Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Psychological Health
… anxiety (Hughes at al., 2016). There is a growing interest in health psychology in the application of these experimental techniques to evaluate possible cognitive processing prejudices in health conditions like chronic pain, irritable bowel syndrome, cancer, and chronic fatigue syndrome together with health behaviors like smoking, eating, … and management of depressive disorders, psychological interventions play a key role as an alternative treatment. Several treatments have been developed mainly founded on cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, or interpersonal approaches. According to one latest huge network meta-analysis involving 198 random trials conducted on patients suffering from depression, even … mental healthcare.
Two, the restricted figure, as well as the regional allocation of qualified experts, makes it challenging to offer personalized, face-to-face psychological therapy sessions to a broad population. Thus, there has been the development of several interventions whereby there is reduced contact time with the healthcare … It is important to understand……
References
References
Australian Psychological Society. (2010). Evidence?based psychological interventions in the treatment of mental disorders: A literature review. Victoria: Australian Psychological Association.
Barth, J., Munder, T., Gerger, H., Nüesch, E., Trelle, S., Znoj, H., ... & Cuijpers, P. (2016). Comparative efficacy of seven psychotherapeutic interventions for patients with depression: a network meta-analysis. Focus, 14(2), 229-243.
Castelnuovo, G. (2017). New and old adventures of clinical health psychology in the twenty-first century: standing on the shoulders of giants. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1214.
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive therapy and research, 36(5), 427-440.
Hughes, A. M., Gordon, R., Chalder, T., Hirsch, C. R., & Moss?Morris, R. (2016). Maximizing the potential impact of experimental research into cognitive processes in health psychology: A systematic approach to material development. British journal of health psychology, 21(4), 764-780.
Kirkham, J. G., Choi, N., & Seitz, D. P. (2016). Meta?analysis of problem solving therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder in older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(5), 526-535.
Lenz, A. S., Hall, J., & Bailey Smith, L. (2016). Meta-analysis of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for decreasing symptoms of acute depression. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 41(1), 44-70.
Linde, K., Rücker, G., Sigterman, K., Jamil, S., Meissner, K., Schneider, A., & Kriston, L. (2015). Comparative effectiveness of psychological treatments for depressive disorders in primary care: network meta-analysis. BMC family practice, 16(1), 103.
Study Document
Gestalt Theory
Abstract
Gestalt is a German word signifying a pattern or shape. The roots of Gestalt therapy can be traced to Max Wertheimer, who studied human perceptual illusions. Wertheimer’s research led to a holistic view of the human psyche that … view of the human psyche that provided a necessary counterpoint to the fragmented, reductionist, and structuralist views that prevailed in research psychology. Gestalt therapy emerged after blending the principles of Gestalt with the goals of psychotherapy. In particular, Gestalt therapists like Frederick “Fritz” Perls used the concept of a Gestalt to emphasize the importance of holism in psychotherapy. Humanism also became a cornerstone of Gestalt therapy, which promotes an “I/Thou” therapeutic relationship based on points of contact between individuals who are connected in an integrated social network. Group therapy and art therapy are also methods used in Gestalt psychology.
Although the phrase may seem out of vogue, Gestalt psychology underwrites……
References
References
Corey, G. (2016). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Levine, T. B. Y. (2012). Gestalt Therapy: Advances in Theory and Practice. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
Woldt, A. L., & Toman, S. M. (2005). Gestalt Therapy: History, Theory, and Practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Study Document
Depression Among Adolescents
… not feel like they have to be afraid to seek help.
Help should be provide in terms of social welfare policies like animal therapy being offered to teens to help them deal with their issues. This could be a public service, where……
References
References
Anderson, M. & Jiang, J. (2018). Teens, Social Media & Technology 2018. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/05/31/teens-social-media-technology-2018/
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130-136.
Chester, J., & Montgomery, K. (2008). No escape: Marketing to kids in the digital age. Multinational Monitor, 29(1), 11.
Greenberg, P. (2015). The Growing Economic Burden of Depression in the U.S. Retrieved from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/mind-guest-blog/the-growing-economic-burden-of-depression-in-the-u-s/
Grover, S., Raju, V. V., Sharma, A., & Shah, R. (2019). Depression in children and adolescents: a review of Indian studies. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 41(3), 216.
Korry, E. (2015). California Moves To Stop Misuse Of Psychiatric Meds In Foster Care. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/09/02/436350334/california-moves-to-stop-misuse-of-psychiatric-meds-in-foster-care
Lim, X. J., Radzol, A. M., Cheah, J., & Wong, M. W. (2017). The impact of social media influencers on purchase intention and the mediation effect of customer attitude. Asian Journal of Business Research, 7(2), 19-36.
