Trade Essays (Examples)
Study Document
War On Drugs
… beverages. Altering human brain and body, drugs have a wide range of effects including pain relief, stimulation, and relaxation. Drugs have also been traded on the global commodities market for centuries, with the most infamous being opium and tobacco: both of which became so lucrative they led … infamous being opium and tobacco: both of which became so lucrative they led to political and military skirmishes. Government intervention in the drug trade is a new phenomenon, traceable to the Opium Wars first and then to the initial controls placed on chemical compounds as scientific research … and addiction in order to provide effective interventions and better educate the public. The literature also directly discusses the economics of the drug trade, and the financial implications of the war on drugs versus ending the war on drugs. A deeper historical and political analysis shows that … reform also offers hope for……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition
“America is At War,” (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://web.stanford.edu/class/e297c/poverty_prejudice/paradox/htele.html
Bambauer, J. Y. (2012). How the war on drugs distorts privacy law. Stanford Law Review 62(2012). Retrieved from: https://www.stanfordlawreview.org/online/how-the-war-on-drugs-distorts-privacy-law/
Benson, B.L., Kim., I., Rasmussen, D.W., et al. (1992, 2006). Is property crime caused by drug use or by drug enforcement policy? Applied Economics 24(7): 679-692.
Best, D., Irving, J. & Albertson, K. (2016). Recovery and desistance: what the emerging recovery movement in the alcohol and drug area can learn from models of desistance from offending. Addiction Research & Theory 25(1): 1-10.
Coomber, R., Moyle, L., Belackova, V., et al. (2018). The burgeoning recognition and accommodation of the social supply of drugs in international criminal justice systems: An eleven-nation comparative overview. International Journal of Drug Policy 58(2018): 98-103.
Coyne, C.J. & Hall, A. R. (2017). Four decades and counting. CATO Institute. Retrieved from: https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/four-decades-counting-continued-failure-war-drugs
Farabee, D., Prendergast, M. & Anglin, M.D. (1998). The effectiveness of coerced treatment for drug-abusing offenders. 62 Fed. Probation 3 (1998).
Study Document
FBI Drugs And WMDs
… the invasion into the Middle East by the U.S. following both the attacks on the USS Cole and the attacks on the World Trade Centers had a serious consequence in terms of the global drug trade. The poppy fields of Afghanistan were liberated and the heroin trade devastated countries around the world, with many hundreds of thousands of Americans negatively impacted by it as well. So while no WMDs were … negatively impacted by it as well. So while no WMDs were found in Iraq, a massive WMD in the form of the heroin trade escaped Afghanistan and ran riot through the streets of the U.S. The FBI has to be better about working with DHS to secure ……
References
Bibliography
Arnold, Aaron and Daniel Salisbury, “The Long Arm,” Belfer Center, 2019. https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/long-arm
Carter, Ashton B. "Overhauling counterproliferation." Technology in Society 26, no. 2-3 (2004): 257-269.
The Commission to Assess the Organization of the Federal Government to Combat the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. “Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction,” Washington, D.C., 1999.
FBI. “COINTELPRO.” https://vault.fbi.gov/cointel-pro
FBI Counterproliferation Center. “About.” https://www.fbi.gov/about/leadership-and-structure/national-security-branch/fbi-counterproliferation-center
Fischer, Rowena Rege. “Guide to the Study of Intelligence: Counterproliferation,” Journal of U.S. Intelligence Studies 21, no. 1 (Winter 2014-15), 78-82.
Liow, Joseph Chinyong. "The Mahathir administration's war against Islamic militancy: operational and ideological challenges." Australian Journal of International Affairs 58, no. 2 (2004): 241-256.
Manchikanti, Laxmaiah, Jaya Sanapati, Ramsin M. Benyamin, Sairam Atluri, Alan D. Kaye, and Joshua A. Hirsch. "Reframing the prevention strategies of the opioid crisis: focusing on prescription opioids, fentanyl, and heroin epidemic." Pain physician 21, no. 4 (2018): 309-326.
Study Document
Electronic Health Records EHR
… executing secured health data, re-endorsing, clinical choice help, electronic supplier request section, tolerant supplier get to, facilitated care through patient commitment, health data trade, clinical information vault, and case revealing.
