International Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Virtual Learning Solutions For English As Second Language Students
...International How Technology Enhances ESL Students’ Learning Experience
Introduction
In the COVID-19 era, education has taken a dramatic turn towards distance learning, meaning that virtual classrooms are now more popular than ever. But what is the effect of the use of technology in an ESL classroom? Evidence shows that technology actually does enhance ESL students’ learning experience (Kasapoglu-Akyol, 2010). The fact is that ESL students use technology tools in their daily lives and thus not to use technology for learning purposes is akin to taking a fish out of water and then asking it to learn to swim. In the digital era, digital natives have been using technology since birth and it is older teachers and educational systems that are slow to recognize this fact. This paper will show how technology enhances ESL students' learning experience related to ESL instructional practices and analyze how that topic or trend impacts the district,……
References
References
Alvarez-Marinelli, H., Blanco, M., Lara-Alecio, R., Irby, B. J., Tong, F., Stanley, K., & Fan, Y. (2016). Computer assisted English language learning in Costa Rican elementary schools: an experimental study. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 29(1), 103-126.
Beetham, H., & Sharpe, R. (Eds.). (2013). Rethinking pedagogy for a digital age: Designing for 21st century learning. NY: Routledge.
Cassady, J. C., Smith, L. L., & Thomas, C. L. (2017). Supporting emergent literacy for English language learners with computer?assisted instruction. Journal of Research in Reading.
Jiang, H., Tang, M., Peng, X., & Liu, X. (2018). Learning design and technology through social networks for high school students in China. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 28(1), 189-206.
Kahai, S. S., Carroll, E., & Jestice, R. (2007). Team collaboration in virtual worlds. ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 38(4), 61-68.
Kasapo?lu-Akyol, P. (2010). Using educational technology tools to improve language and communication skills of ESL students. Novitas-Royal, 4(2).
Meskill, G., & Mossop, J. (2003). Technologies use with learners of ESL in New Your State: Preliminary report. Retrieved from https://www.albany.edu/lap/Papers/technology%20use.htm
Park, J. Y. (2011). Design education online: Learning delivery and evaluation. International Journal of Art & Design Education, 30(2), 176-187.
Study Document
HR Strategy And Practice
...International Specific HR Strategy
Summary
Human resource management (HRM) is an integral part of organizational operations with greater impacts on financial performance. Modern HR strategies and practices have evolved to incorporate strategic HRM. HR strategies are divided into two categories: general HR strategies and specific HR strategies. General strategies in HR practices focus on high commitment, high involvement, and high-performance management. On the contrary, specific HR strategies focus on what the organization sets to do in relation to its HRM policies and practices. Business organizations are increasingly establishing specific HR strategies to enhance their competitive advantage and performance. Specific HR strategies differ from general strategies as they are based on the unique aspects of an organization’s operations.
An example of a specific HR strategy is IRM’s HR strategy, which reflects the general aspirations and intentions of the company. The HR strategy reflects four key areas of its overall business strategy: business……
References
References
Boon, C., Eckardt, R., Lepak, D.P. & Boselie, P. (2017, October 5). Integrating Strategic Human Capital and Strategic Human Resource Management. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(1), 34-67.
Boon, C., Hartog, D.N.D. & Lepak, D.P. (2019, January 14). A Systematic Review of Human Resource Management Systems and Their Measurement. Journal of Management, 45(6), 2498-2537.
Richard, O.C. & Johnson, N.B. (2001, March). Strategic Human Resource Management Effectiveness and Firm Performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(2), 299-310.
Seyyedjavadin, S.R. & Zadeh, M.H. (2009, June). HR Strategy and Its Aligning with Organizational Strategy and Human Capabilities. Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 2(2), 5-29.
Wright, P.M. (2008). Human Resource Strategy – Adapting to the Age of Globalization. Retrieved July 25, 2020, from https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/special-reports-and-expert-views/Documents/HR-Strategy-Globalization.pdf
Study Document
Angleton S Counterintelligence Program And What Went Wrong
...International Counterintelligence Thesis Proposal
Abstract
This proposal describes the need for an ethical standard in counterintelligence. It discusses how an analysis of the formation of the counterintelligence program under Angleton can provide insight into what went wrong with counterintelligence and how those problems can be prevented in the future. It uses a combination of conflict theory, structural functionalism and critical theory to explore the dimensions of counterintelligence in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. The research design is qualitative with the case study approach to Angleton’s counterintelligence serving as the method. The aim of the research is to provide an ethical framework that could be used to help the counterintelligence enterprise collaborate more effectively with the private sector in the future.
