Cocaine Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Pablo Escobar
… 1).
In the early 1970s, Colombia was a hub in the cannabis trade, but had yet to establish itself as ground zero for cocaine.…[break]…resort, going on killing sprees that resulted in a dramatic shift in how the public perceived him. Escobar went from being the Robin Hood … police.
Escobar left a colorful and controversial legacy in Colombia. Oddly enough, his death did not result in the total dismantling of the cocaine trade and the data actually reveals the opposite. In the years following Escobar’s death, production of cocaine increased by a rate of 143% (Kenney 188). Moreover, Medellin has experienced a cultural revival since Escobar’s death and the downfall of his ……
References
Works Cited
Kenney, Michael. “From Pablo to Osama: Counter-terrorism Lessons from the War on Drugs.” (2003). Survival, 45(3), 187–206. doi:10.1080/00396338.2003.9688585
“Pablo Escobar Biography.” Biography.com. Accessed 4 Dec, 2019 from https://www.biography.com/crime-figure/pablo-escobar
“Pablo Escobar Crime Files.” Crime and Investigation. Accessed 4 Dec, 2019 from https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/crime-files/pablo-escobar
Pobutsky, Aldona Bialowas. “Peddling Pablo: Escobar\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Cultural Renaissance.” Hispania, Vol. 96, No. 4, Dec 2013, pp. 684-689.
Thompson, D. P. (1996). Pablo Escobar, Drug Baron: His surrender, imprisonment, and escape. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 19(1), 1996: 55–91. doi:10.1080/10576109608435996
Study Document
Violent Crime Control And Law Enforcement Act Of 1994
… rates grew steadily and sharply right from the ‘60s to the middle of ’70s decade; this corresponds with the growth in utilization of crack cocaine and heroin in the nation. The former drug was quick to become inner-city gangsters’ choice of drug for trading owing to its inexpensive … the 70s; the federal drug war and related laws were enacted in the next decade, with the punishment for usage and distribution of crack cocaine increased (The Establishment, 2016).
Nevertheless, despite these confusing details, one can draw a few potential correlations and theorize causations. The crime bill of … Conclusions may be drawn regarding the difference of strategy from racial differences of individuals mainly impacted by addiction to heroin, as opposed to crack cocaine.
Lastly, clearly, the huge rise in new prison financing is,……
References
References
Raymond Derrial Madden, Petitioner-appellant, v. United States of America, Respondent-appellee, 64 F.3d 669 (10th Cir. 1995)
Sepulveda v. United States, 69 F. Supp. 2d 633 (D.N.J. 1999)
United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Joanne Kwi Ye Estes, Defendant-appellant, 166 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 1998)
United States v. Madden, No. 92-6206 (10th Cir. Apr. 20, 1993), WL 332262 Books and article
Moore, R. (2017). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. Macat Library.
United States Congress. (1994). Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Public law, (103-322).
Websites
The Establishment. (2016, April 12). About That Controversial 1994 Crime Bill. A Medium Corporation. Retrieved from https://medium.com/the-establishment/about-that-controversial-1994-crime-bill-c17ccfcc25fa
Study Document
Effectiveness Of The War On Drugs
… categorizing and disciplining drug use among Whites,” not altogether dissimilar from the racial tensions that emerged when different penalties were given to crack cocaine offenses versus powder cocaine (p. 217). The opioid epidemic reflects the inability of the war on drugs to tackle the root problem of addiction, while perpetuating the ……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
War On Drugs
… If drugs were legal, then recreational drug users would have no fear of fentanyl and other potentially deadly substances contaminating their supply. Legalized cocaine would empower Andean farmers to make a living wage without fear for their lives, just as legalized opium might enable the regrowth of ……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
Marijuana Is An Addictive Drug
… feelings of happiness, mild hallucinations, reduced anxiety, and increased appetite. The risk of overdosing on marijuana is low when compared to that of cocaine. Marijuana is also used for the treatment of chronic pain, anorexia, nausea, muscle spasticity, and sleep disturbances and in this case, it is ……
References
References
Ford, Benjamin M, et al. \\\\\\"Synthetic Pot: Not Your Grandfather’s Marijuana.\\\\\\" Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 38.3 (2017): 257-76. Print.
Hefner, Kathryn R, Mark J Starr, and John J Curtin. \\\\\\"Altered Subjective Reward Valuation among Drug-Deprived Heavy Marijuana Users: Aversion to Uncertainty.\\\\\\" Journal of abnormal psychology 125.1 (2016): 138. Print.
Miller, NS, T Oberbarnscheidt, and MS Gold. \\\\\\"Marijuana Addictive Disorders: Dsm-5 Substance-Related Disorders.\\\\\\" J Addict Res Ther S 11 (2017): 2. Print.
Uhl, George R, George F Koob, and Jennifer Cable. \\\\\\"The Neurobiology of Addiction.\\\\\\" Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1451.1 (2019): 5. Print.