In April 2018, CMS renamed important use from the EHR Incentive Programs to the Promoting Interoperability Programs, ……
References
References
Gagnon, D., Simonyan, E.K., Ghandour, G., Godin, M., Labrecque, M., Ouimet, M.R. (2016). Factors influencing electronic health record adoption by physicians: A multilevel analysis, Int J Inform Manage, 36, pp. 258-270.
Hasanain, H. (2014). Cooper Solutions to overcome technical and social barriers to electronic health records implementation in Saudi public and private hospitals, J Health Inform Dev Ctries, pp. 46-63.
Kierkegaard, P. (2019). Electronic health record: Wiring Europe\\\\'s healthcare: Computer Law & Security Review. 27 (5): 503–515.
Murphys, E.V., & Yale, J. (2014). Clinical decision support: effectiveness in improving quality processes and clinical outcomes and factors that may influence success. Biol Med; 87, pp. 187–97.
Study Document
The Moral And Ethical Implications Emerging Due To Globalization
… dynamic force of globalization, a phenomenon of interconnectedness and integration of economies around the world, has resulted not only to increasing opportunities for trade diversification but presents inherent risk such as global financial instability, increased inequalities, terrorism. In an increasingly interdependent world, increasing world population, scientific and … of interest to both national and international governments and critical for maintaining global stability (Bhargava, 2007).
Forces of globalization have contributed to multilateral trade liberalization, which has an economic value such as increasing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), greater economies of scale and scope and knowledge, and technology ……
References
References
Ahmad, A. (2013) \\\\\\'A Global Ethics for a Globalized World,\\\\\\' Policy Perspectives, 10(1), pp. 63–77. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/42909298.
Bereiter, C. and Scardamalia, M. (2020) \\\\\\'What will it mean to be\\\\\\" educated\\\\\\" in 2020\\\\\\', The Gordon Commission on the Future of Assessment in Education.
Buller, P. F., Kohls, J. J. and Anderson, K. S. (1991) \\\\\\'The challenge of global ethics,\\\\\\' Journal of Business Ethics, 10(10), pp. 767–775. DOI: 10.1007/BF00705711.
Gampel, E. H. (2010) \\\\\\'A framework for reasoning about ethical issues\\\\\\', pp. 1–18. Available at: http://www.academia.edu/4323854/A_Framework_for_Reasoning_about_Ethical_Issues .
Gong, Q. and Zhang, L. (2010) \\\\\\'Virtue ethics and modern society—A response to the thesis of the modern predicament of virtue ethics _ SpringerLink,\\\\\\' Frontiers of Philosophy in China, 5(2), pp. 255–265.
Newton, L. (2008) \\\\\\'Hale Chair in Applied Ethics Resources - Manuals.\\\\\\' Available at: http://www.rit.edu/cla/ethics/resources/manuals/dgae1p1.html .
The Blogxer (2012) \\\\\\'Responsibilities of an educated person,\\\\\\' The Third Eye. Available at: http://enlighten-me-not.blogspot.co.ke/2012/03/responsibilities-of-educated-person.html .
Study Document
Operations Management And Business Strategy
… a mid-sized city. The company operates with a wholesale-only business model, which allows it to focus on the high end restaurant and hotel trade in the state, along with a mail order retail business. Fiyeli also sells to select coffee shops, but most of its market is … work. Fiyeli works with star growers, and because of that, pays them a healthy wage, especially when buying direct. This version of fair trade, conducted without certification but with public reporting, helps the company and its key stakeholders to recognize the value of ensuring that the world’s ……
References
References
Aburto, L. & Weber, R. (2005) Improved supply chain management based on hybrid demand forecasts. Applied Soft Computing. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/30284637/demand_forecast_in_a_supermarket_using_a_hybrid_intelligent_system.pdf
CT Magazine (2012) Coffee packaging freshness. Coffee Talk Magazine. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://coffeetalk.com/ctmagazine/10-2012/3926/
Del Valle, G. (2019) Wholesale coffee is cheaper than it has been in years. That’s not good news. Vox. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2019/4/25/18512680/coffee-futures-price-dropping-brazil-currency
Garza, E. & Hoffman, M. (2019) How climate change is killing coffee. Knowledge @ Wharton. Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/coffee-climate-change/
Khan, O. & Creazza, A. (2005) The impact of product design on the supply chain. Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265492088_The_Impact_of_Product_Design_on_the_Supply_Chain_The_Impact_of_Product_Design_on_the_Supply_Chain
Manetti, G. & Becatti, L. (2009). Assurance services for sustainability reports: Standards and empirical evidence. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 87 (2009) 289-298.
