemmas. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Retrieved October 25, 2019 from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/moral-dilemmas/
Neu, D., Everett, J. & Rahaman, A. (2015) Preventing corruption within government procurement: Constructing the disciplined and ethical subject. Critical Perspectives on Accounting. Vol. 28 (2015) 49-61.
Study Document
Marcus Aurelius
… and His Stoicism with Rousseau s Libertinism
Marcus Aurelius: What Has Been Lost
Natural law ethics were articulated by Aristotle in classical Greek philosophy and have been a mainstay of Western philosophy ever since, being discussed by Roman philosophers, early Church Fathers and Scholastics in the Middle Ages. It was not until the Reformation and … until the Reformation and the Age of Enlightenment when modern society began to reject the Old World values where natural law conformed with moral law. Enlightenment philosophers like Jean-Jacques Rousseau abandoned the notion of Original Sin and of fallen human nature and viewed natural law from a … life. Divided into 12 books, Meditations is as much a reflection on the Emperor’s own life as it is a meditation on stoic philosophy—the Hellenistic school of thought founded by Zeno in Athens some four hundred years prior. Stoicism, which Marcus Aurelius promotes in Meditations,……
References
Works Cited
Anderson, Ryan. “Sex Reassignment Doesn’t Work. Here Is the Evidence.” Heritage, 2018. https://www.heritage.org/gender/commentary/sex-reassignment-doesnt-work-here-the-evidence
Aurelius, Marcus. Book One. Meditations. http://classics.mit.edu/Antoninus/meditations.1.one.html
Aurelius, Marcus. Book Two. Meditations. http://classics.mit.edu/Antoninus/meditations.2.two.html
Laux, J. Church History. New York: Benziger Brothers, 1933.
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. Emile. https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/rousseau-emile-or-education
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. The Social Contract. https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/rousseau-the-social-contract-and-discourses
Strange, Steven (ed). Stoicism: Traditions and Transformations. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004.
Study Document
The Modern World Of Autonomy Vs Heteronomy
...Moral philosophy Introduction
In the world today, information societies, all referred to as digital or postindustrial societies, are among the latest developments and are mainly founded on the generation of services and information. Information societies are powered by digital technology, and high-tech organizations like Microsoft, RIM, and Apple are its version of steel and railroad production companies. Given that the information societies’ economy is steered by knowledge, great power lies among those in control of the production, storage, and distribution of information (Steiner and Stewart, 527). Social classes are subdivided by peoples’ access to an education, because without any communication and technical skills, individuals part of an information society do not have any means to succeed.
Theoretical perspectives on modern society
Whereas several sociologists have conducted various research on social and society interactions, Max Weber and Karl Max established different theoretical strategies to assist us in understanding the development and growth of……
References
Works cited
Gerth, H. H., and C. Wright Mills. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Politics as a Vocation.\\\\\\\\\\\\" From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology (1946): 77-128.
Little, William. “Chapter 4. Society and Modern Life.” Introduction to Sociology – 2nd Canadian Edition. (n.d.). Web.
Lumen Learning. “Theoretical Perspectives on Society.” Society and Social Interaction. (n.d.). Web.
Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The Communist Manifesto.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Selected Works bu Karl Marx and Frederick Engels. Neu York: International Publishers 1363 (1848). 108-127.
Marx, Karl. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Economic and philosophical manuscripts.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Early writings 333 (1844) 75–112.
Marx, Karl. Grundrisse: Foundations of the critique of political economy. Penguin UK, 2005. 82-111.
Steiner, Pierre, and John Stewart. \\\\\\\\\\\\"From autonomy to heteronomy (and back): The enaction of social life.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 8.4 (2009): 527.
Weber, Max. The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. New Introduction and Translation by Stephen Kalberg. ROXBURY PUBLISHING COMPANY, 2001. 13-37
Study Document
Ethical Issues In Criminal Justice
… follower. The reason for this is that they want their officers to engage in ethical decision making, which means making the right decision moral. Sometimes officers can have an unconscious or implicit bias and this can affect their decision making (Hehman, Flake & Calanchini, 2018). Having a … officers need to engage in critical thinking. This means they have to ask themselves a series of questions when making decisions regarding the moral of the actions under consideration. They must ask if the action would be legal, whether it will result in a good end, whether … about some good; and whether one would be able to justify with reason the action if necessary before the public.
2 Ethics within philosophy in a Criminal Justice Context
The three main ethical philosophies are Virtue Ethics, Deontology (Duty Ethics) and Utilitarianism. A fourth ethical philosophy is often used to justify questionable behaviors……
References
References
Cahn, S. & Markie, P. (2011). Ethics: History, Theory and Contemporary Issues, 5th Edition. UK: Oxford University Press.
Hehman, E., Flake, J. K., & Calanchini, J. (2018). Disproportionate use of lethal force in policing is associated with regional racial biases of residents. Social psychological and personality science, 9(4), 393-401.
Holmes, A. (2007). Ethics: Approaching moral decisions. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
Roufa, T. (2019). Ethics in law enforcement. Retrieved from https://www.thebalancecareers.com/ethics-in-law-enforcement-and-policing-974542
Study Document
Death Penalty In Canada
… deliberate killing of another is fair. To answer that question, one must look at the ethical perspectives that help people to determine the moral course.