Lohmann, R. (2019). What\\\\\\'s Driving the Rise in Teen Depression? Retrieved from https://health.usnews.com/wellness/for-parents/articles/2019-04-22/teen-depression-is-on-the-rise
Study Document
Schizophrenia
… the effect of the patient having a split personality (Maatz, Hoff & Angst, 2015). Treatments throughout the 20th century have ranged from electroshock therapy to the humanistic approach of Carl Rogers (Styliandis, 2016).
Today, the primary methods used to treat schizophrenia typically include a combination of pharmacological … typically include a combination of pharmacological and therapeutic approaches. Neuroleptics, mood stabilizers and anti-depressants may be used depending on the patient’s receptivity. Psychosocial therapy may also be used (Villeneuve, Potvin, Lesage & Nicole, 2010) or cognitive behavioral therapy. As Saks (2009) points out, schizophrenia is very treatable, but a patient will need a strong support system and a firm will to … all other mental problems (Ho et al., 2016).
Not knowing the cause of schizophrenia does not mean it cannot be treated effectively, however. cognitive behavioral therapy, for example, does not depend upon understanding the causes of a patient’s problems……
References
References
DSM. (2013). American Psychiatric Association. Retrieved from https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm
Dhindsa, R. S., & Goldstein, D. B. (2016). Schizophrenia: from genetics to physiology at last. Nature, 530(7589), 162.
Ho, R. T. H., Chan, C. K. P., Lo, P. H. Y., Wong, P. H., Chan, C. L. W., Leung, P. P. Y.,
& Chen, E. Y. H. (2016). Understandings of spirituality and its role in illness recovery in persons with schizophrenia and mental-health professionals: a qualitative study. BMC psychiatry, 16(1), 86.
Kinter, E. T. (2009). Identifying treatment preferences of patients with schizophrenia in Germany: An application of patient-centered care. The Johns Hopkins University.
Lee, H. S., Corbera, S., Poltorak, A., Park, K., Assaf, M., Bell, M. D., ... & Choi, K. H. (2018). Measuring theory of mind in schizophrenia research: Cross-cultural validation. Schizophrenia research, 201, 187-195.
Leucht, S., Cipriani, A., Spineli, L., Mavridis, D., Örey, D., Richter, F., Samara, M., Barbui, C., Engel, R.R., Geddes, J.R. and Kissling, W. (2013). Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 15 antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis. The Lancet, 382(9896), 951-962.
Maatz, A., Hoff, P., & Angst, J. (2015). Eugen Bleuler's schizophrenia—a modern perspective. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 17(1), 43.
Study Document
Separation Anxiety Disorder SAD
… SAD in an eight-year-old African-American female child, named Chloe, under foster care. The paper includes an annotated bibliography and an evidence-based model recommending cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the given case. The research question for this paper is: how effective is CBT in the treatment of SAD among preschool … SAD has an early onset, a favorable long-term prognosis, and high prevalence, the treatment of SAD in pediatric care settings remains significantly under-researched. cognitive Behavior Therapy is recommended as the best-suited intervention for the treatment of SAD (Ruocco, Gordon & McLean, 2016; Schneider et al., 2011). This paper is … selected mainly because of its ease of access and reliability. The search was conducted through the use of the keywords/phrases: “Social Anxiety Disorder,” cognitive Behavior Theory,” “clinical trial OR random allocation OR single-blind method.” The search results were further analyzed using the abstract, in order to ensure … English……
References
References
Minde, K., Roy, J., Bezonsky, R., & Hashemi, A. (2010). The effectiveness of CBT in 3–7 year old anxious children: Preliminary data. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 19(2), 109.
Ruocco, S., Gordon, J., & McLean, L. A. (2016). Effectiveness of a school-based early intervention CBT group programme for children with anxiety aged 5–7 years. Advances in School Mental Health Promotion, 9(1), 29-49.
Schneider, S., Blatter-Meunier, J., Herren, C., Adornetto, C., In-Albon, T., & Lavallee, K. (2011). Disorder-specific cognitive-behavioral therapy for separation anxiety disorder in young children: a randomized waiting-list-controlled trial. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 80(4), 206-215.
Van der Sluis, C. M. (2016). Anxiety disorders in young children: Parent and child contributions to the maintenance, assessment and treatment. (Ph.D. Thesis, University of Amsterdam).
