Enforcement Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Developing Ethical Leaders In Law Enforcement
Developing Ethical Leaders in Law Enforcement
At any point in time but especially during periods of social and political unrest, American citizens look to law enforcement authorities to provide them with the informed guidance and support they need to navigate their ways through these challenging times successfully. It is … with the informed guidance and support they need to navigate their ways through these challenging times successfully. It is therefore incumbent upon law enforcement agencies at every level to create an organizational culture that places a high priority of ethical policing practices and to develop ethical leaders … a review of the relevant literature to explicate the importance of ethical leadership and to identify strategies for developing ethical leaders in law enforcement today. A summary of the research and key findings concerning these issues are presented in the paper’s conclusion.
Review and Discussion
Importance of … the research and key……
References
References
Hughes, P. J. (2017, January 1). A new sheriff in town. Advancing Women in Leadership, 31, 8-13.
Law enforcement code of ethics. (2020). The International Association of Chiefs of Police. Retrieved from https://www.theiacp.org/resources/law-enforcement-code-of-ethics .
Law enforcement facts. (2020). National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund. Retrieved from https://nleomf.org/facts-figures/law-enforcement-facts .
McCarthy, N. (2019, May 8). The number of U.S. police officers killed in the line of duty increased law year. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2019/05/08/the-number-of-u-s-police-officers-killed-in-the-line-of-duty-increased-last-year-infographic/
Owens, K. M. & Pfeifer, J. (2009, June). Police leadership and ethics: Training and policy recommendations. Canadian Journal of Police and Security Services, 1(2), 124-130.
Steirheim, M. (2020, March). The importance of ethical leadership and moral courage in pubic management. Public Management, 102(3), 19-23.
Study Document
Violent Crime Control And Law Enforcement Act Of 1994
… with penalizing those who perpetrate criminal offenses. Among the many criminal laws of the nation is its 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act or, simply, crime bill. The bill’s enactment was, in a number of ways, characteristic of the tough-on-criminals bipartisan campaign of the latter … characteristic of the tough-on-criminals bipartisan campaign of the latter part of the past century. The bill included numerous positive provisions like greater law enforcement accountability and fresh protections for those victimized by perpetrators of sexual abuse/assault and domestic violence; however, it was believed to worsen the racial gap … court interpretation of the act through examining different aspects of the bill.
History of crime bill
The 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act or bill was formulated by presidential candidate for the 2020 elections, Joe Biden (a senator at that time). The Congress passed the … signed into law by the……
References
References
Raymond Derrial Madden, Petitioner-appellant, v. United States of America, Respondent-appellee, 64 F.3d 669 (10th Cir. 1995)
Sepulveda v. United States, 69 F. Supp. 2d 633 (D.N.J. 1999)
United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Joanne Kwi Ye Estes, Defendant-appellant, 166 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 1998)
United States v. Madden, No. 92-6206 (10th Cir. Apr. 20, 1993), WL 332262 Books and article
Moore, R. (2017). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. Macat Library.
United States Congress. (1994). Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Public law, (103-322).
Websites
The Establishment. (2016, April 12). About That Controversial 1994 Crime Bill. A Medium Corporation. Retrieved from https://medium.com/the-establishment/about-that-controversial-1994-crime-bill-c17ccfcc25fa
Study Document
SEC Enforcement Of Goldman Sachs And AIG
...Enforcement Goldman Sachs & Co. and Fabrice Tourre were charged by the SEC in 2010 with “Fraud In Connection With the Structuring and Marketing of a Synthetic CDO” from the 2007 subprime mortgage scandal at the heart of the financial crisis of 2007-2008 (SEC, 2010). The specific charge was that the bank and Tourre made material misstatements and omissions in connection with a synthetic collateralized debt obligation that the bank had structured, marketed and sold to investors. The synthetic CDOs were linked to the performance of the subprime housing mortgage market—i.e., the subprime mortgage-backed securities identified by Lewis (2010) as triggering the wave of financial distress that led to central banking intervention (unconventional monetary policy—also known as quantitative easing) and the inflation of asset bubbles currently seen today (Huston & Spencer, 2018). Goldman Sachs settled with the SEC and agreed to pay $550 million on the condition that the bank not……
References
References
Baer, J. (2014). Former Goldman Trader Tourre Won't Appeal Fraud Verdict. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/former-goldman-trader-tourre-wont-seek-appeal-of-securities-fraud-verdict-1401221556
Huston, J. H., & Spencer, R. W. (2018). Quantitative easing and asset bubbles. Applied Economics Letters, 25(6), 369-374.