Introduction
Intelligence and counterintelligence operations have always been a part of the American Republic (Federation of American Scientists 1996). General Washington was aware of the threat of foreign espionage and the……
References
Reference List
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35.2 (2012), 77-99.
Bartos, C. and P. Wehr. 2002. Using conflict theory. UK: University of Cambridge.
Bellaby, Ross. "What's the Harm? The Ethics of Intelligence Collection." Intelligence and National Security 27, no. 1 (2012): 93-117.
Church Committee. “Final report of the Select committee to study governmental operations With respect to Intelligence activities United states senate Together with Additional, supplemental, and separate Views.” Intelligence.senate.gov, 1976. https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_I.pdf
Coyne, John, Peter Bell, and Shannon Merrington. "Exploring ethics in intelligence and the role of leadership." Interntional Journal of Business and Commerce 2, no. 10 (2013): 27-37.
Erskine, Toni. "'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering." Intelligence & National Security 19, no. 2 (2004): 359-381.
Nakashima, Ellen. “Top counterintelligence official challenges the private sector to step up defenses against foreign spying.” Washington Post, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/top-counterintelligence-official-challenges-the-private-sector-to-step-up-defenses-against-foreign-spying/2020/02/10/d842d83c-4c15-11ea-9b5c-eac5b16dafaa_story.html Pfaff, T., & Tiel, J. R. (2004). The ethics of espionage. Journal of Military Ethics, 3(1), 1-15.
Study Document
Traditional Medicine Usage In African Nations
...International Overview of Africa’s Post-Conflict History
Historical Formal Institutions
Colonial legacies persist in Africa in spite of a post-colonial era (Austin, 2010). These legacies have continued in post-conflict Africa’s history. In Africa, there has been no real unifying factor bringing individuals together, primarily because of the communal aspect of society throughout the continent. Community exists and can be found everywhere in Africa. Structural, dramaturgic and institutional factors in formal institutionalization in Africa of health care has come about as a result of investment, development, and political stability (Ratcliffe, 2013). The relationship among cultural traditions, laws of society, and the symbolic boundaries have served to create the structural meanings behind formal institutions; the expressive dimension, communicative properties and interaction of these elements have made up the dramaturgic, and the actors and organizations themselves have manifested the institutional. An example of this can be seen in Nigeria.
Structurally, dramaturgically and institutionally, Africa has……
References
References
Afro-centric Alliance, A. (2001). Indigenisingorganizational change: Localisation in Tanzania and Malawi. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16(1), 59-78.
Asiseh, F., Owusu, A., & Quaicoe, O. (2017). An analysis of family dynamics on high school adolescent risky behaviors in Ghana. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 26(5), 425-431.
Austin, G. (2010). African economic development and colonial legacies (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 11-32). Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement.
Brager, G., Specht, H., Torczyner, J. L., &Torczyner, J. (1987). Community organizing. Columbia University Press.
Bratton, M., & Van de Walle, N. (1997). Democratic experiments in Africa: Regime transitions in comparative perspective. Cambridge university press.
Burnham, G. M., Pariyo, G., Galiwango, E., & Wabwire-Mangen, F. (2004). Discontinuation of cost sharing in Uganda. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82, 187-195.
Dillard, C., Duncan, K. L., & Johnson, L. (2017). Black History Full Circle: Lessons from a Ghana Study Abroad in Education Program. Social Education, 81(1), 50-53.
