Empirical Evidence Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Cross Cultural Management
… countries namely the USA, England, and Scotland. This made the studies unique and viable for this present study.
Results/Conclusions
The findings give strong empirical support for the facilitative leader and this is supported by other researchers. There is also similarity and congruence between the three studies (Hamlin ……
References
References
Adler, N. J. (1983). Cross-cultural management: Issues to be faced. International Studies of Management & Organization, 13(1-2), 7-45.
Hamlin, R. G., Beattie, R. S., & Ellinger, A. D. (2007). What do effective managerial leaders really do? Using qualitative methodological pluralism and analytical triangulation to explore everyday ‘managerial effectiveness’ and ‘managerial coaching effectiveness.
Hamlin, R. G., Ellinger, A. D., & Beattie, R. S. (2006). Coaching at the heart of managerial effectiveness: A cross-cultural study of managerial behaviours. Human Resource Development International, 9(3), 305-331.
Søderberg, A.-M., & Holden, N. (2002). Rethinking cross cultural management in a globalizing business world. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 2(1), 103-121.
Study Document
Integrated Waveguide Technologies Preparing For A Public Offering
… Vidhya (2016) identifies that the MM dividend irrelevance theory is founded on a perfect capital market concept while, in reality, markets are imperfect. empirical analysis by Black & Scholes (2010) of a portfolio of 25 common stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange identified no causal … York Stock Exchange identified no causal relationship between dividend yield and stock returns, which are consistent with the dividend irrelevance theory. However, subsequent empirical analysis has demonstrated a positive relationship between stock prices and dividend policy, with stock prices rising with the cash dividend (Travlos et al., ……
References
References
Al-Malkawi, H.-A. N., Rafferty, M., & Pillai, R. (2010). Dividend Policy?: A Review of Literatures and Empirical Evidence. International Bulletin of Business Administration, 5(9), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.12816/0037572
Baker, H. K., & Weigand, R. (2015). Corporate dividend policy revisited. In Managerial Finance (Vol. 41, Issue 2, pp. 126–144). https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-03-2014-0077
Black, F., & Scholes, M. (2010). The effects of dividend yield and dividend policy on common stock prices and returns. In Journal of Financial Economics (Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 1–22). https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(74)90006-3
Farre-Mensa, J., Michaely, R., & Schmalz, M. (2014). Payout Policy. Annual Review of Financial Economics, 6, 75–134.
Mohanasundari, M., & Vidhya, P. (2016). Dividend Policy and Its Impact on Firm Value: A Review of Theories and Empirical Evidence. Journal of Management Sciences and Technology, 3(3), 59–69.
Travlos, Trigeorgis, & Vafeas. (2001). No Title. Multinational Finance Journal, 5(2), 87–112.
Study Document
School Uniforms And Self Esteem
… create an environment in which self-esteem and self-actualization can be achieved. While there is no real consensus among researchers as to what the empirical justification for school uniforms is, this paper will argue that school uniforms are simply a common sense way to help reduce peer pressure … media—all these elements also play a part, as Bandura (2018) observes in his study on what influences behavior.
In conclusion, there is much evidence that shows how much of an impact school uniforms can have on student achievement and self-esteem. The Long Beach study, for example, showed … and part of a whole rather than as rejects or outsiders who must try to find a way to fit in. All the evidence may not be in, but what has been produced signals that school uniforms help a lot more than they could possibly hurt.……
References
References
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130-136.
Bodine, A. (2003). School uniforms, academic achievement, and uses of research. The Journal of Educational Research, 97(2), 67-71.
Caruso, P. (1996). Individuality vs. conformity: The issue behind school uniforms. NASSP Bulletin, 80(581), 83-88.
Fox, K. R., & Lindwall, M. (2014). Self-esteem and self-perceptions in sport and exercise. In Routledge Companion to Sport and Exercise Psychology (pp. 58-72). Routledge.
Murray, R. K. (1997). The impact of school uniforms on school climate. NASSP Bulletin, 81(593), 106-112.
NAESP. (2013). National Survey of School Leaders Reveals 2013 School Uniform Trends. Retrieved from https://www.naesp.org/national-survey-school-leaders-reveals-2013-school-uniform-trends
School connectedness: Strategies for increasing protective factors among youth. (2010). Reclaiming Children and Youth, 19(3), 20-24.
Stanley, M. S. (1996). School uniforms and safety. Education and Urban Society, 28(4), 424-435.
Study Document
Cognitive Theory Clinical Social Work Practice
...Empirical evidence 1. How does this theory fit with a clinical social work perspective?