Lewis, M. (2010). The Big Short. NY: W. W. Norton.
McDonald, R., & Paulson, A. (2015). AIG in Hindsight. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 29(2), 81-106.
Murray, N., Manrai, A. K., & Manrai, L. A. (2018). The role of incentives/punishments, moral hazard, and conflicts of interests in the 2008 financial crisis. The bi-annual academic publication of Universidad ESAN, 22(43).
SEC. (2010). Litigation Release No. 21489 / April 16, 2010. Retrieved from https://www.sec.gov/litigation/litreleases/2010/lr21489.htm
Weisenthal, J. (2009). Goldman Sachs made billions shorting AIG. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/goldman-sachs-made-billions-shorting-aig-2009-3
Study Document
Racial Equality And Justice
… incident led to a public discussion about defunding police. Racial equality and justice in America require a total overhaul of institutions like law enforcement.
Racism in the Age of Covid
2020 brought about massive changes in American and global societies due to the covid-19 pandemic. Along the … racist society. A disproportionate number of people of color are arrested and imprisoned, calling attention to the practices and principles of American law enforcement. The type of racism involved in cases like those of Floyd and Taylor is not overt. Institutional policies prohibit discriminatory behaviors on paper, … discriminatory practices throughout the criminal justice system. In practice, though, racial bias emerges in cases like these and in the response of law enforcement to the communities they serve. Racial bias in criminal justice is a complex issue, but one that must be resolved in order to … pandemic, which disproportionately affects communities……
References
References
Black Lives Matter (2020). Retrieved from: https://blacklivesmatter.com/about/
Cole, B. (2020). Minnesota asks Trump to declare ‘major disaster’ over riots damage. Newsweek. 3 July, 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.newsweek.com/minnesota-riots-tim-walz-clean-george-floyd-1515335
Glover, S., Richards, C., Devine, C., et al. (2020). A key miscalculation by officers contributed to the tragic death of Breonna Taylor. CNN. 23 July, 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/23/us/breonna-taylor-police-shooting-invs/index.html
“History of Juneteenth,” (2020). juneteenth.com. Retrieved from: https://www.juneteenth.com/history.htm
Ray, R. (2020). What does ‘defund the police’ mean and does it have merit? Brookings. Retrieved from: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2020/06/19/what-does-defund-the-police-mean-and-does-it-have-merit/
“Seven Things You Need to Know About Antifa,” (2020). BBC. Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/X56rQkDgd0qqB7R68t6t7C/seven-things-you-need-to-know-about-antifa
“Who Are Antifa?” (2020). ADL. Retrieved from : https://www.adl.org/resources/backgrounders/who-are-antifa
Study Document
US Criminal Justice System
… their function and how they work together?
The three separate government components that make-up the U.S. Criminal justice system comprise of courts, law enforcement, and corrections. Imperatively, these components are dependent on one another and one would not necessarily be beneficial devoid of the others. First of … one another and one would not necessarily be beneficial devoid of the others. First of all, the courts are reliant on the law enforcement to legally gather and comprehensively record and document all evidence and statements made. Secondly, law enforcement works in tandem with the courts in regard to serving warrants and subpoenas. The third component of the justice system, corrections, are employed … also partake in the supervision of individuals subsequent to their release from custody. What is more, the courts make certain that the law enforcement agencies such as the police department obtain search warrants in the event that……
References
References
Ortmeier, P. J. (2006). Introduction to law enforcement and criminal justice. New York: Prentice Hall.
Peak, K. J. (Ed.). (2013). Encyclopedia of community policing and problem solving. Sage Publications.
Perez, D. W., & Moore, J. A. (2012). Police Ethics. Cengage Learning.
