Humanities Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Agency Theory And The Limitations Of Representative Government
...Humanities The Political Nature of the Federal Budget Process
Introduction
The federal budget process is overseen by US Congressmen, who are fundamentally immersed in the political nature of government. As Elwood (2008) notes, members of Congress are influenced in three ways: 1) by money that is used to finance their political campaigns; 2) by obtaining the votes necessary for reelection; and 3) by obtaining expert advice on topics that are of personal importance to them. The federal budget process is particularly impactful on the first two and vice versa. For example, “the ability to funnel money into a congressional district or state provides an excellent opportunity for a legislator to remain in office” (Elwood, 2008, p. 3). This ability creates a conflict of interest among the politicians overseeing the budget process. On the one hand they are tasked with producing a budget resolution and allocating funds based on the duty to……
References
References
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Agency theory: An assessment and review. Academy of management review, 14(1), 57-74.
Elwood, T. W. (2008). Politics of the US Federal Budget Process. International quarterly of community health education, 28(1), 3-12.
Jennings, M. (2008). Business Ethics: Case Studies and Selected Readings. Cengage.
Machold, S., Ahmed, P.K., & Farquhar, S.S. (2007). Corporate Governance and Ethics: A Feminist Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics (2008) 81:665-678.
ProActive Solutions. (2020). Agency theory. Retrieved from http://knowledgegrab.com/learners-zone/study-support/performance-management-review/framework-introduction-to-hrm/agency-theory/
Study Document
Theory Practice Of Business Psychology In Johnson & Johnson Company
...Humanities Theory and Practice of Business Psychology
Table of Contents
1 Introduction 3
2 Motivators in the Workplace 3
2.1 Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Workplace Motivation 3
2.2 Vroom’s Expectancy Theory 5
2.3 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory 7
2.3.1 Primary Motivators in the Workplace 8
2.3.2 Secondary Motivators in the Workplace 10
2.4 Extent of the Impact of Primary Motivators 12
3 References 12
Introduction
Motivation can be delineated as a psychosomatic feature, which urges individuals to achieve both personal and organizational objectives. In the workplace context, it is deemed to be the incentives that trigger and drive the employees to obtain better job performance and make a contribution to more substantial efforts (Asim, 2013). For an organization to compete efficaciously in the international market, it is essential to design jobs, and duties in a way that stress id diminished, and the levels of employee satisfaction and motivation, as well……
References
References
Asim, M., 2013. Impact of Motivation on Employee Performance with effect of training: Specific to Education Sector of Pakistan. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 3(9), 1-9.
Heneman, H. G., & Schwab, D. P., 1972. Evaluation of research on expectancy theory predictions of employee performance. Psychological Bulletin, 78(1), 1.
Herzberg, F., 1987. One More Time: How Do You Motivate Employees? Harvard Business Review, 65, 5.
Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. & Snyderman, B. 1959. The motivation to work. New York. John Wiley.
Hilgert, R. L., Leonard, E. C., 2001. Supervision: Concepts and practices of management. New York: South-Western College Publication.
Johnson & Johnson., 2020. Wellness 360: 9 Innovative Johnson & Johnson Employee Benefits for Mind, Body, and Budget. Retrieved 25 February 2020 from https://www.jnj.com/health-and-wellness/innovative-employee-benefits-and-wellness-programs-from-johnson-johnson
Johnson & Johnson., 2020. Careers: Healthiest Finances. Retrieved 25 February 2020 from https://www.careers.jnj.com/employee-benefits/financial-benefits .
Johnson & Johnson. , 2018. 2018 Health for Humanity Report: Creating Unique Career Opportunities. Retrieved 25 February 2020 from https://healthforhumanityreport.jnj.com/our-people/creating-unique-career-opportunities
Study Document
Jim Collins And The Five Levels Of Leadership
...Humanities Level Five Leadership
Introduction: What is Level Five Leadership?