Ehui, S. (2020). Protecting food security in Africa. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2020/05/14/protecting-food-security-in-africa-during-covid-19/
Study Document
Logistical Support And Distribution Strategies
...International Logistical Support and Distribution Strategies
Distribution strategies refer to techniques of services/goods dissemination to end customers. Adoption of the ideal distribution technique for one’s organization forms the key when it comes to generating revenue and ensuring client loyalty. Several organizations opt for several distribution techniques to cater to diverse end-customer bases. Logistical aspects have always contributed strategically to the organizational business. Within the context of wholesalers and retailers, such organizations go beyond the areas of transportation and inventory management for including one among the most crucial components of organizational success—location relative to supply sources or end-customer markets. When it comes to producers, logistics is concerned with basic aspects like manufacturing unit location, customer service quality/standards, and raw material sourcing. Of late, business environmental evolution has coerced large as well as small corporations into focusing closely on the link between this function and others (Heskett, 1977).
Key factors in organizational strategy……
References
References
Heskett, J. L. (1977). Logistics-essential to strategy. Harvard Business Review, 55(6), 85-96.
Jenkins, L. (2018). Distribution strategy | Cutting edge distribution strategies 2020. Software Selection Tool | Software Selection Management | SelectHub. https://www.selecthub.com/enterprise-resource-planning/cutting-edge-distribution-strategies/
La Londe, B. J., & Masters, J. M. (1994). Emerging logistics strategies. International journal of physical distribution & logistics management.
Li, X. (2014). Operations management of logistics and supply chain: Issues and directions. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 2014.
Ma, X., Yin, Y., & Liu, T. (2011, August). The simulation and optimizing of different distribution strategies for the distribution centre based on Flexsim. In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics (ICAL) (pp. 201-204). IEEE.
Partida, B. (2017, November 14). The right distribution strategy affects logistics performance. Supply Chain Management Review. https://www.scmr.com/article/the_right_distribution_strategy_affects_logistics_performance
Study Document
Using DoorDash To Promote A Restaurant Brand
...International Implementing the Market Strategy
Introduction
Just as important as developing the market strategy is the process of implementing the strategy. Implementation has its own set of challenges that have to be addressed, however. These include forming strategic partnerships, managing top-selling products, improving pricing strategies; developing sales Promotion, advertising and sale promotion strategies; developing digital strategies and measuring market performance. This paper will address each of these challenges and offer solutions for implementing the market strategy for OPG.
Strategic Partnerships
Strategic partnerships the company could develop to help promote both companies could be to look for a local brewer who is wanting to expand and partnering with that brewer to brew in the adjacent building owned by OPG. OPG wants to start brewing its own beer, but instead of hiring a brewmeister and investing in the brewing business, it may make more sense to partner with a small existing brewer and……
References
References
Gallardo-Echenique, E. E., Marqués-Molías, L., Bullen, M., & Strijbos, J. W. (2015). Let’s talk about digital learners in the digital era. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(3), 156-187.
Gibson, C., & Homan, S. (2004). Urban redevelopment, live music and public space: Cultural performance and the re?making of Marrickville. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 10(1), 67-84.
Lawson, C. (2007). Victorian Young Planners: News and Views-Pot, Parma and Trivia Night. Planning News, 33(6), 12.
Queensland. (2020). Key components of a digital strategy. Retrieved from https://www.business.qld.gov.au/running-business/it/digital-strategy/key-components
Study Document
One Nation Under God Documentary
… to go the length in proving that homosexuality is a problem and a disease to be rid of. This is the reason Exodus International was established to help people become normal through psychological therapies. The ex-gay movement came into being where the homosexuals who are transitioned from … from generations of myths about homosexuality. Even their transition is contrasted with alcoholism, a kind of illegal addiction, by the president of Exodus International to prove a futile point that if alcoholism can be treated, this can be too (Rzeznik, 1993).
Some early pioneers that helped the ……
References
References
Dworkin, S. H. (2002). LGBT Identity, Violence, and Social Justice: The Psychological is Political.
Fitzsimons, T. (2018, October 19). LGBTQ History Month: Early pioneers of the gay rights movement. NBC News.
History. (2020, April 03). Gay Rights.
Meyer, I. H. (2007, November 09). Prejudice, Social Stress, and Mental Health in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Populations: Conceptual Issues and Research Evidence.
Roth, K. (2015, January 23). LGBT: Moving Towards Equality. World Economic Forum.
Rzeznik, F. (Director). (1993 ). One Nation Under God [Motion Picture].