Science Daily. (2008). Impact Of Stress On Police Officers\\' Physical And Mental Health. Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080926105029.htm
The New York Times. (2014). Sir Robert Peel’s Nine Principles of Policing. Retrieved from: https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/16/nyregion/sir-robert-peels-nine-principles-of-policing.html
University of San Diego. (2019). The Top 5 Trends in Law Enforcement. Retrieved from: https://onlinedegrees.sandiego.edu/top-5-trends-in-law-enforcement/
Study Document
Gun Violence Among African American Community
… streets, and markets. They would make the African American community safer, and help to promote a more positive culture by showing that law enforcement officers want to work with community members and social workers to help redirect people away from lives of violence towards more positive and … workers can help ensure that the oppressed communities of African Americans are not further antagonized by policies like Stop and Frisk in law enforcement officers’ attempts to stop gun violence. While it is important to stop gun violence, this issue should be addressed in the right way. … means sensitivity has to be maintained at all times and so the social worker can advocate on behalf of the community with law enforcement to consider the alternative policies suggested herein.
Conclusion
The guiding philosophy of Howard University is to always consider the black perspective and to … way that policies like Stop……
References
References
Brown, J. (2005). Tupac Shakur, (2-Pac) in the Studio: The Studio Years (1989-1996). Phoenix, AZ: Colossus Books.
Carbado, D. W. (2017). From Stop and Frisk to Shoot and Kill: Terry v. Ohio's Pathway to Police Violence. UCLA L. Rev., 64, 1508.
Howard University. (2020). PHD in social work. Retrieved from https://socialwork.howard.edu/admissions/programs-study/phd-social-work
Jones, N. (2014). “The regular routine”: Proactive policing and adolescent development among young, poor black men. New directions for child and adolescent development, 2014(143), 33-54.
Llewellyn, J. J., Archibald, B. P., Clairmont, D., & Crocker, D. (2013). Imagining success for a restorative approach to justice: Implications for measurement and evaluation. Dalhousie LJ, 36, 281.
Spergel, I., Wa, K., & Sosa, R. (2005). Evaluation of the Mesa Gang Intervention Program (MGIP). School of Social Service Administration, The University of Chicago.
Violence Policy Center. (2020). Black homicide victimization. Retrieved from http://vpc.org/revealing-the-impacts-of-gun-violence/black-homicide-victimization/
Study Document
Ethical Issues In Criminal Justice
Epistemology and Duty Ethics in Criminal Justice
Ethical Issues
1 Ethics in Law Enforcement Agencies
As Roufa (2019) notes, ethics in law enforcement are essential to prevent behaviors from going unchecked and bad reputations from being developed. Ethics in law enforcement agencies can provide guidelines, identify values that should be promoted, and dictate what sort of actions, behaviors and attitudes law enforcement agents should demonstrate. The Law Enforcement Oath of Office focuses on protecting, upholding and defending the Constitution of the US. It also contains terms regarding how officers should conduct … upholding and defending the Constitution of the US. It also contains terms regarding how officers should conduct themselves: soberly, honorably and honestly.
Law enforcement agencies tend to codify the ethics they want their officers to follower. The reason for this is that they want their officers to ……
References
References
Cahn, S. & Markie, P. (2011). Ethics: History, Theory and Contemporary Issues, 5th Edition. UK: Oxford University Press.
Hehman, E., Flake, J. K., & Calanchini, J. (2018). Disproportionate use of lethal force in policing is associated with regional racial biases of residents. Social psychological and personality science, 9(4), 393-401.
Holmes, A. (2007). Ethics: Approaching moral decisions. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
Roufa, T. (2019). Ethics in law enforcement. Retrieved from https://www.thebalancecareers.com/ethics-in-law-enforcement-and-policing-974542
Study Document
Public Safety And Public Relations
… the department is currently in charge of policing a city populated by 8.5 million individuals; its responsibilities include public safety (various forms), law enforcement, emergency response, traffic management, and counterterrorism. Over the last twenty- five years, the NYPD has ensured immense drops in the property as well … major crime rate, on the whole, in the nation's 25 biggest cities (NYPD, 2020).
The department is separated into chief bureaus for administration, enforcement, and investigation. With seventy- seven patrol precincts, its sleuths, and patrol officers can effectively cover the whole city. Additionally, it has a dozen … contingent on identifying risk factors, in addition to implementing sound risk prevention plans. Nevertheless, the risk is an inescapable part of the law enforcement job, and officers have to take risks, on occasion, for attaining organizational aims (Achim, 2014).
Description of the Subject: Changes in Public Safety … years (susceptibility peaks from 45……
References
References
Achim, A. C. (2014). Risk management issues in policing: from safety risks faced by law enforcement agents to occupational health. Procedia Economics and Finance, 15, 1671-1676.