Level Five Leadership is a concept developed by Jim Collins in the book Good to Great. Level Five Leaders are top notch leaders: they are the greats who make big things happen. They are ones about whom books are written. They are the ones who leave the biggest shoes to fill when they are gone.
Collins describes five levels of leadership. This paper will briefly discuss the four levels that precede the top level. Then it will define what it means to be a Level Five Leader and will provide some examples of Level Five Leadership that can be found in the world today.
The First Four Levels of Leadership
The first four levels of leadership range from capable leaders to effective leaders: these are not bad levels of leadership by any means—but they are not what can be called great.……
References
Works Cited
Chamers, M.M. (2014). An Integrative Theory of Leadership (4thed.). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
Collins, Jim. “Level 5 Leadership: The Triumph of Humility and Fierce Resolve.” Harvard Business Review, July-August (2005). https://hbr.org/2005/07/level-5-leadership-the-triumph-of-humility-and-fierce-resolve
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.
Study Document
Peace Efforts Of The American Friends Committee War Relief USA
...Humanities How the Quakers Opposed the Detainment of Japanese Americans during WWII
The American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), the co-beneficiary of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947, was established in Philadelphia by individuals from the Religious Society of Friends (i.e., the Quakers) in Spring 1917. The link between AFSC and the Religious Society of Friends was always tenuous, as the activism of the organization was something universal that many non-Quakers around the world could celebrate, while the actual tenets of Quakerism were not nearly as popular as the peace movement that the Religious Society of Friends took part in. Initially, the goals of the committee were limited; however, over the 20th century, the AFSC embraced pacifism and began taking part in the fight for peace (Ingle, 2016). The AFSC essentially helped to support and come to the aid of the victims of war, whether they were Jewish, Russian, European, African, etc.……
References
References.
Franklin, S. (2020). American Friends Service Committee. Retrieved from https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1167/american-friends-service-committee
Frost, J. W. (1992). " Our Deeds Carry Our Message": The Early History of the American Friends Service Committee. Quaker History, 81(1), 1-51.
Ingle, H.L., (2016). "Truly Radical, Non-violent, Friendly Approaches": Challenges to the American Friends Service Committee. Quaker History 105(1), 1-21. DOI:10.1353/qkh.2016.0004.
Mechling, E. W., & Mechling, J. (1992). Hot pacifism and cold war: The American friends service committee's witness for peace in 1950s America. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 78(2), 173-196.
The Nobel Prize. (2020). American Friends Service Committee. Retrieved from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1947/friends-committee/facts/
Weir, A. (2014). Against Our Better Judgment. IN: CreateSpace.
Study Document
Field Of Organizational Leadership
...Humanities Organizational Leadership in Today's Society
Organizational leadership is a term used to refer to management approach through which leaders help establish strategic goals and objectives while motivating employees toward the achievement of these goals/objectives. In the modern business environment, organizational leadership is critical toward achieving the desired success given increased competitiveness. Modern organizations face intense competition from their rivals because of rapid technological advancements and increased globalization. These advancements have brought new ways of doing business, which has in turn generated new demands on organizational leaders. Therefore, organizational leaders need to establish strategic approaches that enhance competitiveness, success or profitability.
The Concept of Leadership
Based on insight obtained from the course, leadership primarily refers to the process of influencing others toward common goals or objective. Leadership determines the success or failure of any organization or project because of its role in influence (Wadhwa & Parimoo, 2013). Therefore, leadership is important……
References
References
Chirimbu, S. (2014). Challenges of Leadership in Modern Organizations: Knowledge, Vision, Values. Annals of Spiru Haret University Economic Series, 14, 39-48.