Study Document
Self Regulation Proposal
… for them to gain it and put a case together. Companies alone also have the power to monitor their own actions on the international stage. Third party regulators do not. Companies also have the means to monitor and regulate: RegTech has advanced to a point where information ……
References
References
Arner, D. W., Barberis, J., & Buckey, R. P. (2016). FinTech, RegTech, and the reconceptualization of financial regulation. Nw. J. Int'l L. & Bus., 37, 371.
Arnone, M., & Padoan, P. C. (2008). Anti-money laundering by international institutions: a preliminary assessment. European Journal of Law and Economics, 26(3), 361-386.
Greene, E., & Odorski, C. (2015). SEC enforcement in the financial sector: addressing
Omarova, S. T. (2010). Rethinking the future of self-regulation in the financial industry. Brook. J. Int'l L., 35, 665.post-crisis criticism. Bus. L. Int'l, 16, 5.
Omarova, S. T. (2011). Wall street as community of fate: Toward financial industry self-regulation. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 159(2), 411-492.
Pritchard, A. C. (2003). Self-regulation and securities markets. Regulation, 26, 32.
Study Document
Positive And Negative Effects Athletic Performance And Caffeine
… coffee amounts of about 118 mg to 295 mg of caffeine to perceive any prospective benefit in their athletic performance (Patton, 2016).
The International Olympic Committee dictates a permissible maximum amount of 12 ?g of caffeine for every ml of urine. A dosage of caffeine that varies ……
References
References
Anthony, G. (2019). Positive and negative effects of caffeine on athletes. Align Thoughts. Retrieved from: https://www.alignthoughts.com/positive-and-negative-effects-of-caffeine-on-athletes/
Dunford, M., & Doyle, J. A. (2011). Nutrition for sport and exercise. Cengage Learning.
Evolution Nutrition. (2015). How Caffeine Affects Athletic Performance. Retrieved from: https://www.acefitness.org/education-and-resources/professional/expert-articles/5407/how-caffeine-affects-athletic-performance/
Jenkinson, D. M., & Harbert, A. J. (2008). Supplements and sports. American family physician, 78(9), 1039-1046.
Letter, W. (1995). The New Wellness Encyclopedia. University of California at Berkeley.
Mattioli, A. V., Sisca, G., & Farinetti, A. (2019). Potential negative effects of caffeine in athletes. Progress in Nutrition, 21(1), 241-242.
McDaniel, L. W., McIntire, K., Streitz, C., Jackson, A., & Gaudet, L. (2010). The effects of caffeine on athletic performance. College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS), 6(1), 33-38.
Mishra, D. (2018). Caffeine For Athletic Performance: Good Or Avoid? Sideline Sports. Retrieved from: https://www.sidelinesportsdoc.com/caffeine-for-athletic-performance-good-or-avoid/
Study Document
Homeland Defense And Private Security After September 11 Attacks
… in the protection of critical infrastructure in several ways (Dugulin & Niglia, 2015).
First, private actors can act as advisers to government agencies and international agencies. There are many private sector consultancy firms that are directly involved in advising companies and agencies around the world that own or … the world that own or run critical infrastructures. They have a lot of knowledge and experience they can share with government agencies and international agencies to help with the protection of critical infrastructures. For instance, some private sector actors do directly evaluate critical infrastructure operator needs. They ……
References
References
Chanley, V. (2002). Trust in Government in the Aftermath of 9/11: Determinants and Consequences. Political Psychology, 23(3), 469-483. Retrieved May 11, 2020, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3792588
Dugulin, R., & Niglia, A. (2015, May 17). The private sector in the protection of critical infrastructure - GRI. Global Risk Insights. https://globalriskinsights.com/2015/05/the-private-sectors-vital-role-in-the-protection-of-critical-infrastructure/
Gramlich, J. (2018, September 11). Since 9/11, Americans have seen anti-terrorism policy as a top priority. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/09/11/defending-against-terrorism-has-remained-a-top-policy-priority-for-americans-since-9-11/
Morgan, D. (2019). Homeland Security Research and Development: Homeland Security Issues in the 116th Congress. Current Politics and Economics of the United States, Canada, and Mexico, 21(1), 43-46.
Moteff, J., Copeland, C., & Fischer, J. (2003, January). Critical infrastructures: What makes an infrastructure critical?. Library of Congress Washington DC Congressional Research Service.
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