Mersie, A. (2019) Coffee prices seen rising 25% by year end. Reuters Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-global-coffee-poll/coffee-prices-seen-rising-nearly-25-percent-by-year-end-reuters-poll-idUSKCN1Q11JD
Mordor Intelligence (2017) United States coffee market – growth, trends and forecasts. Mordor Intelligence Retrieved June 13, 2019 from https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/united-states-coffee-market
Study Document
Capital Structure Analysis
… is 61% and 89%, respectively).
Optimal Capital Structure Theories
There are four capital structure theories that have been developed to date: 1) the trade-off theory, 2) the pecking order theory, 3) the signaling theory, and 4) the managerial opportunism theory (Graham & Leary, ) Each theory describes … signaling theory, and 4) the managerial opportunism theory (Graham & Leary, ) Each theory describes a firm’s optimal capital structure as discussed below.
Trade-off Theory
This theory suggests that managers should choose a mix of debt and equity that achieves a balance between the tax advantages of ……
References
References
Estimating a synthetic rating and cost of debt. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/New_Home_Page/valquestions/syntrating.htm
Fenebris.com. (2019, August 18). AU. Retrieved from http://www.market-risk-premia.com/au.htmlm
Intelligent Investor. (n.d.). FlexiGroup Limited. Retrieved from https://www.intelligentinvestor.com.au/shares/asx-fxl/flexigroup-limited/financials IntelligentInvestor.com. (n.d.). Afterpay Touch Group Limited. Retrieved from https://www.intelligentinvestor.com.au/shares/asx-apt/afterpay-touch-group-limited/financials
Yahoo Finance. (n.d.). FLEXIGROUP FPO (FXL.AX) Balance Sheet. Retrieved from https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/FXL.AX/balance-sheet?p=FXL.AXhttps://finance.yahoo.com/quote/FXL.AX/balance-sheet?p=FXL.AX
Study Document
Pablo Escobar
… money away to social service organizations in Colombia. He was also an astute businessman who recognized trends and opportunities in the illicit drug trade. Yet Escobar was no hero; he was “violent” and “ruthless,” (“Pablo Escobar Crime Files,” 1) and was directly responsible for “terror campaigns that … diplomas (“Pablo Escobar Biography” 1). Then, Escobar shifted to higher stakes crimes like car theft and dealing drugs. His start in the drug trade began with cannabis, and then he made a name for himself in cigarette smuggling during what has been since dubbed the “Marlboro Wars,” … valuable training ground for the future narcotics kingpin,” (“Pablo Escobar Biography” 1).
In the early 1970s, Colombia was a hub in the cannabis trade, but had yet to establish itself as ground zero for cocaine.…[break]…resort, going on killing sprees that resulted in a dramatic shift in how …
Escobar left a colorful and……
References
Works Cited
Kenney, Michael. “From Pablo to Osama: Counter-terrorism Lessons from the War on Drugs.” (2003). Survival, 45(3), 187–206. doi:10.1080/00396338.2003.9688585
“Pablo Escobar Biography.” Biography.com. Accessed 4 Dec, 2019 from https://www.biography.com/crime-figure/pablo-escobar
“Pablo Escobar Crime Files.” Crime and Investigation. Accessed 4 Dec, 2019 from https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/crime-files/pablo-escobar
Pobutsky, Aldona Bialowas. “Peddling Pablo: Escobar\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Cultural Renaissance.” Hispania, Vol. 96, No. 4, Dec 2013, pp. 684-689.
