Political Ideology Essays (Examples)
Study Document
The Rise Of The Opium Trade In Afghanistan Following The US Invasion
… that it lacked objectivity and realism (Taddeo, 2010). The mission calculus was unclear, the operation involved lacking in all the variables of iSTART (ideology, strategy, tactics, accounting/financing, recruitment, targets). What was the aim of the counterterrorism operation in Afghanistan? Numerous negative consequences of the mission followed: the … been an extended, largely ineffective and costly war without end.
The iSTART Framework
The iSTART framework provides six principles for effective counterterrorism strategies. ideology focuses on providing legitimacy for the counterterrorism operation by showing that there is a marginalized, oppressed or defenseless population that needs assistance. The … on the whole picture, from moving the cause along with implementable action items to mobilizing members to advance that action and promote the ideology that supports it. Tactics refers to the development of a spirit of mission where a command-and-control structure is in place, with discipline and … to provide support for members……
References
References
Almukhtar, S. & Nordland, R. (2019). What Did the U.S. Get for $2 Trillion in Afghanistan? Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/12/09/world/middleeast/afghanistan-war-cost.html
Barno, D. (2007). The Other War: Counterinsurgency Strategy in Afghanistan 2003– 20. Military Review, 87(5), 32–44.
Barton, G. (2016). Out of the ashes of Afghanistan and Iraq: the rise and rise of Islamic State. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/out-of-the-ashes-of-afghanistan-and-iraq-the-rise-and-rise-of-islamic-state-55437
Felbab-Brown, V. (2017). Afghanistan’s opium production is through the roof—why Washington shouldn’t overreact. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2017/11/21/afghanistans-opium-production-is-through-the-roof-why-washington-shouldnt-overreact/
FM 3-24. (2014). Retrieved from https://fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm3-24.pdf
Hitz, F. P. (1999). Obscuring Propriety: The CIA and Drugs. International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 12(4), 448-462.
IrishTimes. (2001). Britain freezes £61m of suspected Taliban assets. Retrieved from https://www.irishtimes.com/news/britain-freezes-61m-of-suspected-taliban-assets-1.398565
Kiras, J. D. (2002). Terrorism and Irregular Warfare, in John Baylis, James Wirtz, Eliot Cohen and Colin Gray eds., Strategy in the Contemporary World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), 208–232.
Study Document
Terrorist Group IRA
… and that people from these groups who become “extremists” and take to terrorism are really simply adhering body, mind and soul to the ideology of their religion. But how true is this criticism? Is it possible that in every Muslim or Catholic there exists a potential jihadist … the oppression of Catholics and Catholic interests in the North (Bamford, 2005).
The purpose of this study is to understand the intersection of ideology, nationalism and environment with regard to why the IRA formed and what the group sought to do, operating in an underground terroristic fashion … purpose of this literature review was to identify the main themes relating to this subject and to situate them without the context of ideology, nationalism and environment. Books, scholarly articles, and primary sources were accessed using Google Scholar and keyword searches related to IRA, counter-terrorism, and the … articles, and primary sources were……
References
References
Bamford, B. (2005). The Role and Effectiveness of Intelligence in Northern Ireland. Intelligence and National Security, 20(4), 581-607.
Bell, J. B. (2008). The Secret Army: The IRA. London: Transaction Publishers.
IRA Green Book. (1977). Accessed 14 Dec 2015 from https://tensmiths.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/15914572-ira-green-book-volumes-1-and-2.pdf
Maloney, E. (2010). Voices from the Grave: Two Men’s War in Ireland. NY: Faber, Faber.
O’Brien, B. (1999). The Long War: The IRA and Sinn Fein. NY: Syracuse University Press.
Rooney, N. (2007). Violent nationalism in catholic communities: The Provisional IRA and ETA. Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, 7(3), 64-77.
Shanahan, Timothy. (2008). The Provisional IRA and the Morality of Terrorism. UK: Edinburgh University Press.
Taylor, P. (2001). Brits. UK: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Study Document
History Of Bilingual Education
… Texas, and the French language in Louisiana). The toleration and use of several languages for education and interaction suggest a wide linguistic pluralism ideology in this era (Ovando, 2003). Keeping in mind the variations and interactions of the different languages, one sees a rich and vibrant culture … a rich and vibrant culture of bilingual education that seems unique to the United States.