Study Document
Impact Of Phobias
… the phobia is not easy to avoid, then the individual is likely to seek professional assistance to resolve the phobia. The prognosis with therapy has been found to be quite excellent for most types of phobias. The poor outcomes of therapy are mostly associated with poor compliance, understanding, or poor compliance or treatment procedures. There have been cases where interpersonal factors have interfered with … noted by Samson et al. (2011) that some complex phobias like agoraphobia have a less promising prognosis. The condition is most resistant to behavioral therapy and psychotherapy. This means that a person can undergo treatment and still continue having the same phobia. While the cases are few, the instances where ……
References
References
Campos, D., Mira, A., Bretón-López, J., Castilla, D., Botella, C., Baños, R. M., & Quero, S. (2018). The acceptability of an internet-based exposure treatment for flying phobia with and without therapist guidance: patients’ expectations, satisfaction, treatment preferences, and usability. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 14, 879.
Carleton, R. N., Thibodeau, M. A., Weeks, J. W., Teale Sapach, M. J. N., McEvoy, P. M., Horswill, S. C., & Heimberg, R. G. (2014). Comparing short forms of the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and the Social Phobia Scale. Psychological assessment, 26(4), 1116-1126. doi:10.1037/a0037063
Erceg-Hurn, D. M., & McEvoy, P. M. (2018). Bigger is better: Full-length versions of the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Social Phobia Scale outperform short forms at assessing treatment outcome. Psychological assessment, 30(11), 1512-1526. doi:10.1037/pas0000601
Goetter, E. M., Frumkin, M. R., Palitz, S. A., Swee, M. B., Baker, A. W., Bui, E., & Simon, N. M. (2018). Barriers to mental health treatment among individuals with social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Psychological Services, No Pagination Specified-No Pagination Specified. doi:10.1037/ser0000254
Halldorsdottir, T., & Ollendick, T. H. (2016). Long-term outcomes of brief, intensive CBT for specific phobias: The negative impact of ADHD symptoms. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 84(5), 465-471. doi:10.1037/ccp0000088
Hirsch, J. A. (2018). Integrating Hypnosis with Other Therapies for Treating Specific Phobias: A Case Series. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 60(4), 367-377.
Leitenberg, H., Agras, W. S., Barlow, D. H., & Oliveau, D. C. (1969). Contribution of selective positive reinforcement and therapeutic instructions to systematic desensitization therapy. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 74(1), 113-118. doi:10.1037/h0027063
Probst, T., Berger, T., Meyer, B., Späth, C., Schröder, J., Hohagen, F., . . . Klein, J. P. (2019). Social phobia moderates the outcome in the EVIDENT study: A randomized controlled trial on an Internet-based psychological intervention for mild to moderate depressive symptoms [Press release]
Study Document
Treatment Versus Punishment
… should be used for juvenile offenders, it is important to remember that juveniles are still developing into adults: their minds, bodies, impulses and cognitive processes are still in formation phases and they do not have the kind of control that one might expect or assume of an … that they face in the early stages of development. Treatment is what provides that helping hand. It can come in the form of therapy, mentoring, a Big Brother, a new family, rehabilitation, restorative justice, and so on.
Punishment is much different. It is what happens when a … will never reverse course and the collapse of society will only continue.
Types of Treatment
Types of treatment include: counseling, prevention programs, and cognitive behavioral therapy, education, and psychological therapy (National Institute of Justice, 2019). These types of treatment tend to promote rehabilitation and to assist the juvenile offender in growing into a……
References
References
Agnew, R. (2008). Strain Theory. In V. Parrillo (Ed.), Encyclopedia of social problems. (pp. 904-906). Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
Cramer, M. (2014). Parole Board releases 2nd man convicted of murder as juvenile. Retrieved from https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2014/08/06/parole-board-releases-man-convicted-murder-while-juvenile/REwVVe3aR9leuRVMpZsN6O/story.html
Diskin, M. (2018). New law will put limits. Retrieved from https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/local/2018/10/11/new-california-law-means-teen-suspect-oxnard-murders-cannot-tried-adult/1535518002/
Fritz, J. K. (2015). Diverting young offenders from prison is ‘smart justice.’ Education Digest, 81(2), 53-55.
Jannetta, J., & Okeke, C. (2017). Strategies for Reducing Criminal and Juvenile Justice Involvement. Building Ladders of Opportunity for Young People in the Great Lakes States, brief, 4. Retrieved from https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/94516/strategies-for-reducing-criminal-and-juvenile-justice-involvement_2.pdf
Johnson, T., Quintana, E., Kelly, D. A., Graves, C., Schub, O., Newman, P., & Casas, C. (2015). Restorative Justice Hubs Concept Paper. Revista de Mediación, 8(2), 2340-9754.
McCarthy, P., Schiraldi, V., & Shark, M. (2016). The future of youth justice: A community-based alternative to the youth prison model. US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice.
Meli, L. (2014). Hate Crime and Punishment: Why Typical Punishment Does Not Fit the Crime. U. Ill. L. Rev., 921.