Continuous concern with the individual in-situation is often regarded as social work’s most unique or distinguishing feature. In spite of the debate on where emphasis should be placed, both internal psychodynamics and environmental determinism are regarded as important for proper social work practice. Recent contributions made to the theoretical groundwork by cognitive-behavioral studies show that both needs can be dealt with simultaneously. Social work practice is anchored on the important, perhaps pivotal, notion that overall human behavior is usually the sum of both environmental and personal realities. Though yet to be developed thoroughly into a formal and widely accepted paradigm, the cognitive learning perspective draws from several perspectives including clinical experience, behaviorism, and cognitive psychology (Berlin, 1987).
According to the Code of Ethics published by the National Association of Social Workers (1996), there is a need to respect……
References
Bibliography
Adefolalu, A. O. (2018). Cognitive-behavioural theories and adherence: Application and relevance in antiretroviral therapy. South Afr J HIV Med., 762.
Bandura A. Organizational applications of social cognitive theory. Aust J Manage. 1988;13(2):275–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/031289628801300210 [Google Scholar]
Berlin, S. B. (1987). Cognitive behavioral interventions for social work practice. National Association of Social Workers, Inc.
Gitterman, A., & Heller, N. (2011). Integrating Social Work Perspectives and Models with Concepts, Methods and Skills with Other Professions’ Specialized Approaches. Clinical Social Work Journal, 204-211.
Gonzalez-Prendes, A. (2012). Cognitive-behavioral practice and social work values: A critical analysis. Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics.
National Association of Social Workers. (1996). Code of Ethics. Retrieved from http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/code.asp.
Nevill, D. (2014). Positive Interventions: Developing a Theoretical Model to Guide Their Development and Use. Master of Applied Positive Psychology (MAPP) Capstone Projects.
Parks, A. C., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2013). Positive interventions: Past, present, and future. In T. Kashdan & J. Ciarrochi (Eds.), Mindfulness, acceptance, and positive psychology: The seven foundations of well-being (pp.140-165). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications
Study Document
Understanding The Factors Affecting The Success Of Credit Risk In
...Empirical evidence Introduction
The banking business sector is enormously impacted by the perceptive and imperceptive factors in an intensely competitive environment. In recent times, this competition has stiffened all the more with the advancement of globalization. In each regard of their business operations, banks ought to take effective measures in order to diminish risk by pinpointing the prospective causes based on real-world circumstances. Imperatively, the banking sector is deemed to be a significant source of financing for several companies and entrepreneurs. In the past decade, there have been dramatic changes concerning the management of risk in the banking industry. Progressively more financial institutions and managers have augmented the focus on the significance of risk management. In delineation, risk management encompasses the practice of identifying, assessing and listing of risks followed by organized and cost-effective application of resources to curtail, supervise and control the probability and influence of disastrous events or to capitalize……
References
References
Bhattarai, Y. R. (2016). Effect of credit risk on the performance of Nepalese commercial banks. NRB Economic Review, 28(1), 41-64.
Das, A. and Ghosh, S. (2007). Determinants of Credit Risk in Indian State-owned Banks: An Empirical Investigation. Economic Issues, 12(2): 48-66.
Derelio?lu, G., & Gürgen, F. (2011). Knowledge discovery using neural approach for SME’s credit risk analysis problem in Turkey. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(8), 9313-9318
Garr, D. K. (2013). Determinants of credit risk in the banking industry of Ghana. Developing Country Studies, 3(11), 64-77.
Gizaw, M., Kebede, M., & Selvaraj, S. (2015). The impact of credit risk on profitability performance of commercial banks in Ethiopia. African Journal of Business Management, 9(2), 59-66.
Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2008). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. New York: Sage.
Kithinji, A. M. (2010). Credit risk management and profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
Limam, I. (2001). Measuring technical efficiency of Kuwaiti banks. Kuwait: Arab Planning Institute.
Study Document
Positive Psychology And Its Link To Meditation
… public interest and a rise in the number of research works on the subject of the effects of meditation, surprisingly, a shortage of empirical evidence summaries can be found, particularly when it comes to evidence arising out of research works outside of the therapeutic setting. A large number of research works have been completed in the quest for … self (Pepping et al., 2013).