One of the driving forces of this pluralistic ideology was the influx of migrants into the United States, most of whom had different demographics, came from different backgrounds and spoke different languages. … language cropped up in response to the huge inflow of migrants from European countries that didn't speak English. The growth of this linguistic ideology was accompanied by novel restrictive migration policies and compulsory free education in the nation. One of the key goals of these novel \"common\" … schools was: \"Americanization\" of students……
References
References
Banks, J. A. (1995). Multicultural Education: Its Effects on Students\\\\\\\\\\\\' Racial and Gender Role Attitudes. Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education (pp. 617-627). New York: Macmillan.
Gándara, P., & Escamilla, K. (2017). Bilingual education in the United States. Bilingual and multilingual education, 1-14.
Ovando, C. J. (2003). Bilingual education in the United States: Historical development and current issues. Bilingual research journal, 27(1), 1-24.
Saravia-Shore, M., & Arvizu, S. F. (2017). Cross-cultural literacy: An anthropological approach to dealing with diversity. In Cross-cultural Literacy (pp. xv-xxxviii). Routledge.
Wei, L. (2013). Integration of Multicultural Education into English Teaching and Learning: A Case Study in Liaoning Police Academy. Theory & Practice in Language Studies, 3(4).
Study Document
The Hollywood Blacklist Dalton Trumbo And Spartacus
… that the Soviets had infiltrated American society, the list grew to include others in other spheres—including Hollywood, where writers suspected of propagating Communist ideology and subtly inserting it into American films came under scrutiny. The Hollywood Blacklist actually began in the latter half of the 1940s but … total control over American intelligence, labeling people as Communist was a way to get control over them. Joseph McCarthy was useful to Hoover political because he fueled the idea of a Red Menace.
In the first half of the 20th century in the US, Communists were essentially … Hollywood writers were charged with Communist subversion, were a way for McCarthy to drum up support for his crusade and thus for his political future.[footnoteRef:6] [5: Robert Griffith, McCarthyism: The Politics of Fear: Joseph R. McCarthy and the Senate (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1987), 28.] [6: … of Kentucky, 2015), 411.]
Part……
References
Bibliography
Ceplair, Larry and Christopher Trumbo. Dalton Trumbo: Blacklisted Hollywood Radical. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 2015.
Griffith, Robert. McCarthyism: The Politics of Fear: Joseph R. McCarthy and the Senate. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1987.
Krutnik, Frank. “Un-American” Hollywood: Politics and Film in the Blacklist Era. New Brunswick N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2007.
McGilligan, Patrick and Paul Buhle. Tender Comrades: A Backstory of the Hollywood Blacklist. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012.
Schrecker, Ellen. The Age of McCarthyism: A Brief History with Documents. Boston: St. Martin’s Press, 1994.
Schrecker, Ellen. Many are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998.
Smith, Jeff. Criticism, the Cold War, and the Blacklist: Reading the Hollywood Reds. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2014.
Study Document
How Media Perpetuate Racism
… as Aldridge points out: “since the early years of Hip Hop, SPC hip hoppers have continued to espouse many of the ideas and ideology of the Civil Rights Movement and Black Freedom Struggle, but in a language that resonates with many black youth of the postindustrial and … actually want to point out the role of media and government in facilitating and perpetuating racist ideologies. Kanye West has pointed out the ideology that can be traced……
References
Works Cited
Adorno, Theodor and M. Horkheimer. The culture industry: Enlightenment as mass deception. Stardom and celebrity: A reader, 34, 2007.
Aldrige, Derick. “From Civil Rights to Hip Hop: Toward a Nexus of Ideas.” http://www.thehiphopproject.org/site/pdfs/hhp_civilRights.pdf
Blair, Elizabeth. “The Strange Story of the Man behind Strange Fruit.” NPR. http://www.npr.org/2012/09/05/158933012/the-strange-story-of-the-man-behind-strange-fruit
Cashmore, Ellis. The Black culture industry. Routledge, 2006.
Collins, Patricia Hill. "New commodities, new consumers: Selling blackness in a global marketplace." Ethnicities 6.3 (2006): 297-317.
Davis, Angela. The Meaning of Freedom. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, 2012.
Guy, Talmadge C. "Gangsta rap and adult education." New directions for adult and continuing education 2004.101 (2004): 43-57.
Heaggans, Raphael C. "When the oppressed becomes the oppressor: Willie Lynch and the politics of race and racism in hip-hop music." West Virginia University Philological Papers 50 (2003): 77-81.