Emory University. (2020). About Us. Retrieved from Emory University website: http://www.emory.edu/home/about/index.html
Environmental Health and Safety Office. (2019). Organizational Chart. Retrieved from Emory University website: http://www.ehso.emory.edu/about/org-chart.html
Finley, M. (2016). Chaplain’s Leadership May Come in Unconventional Forms. Retrieved April 21, 2020, from https://www.nacc.org/vision/2016-jul-aug/chaplains-leadership-may-come-in-unconventional-forms/
Rennaker, M. (n.d.). PhD in Organizational Leadership. Retrieved from Indiana Wesleyan University website: https://www.indwes.edu/adult-graduate/programs/phd-organizational-leadership/
Wadhwa, S. & Parimoo, D. (2013). Leadership and its Challenges in the Globalizing World. Journal of Management Sciences and Technology, 1(1), 30-37.
Study Document
Gestalt Theory
...Humanities Abstract
Gestalt is a German word signifying a pattern or shape. The roots of Gestalt therapy can be traced to Max Wertheimer, who studied human perceptual illusions. Wertheimer’s research led to a holistic view of the human psyche that provided a necessary counterpoint to the fragmented, reductionist, and structuralist views that prevailed in research psychology. Gestalt therapy emerged after blending the principles of Gestalt with the goals of psychotherapy. In particular, Gestalt therapists like Frederick “Fritz” Perls used the concept of a Gestalt to emphasize the importance of holism in psychotherapy. Humanism also became a cornerstone of Gestalt therapy, which promotes an “I/Thou” therapeutic relationship based on points of contact between individuals who are connected in an integrated social network. Group therapy and art therapy are also methods used in Gestalt psychology.
Although the phrase may seem out of vogue, Gestalt psychology underwrites a lot of contemporary psychotherapies and therapeutic……
References
References
Corey, G. (2016). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Levine, T. B. Y. (2012). Gestalt Therapy: Advances in Theory and Practice. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
Woldt, A. L., & Toman, S. M. (2005). Gestalt Therapy: History, Theory, and Practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Study Document
Cyberbullying
...Humanities Cyberbullying Essay Outline
I. Introduction
A. Bullying involves an imbalance of power between the victim and the bully.
B. Bullying is more than just isolated incidents of negative behavior; it requires repetitive behavior.
C. Cyberbullying occurs electronically, via the internet, cell phones, and social media.
II. Imbalance of power
A. Bullies have some type of power over victims.
B. There are different ways that bullies can exert power over victims.
1. Social power
2. Financial power
3. Sexual power
4. Group power
C. Bullying cannot be mutual, but bullies and victims can switch roles over time.
III. Bullying is repetitive.
A. Not all mean actions are bullying.
B. To qualify as bullying, behaviors have to be repetitive.
C. Not all acts of bullying have to be committed by one bully to be considered part of a repetitive pattern of bullying.
IV. Cyberbullying occurs electronically.
A. Cyberbullying can occur several ways:……
References
Bazarova, Natalie. (14 May 2018). Key Questions in the Fight Against Cyberbullying. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/social-media-stories/201805/key-questions-in-the-fight-against-cyberbullying . Accessed 16 July 2020.
Ben-Joseph, Elena Pearl. (April 2018). Cyberbullying. TeensHealth. https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/cyberbullying.html . Accessed 16 July 2020.
Scheff, Sue. (29 November 2019). Adult Cyberbullying Is More Common Than You Think. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/shame-nation/201911/adult-cyberbullying-is-more-common-you-think . Accessed 16 July 2020.
John, Ann et al., (2018). Self-Harm, Suicidal Behaviors, and Cyberbullying in Children and Young People: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(4): e129 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.9044.
Oakes, Kelly. (15 September 2019). Why Children Become Bullies at School. BBC.com. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190913-why-some-children-become-merciless-bullies . Accessed 16 July 2020.
Study Document
Impact Of Culture On Domestic Violence
… “t” it does not mean the person is any less of a human being. Thus humane approaches to education are needed and the humanities especially need to be promoted in education more regularly. That way people we see that everyone should be treated with respect and kindness ……
References
References
Adorno, T. & Horkheimer, M. (2007). The culture industry: Enlightenment as mass deception. Stardom and celebrity: A reader, 34, 2007.