Study Document
Intake Information For Mental Health
… should cause the patient medically considerable impairment or distress in occupational, social, or…[break]…patient-centered. The definition of clinical reasoning is that it is a cognitive process utilized to assess and manage medical problems. The process is based on dual process theory, a theory which is widely utilized in … at the same time regarding one’s own behavior to be a result of situational or external factors e.g. stress. Studies have shown that cognitive beliefs among observers could be their motivation for mindless use of diagnosis criteria especially among mental health professionals. Therefore, the argument is that … strategies that may help them make better judgments or decisions (Khoury, Langer & Pagnini, 2014). Mindlessly focusing on the past can seriously compromise therapy or result in misdiagnosis or mistreatment. In conclusion, the criteria is a mindless way of categorizing conditions and it encourages mindless use of ……
References
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. BMC Med, 17, 133-137.
Buntrock, C., Ebert, D. D., Lehr, D., Smit, F., Riper, H., Berking, M., & Cuijpers, P. (2016). Effect of a web-based guided self-help intervention for prevention of major depression in adults with subthreshold depression: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 315(17), 1854-1863.
Davaasambuu, S., Aira, T., Hamid, P., Wainberg, M., & Witte, S. (2017). Risk and resilience factors for depression and suicidal ideation in Mongolian college students. Mental health & prevention, 5, 33.
Gilbert, P. (2016). Depression: The evolution of powerlessness. Routledge.
Hammen, C. (2018). Risk factors for depression: An autobiographical review. Annual review of clinical psychology, 14, 1-28.
Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. Macmillan.
Khoury, B., Langer, E. J., & Pagnini, F. (2014). The DSM: mindful science or mindless power? A critical review. Frontiers in psychology, 5, 602.
MacGill, M. (2017). What is depression and what can I do about it? Medical News Today. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/kc/depression-causes-symptoms-treatments-8933.
Study Document
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
...Cognitive behavioral therapy Obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCDs) is a term that refers to anxiety disorders that are characterized by uncontrollable obsessions and compulsions. The condition is a chronic, long-lasting disorder in which the individual has recurring thoughts and behaviors. The obsessive and compulsive symptoms can affect all aspects of a person’s life including personal relationships, school and work. There are various kinds of obsessive-compulsive disorders with different signs and symptoms as well as treatment approaches. This paper discusses treatment recommendations for an adult patient suffering from Body Dysmorphic Disorder. The discussion includes analysis of medical management, community resources and follow-up plans for the patient’s condition.
HPI and Clinical Impression for the Client
Jane is a 38-year old individual diagnosed with Body Dysmorphic Disorder, which is an obsessive-compulsive disorder characterized by recurring thoughts regarding perceived flaws or defects in appearance (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2016). Jane developed this condition following a history of body shaming by……
References
References
Ahmed et al. (2019, October 3). Body Dysmorphic Disorder Treatment & Management. Retrieved October 10, 2019, from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291182-treatment#d12
Harris, P.M. & Drummond, L.M. (2016, October). Compliance of Community Teams with Specialist Service Recommendations for Obsessive-Compulsive and Body Dysmorphic Disorders. BJPsych Bulletin, 40(5), 245-248.
Mayo Clinic Staff. (2016, April 28). Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Retrieved October 10, 2019, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/body-dysmorphic-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353944
Phillips, K.A. & Hollander, E. (2008, March). Treating Body Dysmorphic Disorder with Medication: Evidence, Misconceptions, and a Suggested Approach. Body Image, 5(1), 13-27.
Phillips, K.A. (2006, July). The Presentation of Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Medical Settings. Primary Psychiatry, 13(7), 51-59.
Study Document
Trauma Of Sexual Assault
… the psychological impact of sexual assault is such that it can deeply scar an individual. Ward categorizes the impact in three ways: psychological, behavioral and interpersonal: psychological maladjustment issues include “anxiety, withdrawal, restlessness, tension, insecurity and emotional instability,” while behavioral issues include lying, substance abuse, inability to hold a job, and interpersonal issues include “ambivalence toward family members and fear of men” (p. … bad or immoral person. Once this trauma has been addressed in this way, the CBT could begin again with a new set of behavioral goals identified that will allow Suzy to avoid triggers or to address them in a positive manner that will prevent her from turning ……
References
References
Billette, V., Guay, S., & Marchand, A. (2008). Posttraumatic stress disorder and social support in female victims of sexual assault: The impact of spousal involvement on the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy. Behavior modification, 32(6), 876-896.
Elliott, D. E., Bjelajac, P., Fallot, R. D., Markoff, L. S., & Reed, B. G. (2005). Trauma?informed or trauma?denied: principles and implementation of trauma?informed services for women. Journal of community psychology, 33(4), 461-477.
Ward, C. (1988). The psychological impact of sexual assault: case studies of adolescent victims. Singapore medical journal, 29(6), 619-623.
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