Bornstein, A. (2005). Antiterrorist policing in New York City after 9/11: Comparing perspectives on a complex process. Human Organization, 64(1), 52-61. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/44127004?seq=1
Buyantseva, L. V., Tulchinsky, M., Kapalka, G. M., Chinchilli, V. M., Qian, Z., Gillio, R., et al. (2007). Evolution of lower respiratory symptoms in New York police officers after 9/11: A prospective longitudinal study. J Occup Environ Med, 49, 310–17.
Homeland Security. (2005). Grand reform: The faster and smarter funding for first responders. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Lippmann, M., Cohen, M. D., & Chen, L-C. (2015). Health effects of World Trade Center (WTC) Dust: An unprecedented disaster with inadequate risk management. Crit Rev Toxicol, 45(6), 492-530. DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2015.1044601
NYPD. (2020). About NYPD. Retrieved from https://www1.nyc.gov/site/nypd/about/about-nypd/about-nypd-landing.page
OHS. (2008). Occupational Health and Safety Code of Practice. Australian Government.
Vault. (2020). Overview. Retrieved from https://www.vault.com/industries-professions/industries/public-safety
Study Document
Criminal Profiling Of Serial Killers
Does Criminal Profiling Work or is it Unjustified The Case of Tim Masters
Introduction
Criminal profiling allows law enforcement to develop their understanding of particular types of crime, criminals, criminal behaviors, and crime-ridden areas. The FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program is … works, who conducts it, what traits of serial killers profiles tend to focus on, and how effective the process is at helping law enforcement agents catch killers. It will ultimately show that while criminal profiling of serial killers has enjoyed some success in the past, it is … tool than as a prosecutorial tool (Van Aken, 2015). The FBI’s NVAVC has definitions and typographies that can be used to assist law enforcement investigations in the identification of or search for serial killers in cases where serial killing is suspected. The term serial killer stems from … serial killers. It was not until the mid-20th century, however, that……
References
References
Alldredge, J. (2015). The" CSI Effect" and Its Potential Impact on Juror Decisions. Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science, 3(1), 6.
Bonn, S. (2019). How the FBI Profiles Serial Offenders. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/wicked-deeds/201905/how-the-fbi-profiles-serial-offenders
Dogra, T.D. et al. (2012). A psychological profile of a serial killer: A case report. Omega: Journal of Death & Dying 65(4), 299-316.
FBI. (2019). Summary of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Retrieved from https://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/killed/2009/aboutucr.html
Karson, M. (2017). Why Profiling Serial Killers Can’t Work. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/feeling-our-way/201711/why-profiling-serial-killers-can-t-work
Miller, L. (2014). Serial killers: I. Subtypes, patterns and motives. Aggression and Violent Behavior 19, 1-11.
Samuel, D. B., & Widiger, T. A. (2007). Describing Ted Bundy's personality and working towards DSM-V. Practice, 27, 20-22.
Sarteschi, C. M. (2016). Serial Murder. In Mass and Serial Murder in America (pp. 45-67). Springer, Cham.
Study Document
Investigative Conclusion And Testimony
… Transcript in response to: “How do we know you are not biased in this case, choosing to report only what would help law enforcement and your company's bottom-line? How can we know from your work that your analysis should be accepted by the court?”
I support the … bottom-line? How can we know from your work that your analysis should be accepted by the court?”
I support the work of law enforcement because I am a firm believer in the rule of law. I am also a firm believer in the fact that that every ……
References
References
Adam, C. (2016). Forensic Evidence in Court: Evaluation and Scientific Opinion. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Casey, E. (Ed.). (2009). Handbook of Digital Forensics and Investigation. Burlington, MA: Academic Press.
Maras, M. (2014). Computer Forensics: Cybercriminals, Laws, and Evidence (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Newman, R.C. (2007). Computer Forensics: Evidence Collection and Management. New York, NY: CRC Press.
Reddy, N. (2019). Practical Cyber Forensics: An Incident-Based Approach to Forensic Investigations. New York, NY: Springer.
U.S. Department of Justice (2018). Reporting Intellectual Property Crime: A Guide for Victims of Copyright Infringement, Trademark Counterfeiting, and Trade Secret Theft. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/criminal-ccips/file/891011/download
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