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130-136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617699280
Breger, M. L. (2017). Reforming by re-norming: How the legal system has the potential to change a toxic culture of domestic violence. J. Legis., 44, 170.
Cashmore, E. (2006). The Black culture industry. Routledge.
Coleman, L. (1974). Carl Van Vechten Presents the New Negro. Studies in the Literary Imagination, 7(2), 85.
Cramer, E. P., Choi, Y. J., & Ross, A. I. (2017). Race, Culture, and Abuse of Persons with Disabilities. In Religion, Disability, and Interpersonal Violence (pp. 89-110). Champaign, IL: Springer.
Davis, A. (2012). The Meaning of Freedom. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books.
Decker, J. L. (1993). The state of rap: Time and place in hip hop nationalism. Social Text, (34), 53-84.
Study Document
Gestalt Therapy Counseling Psychology History And Interventions
...Humanities Abstract
Gestalt is a German word signifying a pattern or shape. The roots of Gestalt therapy can be traced to Max Wertheimer, who studied human perceptual illusions. Wertheimer’s research led to a holistic view of the human psyche that provided a necessary counterpoint to the fragmented, reductionist, and structuralist views that prevailed in research psychology. Gestalt therapy emerged after blending the principles of Gestalt with the goals of psychotherapy. In particular, Gestalt therapists like Frederick “Fritz” Perls used the concept of a Gestalt to emphasize the importance of holism in psychotherapy. Humanism also became a cornerstone of Gestalt therapy, which promotes an “I/Thou” therapeutic relationship based on points of contact between individuals who are connected in an integrated social network. Group therapy and art therapy are also methods used in Gestalt psychology.
Although the phrase may seem out of vogue, Gestalt psychology underwrites a lot of contemporary psychotherapies and therapeutic……
References
References
Brownell, P. (2016). Contemporary Gestalt therapy. In D. J. Cain, K. Keenan, & S. Rubin (Eds.), Humanistic psychotherapies: Handbook of research and practice (p. 219–250). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14775-008
Cherry, K. (2019). Gestalt psychology overview. Very Well Mind. Retrieved from: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-gestalt-psychology-2795808
Covey, G. (2017). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy, enhanced, 10th edition. Cengage.
Jacobs, L. (1989). Dialogue in Gestalt theory and therapy. The Gestalt Journal 12(1): 1-25. Retrieved from: http://www.gestaltpsychotherapie.de/jacobs1.pdf
Kepner, E. (n.d.). Gestalt group processes. Retrieved from: http://www.elementsuk.com/libraryofarticles/gestalt.pdf
Oaklander, V. (1994). Gestalt play therapy. In O’Connor, K.J. & Schaefer, C.E. (Eds.). Handbook of play therapy. John Wiley & Sons, pp. 143-156.
Rock, I. & Palmer, S. (1990). The legacy of Gestalt psychology. Scientific American 263(6): 84-91.
Yontef, G. & Jacobs, L. (n.d.). Gestalt therapy. Retrieved from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1211/3bf06e5fa3208fea4330873403ae65b0891c.pdf
Study Document
Blinded By Sight Seeing Race Through The Eyes Of The Blind
...Humanities Blinded By Sight: Seeing Race Through the Eyes of the Blind
In Western culture as a whole, sight or visual eyewitness proof or testimony is taken to be the ultimate proof of veracity, including of the construct of race. But what if sight were actually an impediment to true racial understanding? This is underlined in Osagie Obasogie’s book Blinded by Sight: Seeing Race Through the Eyes of the Blind which challenges the notion that racial identity exists outside of social constructs and that race can be identified visually. The book encourages a reevaluation of the concept of colorblindness just as much as race, and instead suggest a new way of understanding freedom of oppression, namely a focus upon equal outcomes and addressing historical injustices, rather than upon attempting to not see race. “It is precisely blind people’s lack of vision that can enable the rest of society to see the……
References
Works Cited
Obasogie, Osagie. Blinded by Sight: Seeing Race Through the Eyes of the Blind. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2014.
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