Wong, Su-Wei, and Hsien-Chang Lin. \\\\\\"Medical Marijuana Legalization and Associated Illicit Drug Use and Prescription Medication Misuse among Adolescents in the Us.\\\\\\" Addictive behaviors 90 (2019): 48-54. Print.
Study Document
Transgender The Behaviors Acts And Transitions
… is on balance with sexual anatomy. Statistics indicate that for transgender people, the level of substance abuse, including opioids, alcohol, methamphetamine, cannabis, and cocaine, are approximately 4 to 10 times greater (Nuttbrock et al., 2014). The use of alcohol as well as other kinds of drugs amongst … prejudice, and violence experienced by trans people in all facets of society, their level of substance abuse, including opioids, alcohol, methamphetamine, cannabis, and cocaine, are significantly higher compared to cisgender people.
The transition process is significantly challenging for numerous trans people. They experience severe marginalization, societal prejudices, ……
References
References
Bockting, W. O., Miner, M. H., Swinburne Romine, R. E., Hamilton, A., & Coleman, E. (2013). Stigma, mental health, and resilience in an online sample of the US transgender population. American journal of public health, 103(5), 943-951.
Bockting, W., Coleman, E., Deutsch, M. B., Guillamon, A., Meyer, I., Meyer III, W., ... & Ettner, R. (2016). Adult development and quality of life of transgender and gender-nonconforming people. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 23(2), 188.
Catelan, R. F., Costa, A. B., & Lisboa, C. S. D. M. (2017). Psychological interventions for transgender persons: a scoping review. International Journal of Sexual Health, 29(4), 325-337.
Divan, V., Cortez, C., Smelyanskaya, M., & Keatley, J. (2016). Transgender social inclusion and equality: a pivotal path to development. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 19, 20803.
Drydakis, N. (2020). Trans People, Transitioning, Mental Health, Life, and Job Satisfaction. Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, 1-22.
Glynn, T. R., & van den Berg, J. J. (2017). A systematic review of interventions to reduce problematic substance use among transgender individuals: A call to action. Transgender Health, 2(1), 45-59.
Grossman, A. H., Haney, A. P., Edwards, P., Alessi, E. J., Ardon, M., & Howell, T. J. (2009). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth talk about experiencing and coping with school violence: A qualitative study. Journal of LGBT Youth, 6(1), 24-46.
Jellestad, L., Jäggi, T., Corbisiero, S., Schaefer, D. J., Jenewein, J., Schneeberger, A., ... & Garcia Nuñez, D. (2018). Quality of life in transitioned trans persons: a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study. BioMed research international, 2018.
Study Document
Positive And Negative Effects Athletic Performance And Caffeine
...Cocaine Positive and Negative Effects of Caffeine on Athletic Performance
Introduction
Caffeine is an alkaloid as well as a natural intoxicant that is prevalent in coffee, tea, as well as cacao. In the contemporary setting, caffeine is the most extensively consumed psychoactive drug across the globe, enabling an individual to continue being attentive and precluding the onset of fatigue. In recent times, caffeine has become the prevalent supplement for numerous athletes. As a result of its positive impacts on exercise performance, a number of athletic organizations such as the National Collegiate Athletic Association have even began to proscribe caffeine in high doses. According to Mishra (2018), the United States Olympic Committee has reported that there are numerous positive impacts of caffeine use for athletes. These comprise of increased endurance during workout performance, team sports, as well as for short duration sports. In contrast, there are parties that believe caffeine has a……
References
References
Anthony, G. (2019). Positive and negative effects of caffeine on athletes. Align Thoughts. Retrieved from: https://www.alignthoughts.com/positive-and-negative-effects-of-caffeine-on-athletes/
Dunford, M., & Doyle, J. A. (2011). Nutrition for sport and exercise. Cengage Learning.
Evolution Nutrition. (2015). How Caffeine Affects Athletic Performance. Retrieved from: https://www.acefitness.org/education-and-resources/professional/expert-articles/5407/how-caffeine-affects-athletic-performance/
Jenkinson, D. M., & Harbert, A. J. (2008). Supplements and sports. American family physician, 78(9), 1039-1046.
Letter, W. (1995). The New Wellness Encyclopedia. University of California at Berkeley.
Mattioli, A. V., Sisca, G., & Farinetti, A. (2019). Potential negative effects of caffeine in athletes. Progress in Nutrition, 21(1), 241-242.
McDaniel, L. W., McIntire, K., Streitz, C., Jackson, A., & Gaudet, L. (2010). The effects of caffeine on athletic performance. College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS), 6(1), 33-38.