Study Document
Social Work Policy For Sex Trafficking
… of Ethics champions for the promotion of social justice. This is the perspective that every individual is deserving of equality in terms of political, social, and economic rights, liberties, and opportunities (Reamer, 2006). This is one of the major strong suits of the social policy as it ……
References
References
Alliance to End Slavery and Trafficking. (2017). Summary of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) and Reauthorizations FY 2017. Retrieved from: https://endslaveryandtrafficking.org/summary-trafficking-victims-protection-act-tvpa-reauthorizations-fy-2017-2/
Benoit, C., Smith, M., Jansson, M., Healey, P., & Magnuson, D. (2019). “The prostitution problem”: Claims, evidence, and policy outcomes. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48(7), 1905-1923.
Brooks, A., & Heaslip, V. (2019). Sex trafficking and sex tourism in a globalized world. Tourism Review of AIEST - International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism, 74(5), 1104-1115. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TR-02-2017-001
Bruckert, C., & Parent, C. (2002). Trafficking in human beings and organized crime: A literature review (pp. 1-35).
Clawson, H. J., Dutch, N., Solomon, A., & Grace, L. G. (2009). Human trafficking into and within the United States: A review of the literature. Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, US Department of Human and Health Services. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
Greenbaum, V. J. (2017). Child sex trafficking in the United States: Challenges for the healthcare provider. PLoS medicine, 14(11).
International Labour Organization. (2017). Global Estimates of Modern Slavery. Retrieved from: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_575479.pdf
Kelly, C. (July 30, 2019). 13 sex trafficking statistics that explain the enormity of the global sex trade. USA Today. Retrieved from: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/investigations/2019/07/29/12-trafficking-statistics-enormity-global-sex-trade/1755192001/
Study Document
John Lewis Gaddis
… among his students.[footnoteRef:3] One of the reasons he attracted so many students was his approach to the topic: he avoided the trap of political polarization that other professors fell victim to. Instead he chose to view the Cold War the way a contrarian investor views the equities ……
References
Bibliography
Alpha History, “Cold War Historiography.” https://alphahistory.com/coldwar/cold-war-historiography/
Branch, Mark Alden. “Days of Duck and Cover,” Yale Alumni Magazine, 2000. http://archives.yalealumnimagazine.com/issues/00_03/gaddis.html
Encyclopedia. “John Lewis Gaddis,” 2020. https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/gaddis-john-lewis-1941
Gaddis, John Lewis. We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History. Oxford University Press, 1997.
Kaplan, Fred. “America’s Cold War Sage and His Discontents,” NYTimes, 2007. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/23/books/george-f-kennan-by-john-lewis-gaddis-review.html
Lundestad, Geir. "The Cold War According to John Gaddis." Cold War History 6, no. 4 (2006): 535-542.
National Endowment for the Humanities. “John Lewis Gaddis,” 2005. https://www.neh.gov/about/awards/national-humanities-medals/john-lewis-gaddis
Paxton, Robert. Anatomy of Fascism. New York: Vintage, 2012.
Study Document
Traditional Medicine Usage In African Nations
… Structural, dramaturgic and institutional factors in formal institutionalization in Africa of health care has come about as a result of investment, development, and political stability (Ratcliffe, 2013). The relationship among cultural traditions, laws of society, and the symbolic boundaries have served to create the structural meanings behind … growing out of customary and traditional groups, who believed their traditional way of life could be facilitated by such figures’ success in the political realm. Rather, their stories were promulgated and exalted by other members of the burgeoning political class—the African activists and politicians emerging to fill a void in leadership at the governmental level as the era of colonization crashed into … post-colonial and post-conflict narrative has been written by individuals who have succeeded in rising to the top: the narrative is a type of political propaganda.
Nigeria is one nation in Africa that has benefited extensively from investment and……
References
References
Afro-centric Alliance, A. (2001). Indigenisingorganizational change: Localisation in Tanzania and Malawi. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16(1), 59-78.
Asiseh, F., Owusu, A., & Quaicoe, O. (2017). An analysis of family dynamics on high school adolescent risky behaviors in Ghana. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 26(5), 425-431.
Austin, G. (2010). African economic development and colonial legacies (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 11-32). Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement.
Brager, G., Specht, H., Torczyner, J. L., &Torczyner, J. (1987). Community organizing. Columbia University Press.