The oldest of the big three ethical perspectives is that of virtue ethics, which was put forward by Aristotle. The main idea … ethical perspectives is that of virtue ethics, which was put forward by Aristotle. The main idea behind virtue ethics is that what is moral is that which helps to develop the character (Hursthouse). The cultivation of virtue, i.e., good habits, is posited as the main objective of … develop the character (Hursthouse). The cultivation of virtue, i.e., good habits, is posited as the main objective of a good life and a moral action is that which helps one to achieve the goal of virtue. Can it be said that the death penalty might assist one … capital punishment has utility as……
References
Works Cited
Capote, Truman. In Cold Blood. NY: Vintage, 1994.
Holmes, A. Ethics: Approaching moral decisions. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2007.
Hursthouse, Rosalind. “Virtue Ethics.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2016. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-virtue/
Kronenwetter, M. Capital Punishment: A Reference Handbook. CA: ABC-CLIO, 2001.
Robbins, Tim, dir. Dead Man Walking. Gramercy Pictures, 1995. Film.
Study Document
C Suite Executive Leadership And Ethics
… decisions on a daily basis. Interviews with senior executives can reveal the complexities of ethical decision making at the executive level, as personal moral frequently disconnect from the ethical culture governing the organization or the industry’s regulatory climate (Bailey & Shantz, 2018). Bandwagon fallacies—the sense that because … but also courage and humility.
The subject of this interview holds ethical beliefs that align with universal principles, while veering more towards the philosophy of character ethics. As Crossan, Mazutis & Seijts (2013) point out, character ethics or virtue ethics can prove to be a more sensible … that “an organization is only as ethical as its leaders,” (p. 98). One of Linden’s biggest challenges has been to speak out against moral acts, even when they are committed by colleagues he would have referred to as friends. The courage to speak out involves delicate and … minimizes conflict. Three years ago,……
References
References
Bailey, C. & Shantz, A. (2018). Creating an ethically strong organization. MIT Sloan Management Review. http://ilp.mit.edu/media/news_articles/smr/2018/60101.pdf
Crossan, M., Mazutis, D. & Seijts, G. (2013). In search of virtue. Journal of Business Ethics 113(4): 567-581.
Hatcher, T. (2008). The value of values in the C-suite. In Sims, R.R. & Quatro, S.A. (Eds.) Executive Ethics. Charlotte: IAP, pp. 97-122.
Hoekstra, E., Bell, A. & Peterson, S.R. (2008). Humility in Leadership: Abandoning the Pursuit of Unattainable Perfection. In S.A. Quatro & R. R. Sims (Eds.), Executive Ethics: Ethical Dilemmas and Challenges for the C-Suite. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, pp. 79-96.
MacDougall, A.E., Bagdarasov, Z. & Buckley, M.R. (2008). Applying a primary risk management model to the C-suite. In Sims, R.R. & Quatro, S.A. (Eds.) Executive Ethics. Second Edition. Charlotte: IAP, pp. 211-234.
Martin, R. (2011). The CEO\\\\'s ethical dilemma in the era of earnings management. Strategy & Leadership 39(6): 43-47.
Schwartz, M.S. (2013). Developing and sustaining an ethical corporate culture: The core elements. Business Horizons 56(1): 39-50.
Study Document
Legal And Ethical Issues In Healthcare
Legal and Ethical Issues in Healthcare
Healthcare ethics have to do with the wide range of moral decisions that have to be made in medical practice. These are the other considerations that have to be made besides the regular policies … life, none is as important as health. Technological advancements in the practice of medicine and healthcare, in general, emerge with their sets of moral dilemmas. Many of such issues arise from developments in genetic knowledge and reproductive health (Taylor, 2015).
The relationship between the patient and the … subject behavioral research, harvesting and transplanting of human organs, abortion, euthanasia, and allocation of healthcare resources and services are other areas that present moral dilemmas. In the clarification of moral issues in healthcare provision, and consequently, understood, healthcare quality as it is received and practiced should be improved qualitatively (Taylor, 2015).
There is … implementing standard ethical decisions (Webster et al.,……
References
References
Chen, Y. Y., Chu, T. S., Kao, Y. H., Tsai, P. R., Huang, T. S., &Ko, W. J. (2014). To evaluate the effectiveness of health care ethics consultation based on the goals of health care ethics consultation: a prospective cohort study with randomization. BMC medical ethics, 15(1), 1.
Morrison, E. E. (2011). Ethics in health administration: a practical approach for decision-makers. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Nora, C. R. D., Deodato, S., Vieira, M. M. D. S., &Zoboli, E. L. C. P. (2016). Elements and strategies for ethical decision-making in nursing. Texto&Contexto-Enfermagem, 25(2).
Reddy, M. S., &Mythri, S. V. (2016). Health-care Ethics and the Free Market Value System. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 38(5), 371–375. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7176.191387
Taylor, S. C. (2015). Health Care Ethics. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from https://www.iep.utm.edu/h-c-ethi/#H2
Yip, C., Han, N. R., &Sng, B. L. (2016). Legal and ethical issues in research. Indian Journal of anesthesia, 60(9), 684–688. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.190627
Webster, G., Bayliss, F., Rubin, S., &Zoloth, L. (2000). Moral Residue. Margin of Error: The Ethics of Mistakes in the Practice of Medicine. Hagerstown, MD: University Publishing Group.
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