Thompson, D. P. (1996). Pablo Escobar, Drug Baron: His surrender, imprisonment, and escape. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 19(1), 1996: 55–91. doi:10.1080/10576109608435996
Study Document
Walmart And Starbucks Sustainability
...Trade Sustainability
Literature Review
The Starbucks' Social Responsibility & Sustainability (2017) outlines the company's plan for each on several fronts. These are complex issues, and they receive some complexity in their treatment. Starbucks has four main areas of focus: community, ethical sourcing, environment, and diversity. Roughly, community and diversity would fall into the category of social responsibility, as these cover community service, youth action, the Starbucks Foundation, the Ethos Water Fund, and the company's diversity plan. On the sustainability front, there is the ethics of coffee, tea, cocoa and farmer support and this combines with water, energy, green building and climate change. The company's marketing of its approach contains a lot of high level discussion, but there are opportunities to take a deeper dive into specific initiatives and metrics. A lot of what Starbucks does with its approach focuses on things that matter most to the company (its supply chain, for……
References
References
Aguilera, R, Rupp, D., Williams, C. & Ganapathi, J. (2005) Putting the S back in corporate social responsibility: A multi-level theory of social change in organizations. Academy of Management Review. (2005). Retrieved November 4, 2017 from https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/1768/TS_Aguilera.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
Banerjee, S. (2008) Corporate social responsibility: the good, bad and the ugly. Critical Sociology. Vol. 34 (1)
Blowfield, M., Frynas, J. (2005) Editorial setting new agendas: Critical perspectives on corporate social responsibility in the developing world. International Affairs. Vol. 81 (3) 499-513.
Brammer, S., Jackson, G. & Matten, D. (2012). Corporate social responsibility and institutional theory: New perspectives on private governance. Socio-Economic Review. Vol. 10 (2012) 3-28.
Campbell, J. (2007) Why would corporations behave in socially responsible ways? An institutional theory of corporate social responsibility The Academy of Management Review. Vol. 32 (3) 946-967.
Epstein, E. (1987) The corporate social policy process: Beyond business ethics, corporate social responsibility, and corporate social responsiveness. California Management Review. Vol. 29 (3) 99.
Friedman, M. (1970) The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits. New York Times Magazine. Retrieved November 4, 2017 from https://www.colorado.edu/studentgroups/libertarians/issues/friedman-soc-resp-business.html
Heningway, C. & Maclagan, P. (2004) Managers' personal values as drivers of corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 50 (1) 33-44.
Study Document
Gangs Formation And Functioning
… support in the event of a violent attack, and retribution for any transgression.
· Criminal Activity – A few enter for engaging in drug trade/consumption and profiting from gang protection and trade earnings.
· Intimidation – A few are coerced into entering when their membership is deemed to contribute positively to the criminal activities of the … the area where it is implemented.
Successful model initiative implementation ought to decrease levels of overall youth arrests on charges of violence, drug use/possession/trade, and serious violence to a significantly greater degree than before among quasi-initiative youngsters and comparison youngsters in the initiative period. Serious violence apprehensions ……
References
References
Alleyne, E., & Wood, J. L. (2013). Gang-related crime: The social, psychological, and behavioral correlates. Psychology, Crime & Law, 19(7), 611-627.
FBI, (n.d.). Gangs. Retrieved from https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/violent-crime/gangs#The-Gang%20Threat on 12 June 2020
Finelli, G. A. (2019). Slash, Shoot, Kill Gang Recruitment of Children, and the Penalties Gangs Face. Family Court Review, 57(2), 243-257.
Hesketh, R. F. (2018). A critical exploration of why some individuals with similar backgrounds do or do not become involved in deviant street groups and the potential implications for their future life choices. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Chester, United Kingdom).
Hesketh, R.F. (2019). Joining gangs: living on the edge?. Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 5 No. 4; 280-294.
Higginson, A., Benier, K., Shenderovich, Y., Bedford, L., Mazerolle, L., & Murray, J. (2018). Factors associated with youth gang membership in low?and middle?income countries: a systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 14(1), 1-128.
Howell, J. C. (2010). Gang Prevention: An Overview of Research and Programs. Juvenile Justice Bulletin. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Klein, M.W. (1995). The American street gang: Its nature, prevalence, and control. New York: Oxford University Press.
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