Bratton, M., & Van de Walle, N. (1997). Democratic experiments in Africa: Regime transitions in comparative perspective. Cambridge university press.
Burnham, G. M., Pariyo, G., Galiwango, E., & Wabwire-Mangen, F. (2004). Discontinuation of cost sharing in Uganda. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82, 187-195.
Dillard, C., Duncan, K. L., & Johnson, L. (2017). Black History Full Circle: Lessons from a Ghana Study Abroad in Education Program. Social Education, 81(1), 50-53.
Ehui, S. (2020). Protecting food security in Africa. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2020/05/14/protecting-food-security-in-africa-during-covid-19/
Study Document
How Men And Women Experience Leisure Differently
… for men and for women. If one is trying to politicize the issue and turn it into a matter of equality from a political point of view, one is likely to be missing the point that Codina and Pestana (2019) make: men and women have different make-ups … negative outcomes for society. Rather than fretting about a gender leisure gap it would be better if society set aside its obsession with political correctness and focused more on how the genders can……
References
References
Balish, S. M., Deaner, R. O., Rathwell, S., Rainham, D., & Blanchard, C. (2016). Gender equality predicts leisure-time physical activity: Benefits for both sexes across 34 countries. Cogent Psychology, 3(1), 1174183.
Codina, N., & Pestana, J. V. (2019). Time Matters Differently in Leisure Experience for Men and Women: Leisure Dedication and Time Perspective. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(14), 2513.
Dallmeyer, S., Wicker, P., & Breuer, C. (2017). How an aging society affects the economic costs of inactivity in Germany: empirical evidence and projections. European review of aging and physical activity, 14(1), 18.
Goldhill, O. (2018). Scientific research shows gender is not just a social construct. Retrieved from https://qz.com/1190996/scientific-research-shows-gender-is-not-just-a-social-construct/
Porter, J. (2014). The gender leisure gap: Why women are losing their time to just chill out. Retrieved from https://www.fastcompany.com/3034205/the-gender-leisure-gap-why-women-are-losing-their-time-to-just-chill-out
Vadum, M. (2020). Transgender Trailblazer Legally Reclaims Original Sex. Retrieved from https://www.theepochtimes.com/transgender-trailblazer-legally-reclaims-male-sex_3192279.html
Study Document
Effectiveness Of The War On Drugs
… the global commodities market for centuries, with the most infamous being opium and tobacco: both of which became so lucrative they led to political and military skirmishes. Government intervention in the drug trade is a new phenomenon, traceable to the Opium Wars first and then to the … entwined with non-state actors including terrorist organizations and other organized crime syndicates worldwide. Perpetuating the War on Drugs has become fundamental to the political and economic stability of nations around the world, which is why drug policy reform proves particularly thorny in spite of the fact that … literature include the deleterious effect of the War on Drugs on racial disparities including income disparity, criminal justice disparity, and also healthcare and political status disparities. Other themes include a loud and substantial cry from the healthcare industries, calling for the decriminalization of drugs and addiction in … of the drug trade, and……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition
“America is At War,” (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://web.stanford.edu/class/e297c/poverty_prejudice/paradox/htele.html
Bambauer, J. Y. (2012). How the war on drugs distorts privacy law. Stanford Law Review 62(2012). Retrieved from: https://www.stanfordlawreview.org/online/how-the-war-on-drugs-distorts-privacy-law/
Benson, B.L., Kim., I., Rasmussen, D.W., et al. (1992, 2006). Is property crime caused by drug use or by drug enforcement policy? Applied Economics 24(7): 679-692.
Best, D., Irving, J. & Albertson, K. (2016). Recovery and desistance: what the emerging recovery movement in the alcohol and drug area can learn from models of desistance from offending. Addiction Research & Theory 25(1): 1-10.
Coomber, R., Moyle, L., Belackova, V., et al. (2018). The burgeoning recognition and accommodation of the social supply of drugs in international criminal justice systems: An eleven-nation comparative overview. International Journal of Drug Policy 58(2018): 98-103.
Coyne, C.J. & Hall, A. R. (2017). Four decades and counting. CATO Institute. Retrieved from: https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/four-decades-counting-continued-failure-war-drugs
Farabee, D., Prendergast, M. & Anglin, M.D. (1998). The effectiveness of coerced treatment for drug-abusing offenders. 62 Fed. Probation 3 (1998).
Improve your studying and writing skills
We have over 150,000+ study documents to help you.
Sign Up for FREE