Mishra, D. (2018). Caffeine For Athletic Performance: Good Or Avoid? Sideline Sports. Retrieved from: https://www.sidelinesportsdoc.com/caffeine-for-athletic-performance-good-or-avoid/
Study Document
Private Security And Law
… mall. The guards pinned him down, handcuffed him, and searched his pockets where they found a pill bottle with approximately four grams of cocaine. At the suppression hearing, the District Court suppressed Santiago’s cocaine and his inculpatory statements, which was later upheld by the Court of Appeals on the premise that security guards were state actors subjected ……
References
References
FindLaw. (2010). State of New Mexico, Plaintiff-Petitioner, v. Luis SANTIAGO, Defendant-Respondent. Retrieved March 24, 2019, from https://caselaw.findlaw.com/nm-supreme-court/1001193.html
Reid, B. (2017, April 14). A Legal Overview of Section 1983 Civil Rights Litigation. The Huffington Post. Retrieved March 24, 2019, from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/a-legal-overview-of-section-1983-civil-rights-litigation_us_58f0e17ee4b048372700d793
Wakefield, J. (2018, April 19). As Alberta’s Private Security Industry Surges, What Happens When Guards Behave Badly? Edmonton Journal. Retrieved March 24, 2019, from https://edmontonjournal.com/news/crime/as-albertas-private-security-industry-surges-what-happens-when-guards-behave-badly
Yee, M. (2018, June 24). Security Guard Liability. Retrieved March 24, 2019, from https://www.legalmatch.com/law-library/article/security-guard-liability.html
Study Document
Sexual Addiction And Treatment
...Cocaine Case Study Assessment
Chemical Use Assessment/History and Treatment Recommendations
Name: Alan
DOB/Age: 42
Dates of Interviews: July 10-15, 2019
Evaluator: X
Reason for Assessment
Alan is addicted to pornography and masturbation and wants to stop looking at pornography while alone. He has been “hooked” since the age of 14 but has never come close to expiring the same feeling he had when he looked at porn for the first time. He wants to stop his addiction because he feels it is hurting his marriage and he does not want to lose his wife, who knows about his one infidelity as well as his addiction and worries that he might stray again. He has already been divorced once and has a son who does not live with him. Clearly he wants to break free of his addiction but does not know how to do it.
Sources of Information
Alan is the……
References
References
Brand, M., Snagowski, J., Laier, C., & Maderwald, S. (2016). Ventral striatum activity when watching preferred pornographic pictures is correlated with symptoms of Internet pornography addiction. Neuroimage, 129, 224-232.
Doweiko, H. E. (2015). Concepts of chemical dependency (9th ed.). Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning.
Gilbert, D. (2014). The Novena to St. Boniface of Tarsus: A Pastoral Program for Addressing Sexual Addiction in Colonial Mexico. Catholic Social Science Review, 19: 87-109.
Laaser, M. (2004). Healing the wounds of sexual addiction. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.
Manley, G., & Koehler, J. (2001). Sexual behavior disorders: Proposed new classification in the DSM-V. Sexual Addiction &Compulsivity: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention, 8(3-4), 253-265.
McKeague, E. L. (2014). Differentiating the female sex addict: A literature review focused on themes of gender difference used to inform recommendations for treating women with sex addiction. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 21(3), 203-224.
Park, B., Wilson, G., Berger, J., Christman, M., Reina, B., Bishop, F., ... & Doan, A. (2016). Is Internet pornography causing sexual dysfunctions? A review with clinical reports. Behavioral Sciences, 6(3), 17.
Young, K., Pistner, M.,O’Mara, J., & Buchanan, J. (2009). Cyber disorders: the mental health concern for the new millennium. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 2(5), 475-479.
Study Document
Race And Incarceration Rates
...Cocaine Introduction
Race has always been a cultural factor in the U.S. and it is certainly a factor in today’s criminal justice system. James (2018:30) has shown that current “research on police officers has found that they tend to associate African Americans with threat” (30). A significantly higher percentage of the African American population is incarcerated than any other population in the U.S. And, worse, as Lopez (2018) points out, “Black people accounted for 31 percent of police killing victims in 2012, even though they made up just 13 percent of the US population.” The evidence indicates that African Americans receive a disproportionate amount of attention from police and are disproportionately punished and incarcerated because of institutionalized racism within the American ruling class. This racist worldview was evident from the early days of the nation, when the concept of Manifest Destiny was put forward by John O’Sullivan (1845). That concept expressed……
References
References
Aguirre, A., & Baker, D. V. (Eds.). 2008. Structured inequality in the United States: Critical discussions on the continuing significance of race, ethnicity, and gender. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Alexander, Michelle. 2012. The New Jim Crow. New York: New Press.
Davis, Angela. 2012. The Meaning of Freedom. San Francisco: City Light Books.
James, Lois. 2018. The stability of implicit racial bias in police officers. Police Quarterly 21(1):0-52.
Lopez, German. 2018. There are huge racial disparities in how US police use force. Retrieved July 30, 2019 ( https://www.vox.com/identities/2016/8/13/17938186/police-shootings-killings-racism-racial-disparities ).
O’Sullivan, John. 1845. Annexation. United States Magazine and Democratic Review 17(1):5-10.
Pettit, Becky, and Bruce Western. 2004. Mass imprisonment and the life course: Race and class inequality in US incarceration." American sociological review 69(2):151-169.
Plessy v. Ferguson. 1896. Retrieved July 30, 2019 ( https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/163us537 ).
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