Literature Review
Sedlmeier and coworkers (2012) provide an in-depth overview of meditation's impacts on psychological facets extractable from empirical research, focusing on the influence meditation has on nonclinical adult meditator groups. Outcomes proved strongest (i.e., large or medium) in case of changes ……
References
References
Gable, S. L., & Haidt, J. (2005). What (and why) is positive psychology? Review of General Psychology, 9, 103–110. DOI:10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.103
Hasenkamp, W., & Barsalou, L. (2012). Effects of meditation experience on functional connectivity of distributed brain networks. Front. Hum. Neurosci. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00038/full
Kristeller, J. L., & Rikhye, K. (2008). Meditative traditions and contemporary psychology. In K. R. Rao, A. C. Paranjpe & A. K. Dalal (Eds.), Handbook of Indian psychology (pp. 506 –538). New Delhi, India: Cambridge University Press.
McGee, M. (2008). Meditation and psychiatry. Psychiatry, 5, 28 – 40.
Pepping, C. A., Donovan, A., & Davis, P. (2013). The positive effects of mindfulness on self-esteem. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(5), 376-386.
Sedlmeier, P., Eberth, J., Schwarz, M., Zimmerman, D., Haarig, F., Jaeger, S., & Kunze, S. (2012). The psychological effects of meditation: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 138(6), 1139 –1171.
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55, 5–14. DOI:10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.5
Shapiro, S., Walsh, R., Britton, W., & Britton, B. (2003). An analysis of recent meditation research and suggestions for future directions. The Humanistic Psychology, 3(2-3), 69-90.
Study Document
Effectiveness Of The War On Drugs
… 2016)
IV. Discussion
V. Conclusions
A. The war on drugs is a human rights issue.
B. The war on drugs is illogical and empirical proven to be an illegitimate and ineffective strategy.
C. Drugs have been branded and arbitrarily classified as “socially acceptable” versus “criminal,” when drugs … sociology, public health, history, and the law. Of these, none provide tangible support for the war on drugs or recommend its perpetuation as evidence-based or pragmatic policy. Almost without exception too, major research organizations and academic institutions decry the war on drugs and point out its failure ……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
War On Drugs
… Psychedelics
IV. Discussion
V. Conclusions
A. The war on drugs is a human rights issue.
B. The war on drugs is illogical and empirical proven to be an illegitimate and ineffective strategy.
C. Drugs have been branded and arbitrarily classified as “socially acceptable” versus “criminal,” when drugs … sociology, public health, history, and the law. Of these, none provide tangible support for the war on drugs or recommend its perpetuation as evidence-based or pragmatic policy. Almost without exception too, major research organizations and academic institutions decry the war on drugs and point out its failure … even outlandish, to many people, but changing minds should not be overly difficult due to the unequivocal nature of the ample body of evidence supporting an end to prohibition.
Conclusion
When considering the future for drug policy reform, it may be important to consider the issue from ……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
How Men And Women Experience Leisure Differently
...Empirical evidence The Gender Leisure Gap
Porter (2014) points out that there is a leisure imbalance between men and women that indicates the continued inequality between the sexes. However, as Codina and Pestana (2019) note, there are time differences in the way men and women experience leisure and in the way they think about the past, present and future. As a result, men and women tend to require different amounts of leisure to maintain a healthy frame of mind. Thus, Codina and Pestana (2019) argue that women actually need less leisure time than men because women tend to get more out of a little leisure time than men get out of a lot of leisure time. In other words, women are generally more efficient in the way they use their leisure time than men are, which allows them to be comfortable with less leisure time. Even if they had more time to……
References
References
Balish, S. M., Deaner, R. O., Rathwell, S., Rainham, D., & Blanchard, C. (2016). Gender equality predicts leisure-time physical activity: Benefits for both sexes across 34 countries. Cogent Psychology, 3(1), 1174183.
Codina, N., & Pestana, J. V. (2019). Time Matters Differently in Leisure Experience for Men and Women: Leisure Dedication and Time Perspective. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(14), 2513.
Dallmeyer, S., Wicker, P., & Breuer, C. (2017). How an aging society affects the economic costs of inactivity in Germany: empirical evidence and projections. European review of aging and physical activity, 14(1), 18.
Goldhill, O. (2018). Scientific research shows gender is not just a social construct. Retrieved from https://qz.com/1190996/scientific-research-shows-gender-is-not-just-a-social-construct/
Porter, J. (2014). The gender leisure gap: Why women are losing their time to just chill out. Retrieved from https://www.fastcompany.com/3034205/the-gender-leisure-gap-why-women-are-losing-their-time-to-just-chill-out
Vadum, M. (2020). Transgender Trailblazer Legally Reclaims Original Sex. Retrieved from https://www.theepochtimes.com/transgender-trailblazer-legally-reclaims-male-sex_3192279.html
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