Heroin Essays (Examples)
Study Document
The Rise Of The Opium Trade In Afghanistan Following The US Invasion
… the counterterrorism operation in Afghanistan? Numerous negative consequences of the mission followed: the liberation of the poppy fields and the spike in the heroin trade around the world that decimated communities, including American ones back home (Felbab-Brown, 2017); the rise of the Islamic State throughout the Middle … who were ignorant about Afghanistan” (Whitlock, 2019). It is difficult to see how there is strategy at all in the containment of the heroin trade, since the fields used to farm poppies have grown in size by 4x since the US invasion of Afghanistan. Were the US … an endless stream of bureaucrats implementing their own policies, which lead to more waste, more missile strikes on empty clay huts while the heroin trade soars and the Taliban becomes more entrenched in the halls of local government. Had the US been trying to fail in the ……
References
References
Almukhtar, S. & Nordland, R. (2019). What Did the U.S. Get for $2 Trillion in Afghanistan? Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/12/09/world/middleeast/afghanistan-war-cost.html
Barno, D. (2007). The Other War: Counterinsurgency Strategy in Afghanistan 2003– 20. Military Review, 87(5), 32–44.
Barton, G. (2016). Out of the ashes of Afghanistan and Iraq: the rise and rise of Islamic State. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/out-of-the-ashes-of-afghanistan-and-iraq-the-rise-and-rise-of-islamic-state-55437
Felbab-Brown, V. (2017). Afghanistan’s opium production is through the roof—why Washington shouldn’t overreact. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2017/11/21/afghanistans-opium-production-is-through-the-roof-why-washington-shouldnt-overreact/
FM 3-24. (2014). Retrieved from https://fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm3-24.pdf
Hitz, F. P. (1999). Obscuring Propriety: The CIA and Drugs. International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 12(4), 448-462.
IrishTimes. (2001). Britain freezes £61m of suspected Taliban assets. Retrieved from https://www.irishtimes.com/news/britain-freezes-61m-of-suspected-taliban-assets-1.398565
Kiras, J. D. (2002). Terrorism and Irregular Warfare, in John Baylis, James Wirtz, Eliot Cohen and Colin Gray eds., Strategy in the Contemporary World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), 208–232.
Study Document
FBI Drugs And WMDs
… Sairam Atluri, Alan D. Kaye, and Joshua A. Hirsch. "Reframing the prevention strategies of the opioid crisis: focusing on prescription opioids, fentanyl, and heroin epidemic." Pain physician 21, no. 4 (2018): 309-326.] [27: Nevano, Gregory C. "Homeland Security Investigations, Border Search Authority, and Investigative Approaches to Fentanyl Smuggling." US Att'ys … World Trade Centers had a serious consequence in terms of the global drug trade. The poppy fields of Afghanistan were liberated and the heroin trade devastated countries around the world, with many hundreds of thousands of Americans negatively impacted by it as well. So while no WMDs … Americans negatively impacted by it as well. So while no WMDs were found in Iraq, a massive WMD in the form of the heroin trade escaped Afghanistan and ran riot through the streets of the U.S. The FBI has to be better about working with DHS to ……
References
Bibliography
Arnold, Aaron and Daniel Salisbury, “The Long Arm,” Belfer Center, 2019. https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/long-arm
Carter, Ashton B. "Overhauling counterproliferation." Technology in Society 26, no. 2-3 (2004): 257-269.
The Commission to Assess the Organization of the Federal Government to Combat the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. “Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction,” Washington, D.C., 1999.
FBI. “COINTELPRO.” https://vault.fbi.gov/cointel-pro
FBI Counterproliferation Center. “About.” https://www.fbi.gov/about/leadership-and-structure/national-security-branch/fbi-counterproliferation-center
Fischer, Rowena Rege. “Guide to the Study of Intelligence: Counterproliferation,” Journal of U.S. Intelligence Studies 21, no. 1 (Winter 2014-15), 78-82.
Liow, Joseph Chinyong. "The Mahathir administration's war against Islamic militancy: operational and ideological challenges." Australian Journal of International Affairs 58, no. 2 (2004): 241-256.
Manchikanti, Laxmaiah, Jaya Sanapati, Ramsin M. Benyamin, Sairam Atluri, Alan D. Kaye, and Joshua A. Hirsch. "Reframing the prevention strategies of the opioid crisis: focusing on prescription opioids, fentanyl, and heroin epidemic." Pain physician 21, no. 4 (2018): 309-326.
Study Document
Violent Crime Control And Law Enforcement Act Of 1994
… steadily and sharply right from the ‘60s to the middle of ’70s decade; this corresponds with the growth in utilization of crack cocaine and heroin in the nation. The former drug was quick to become inner-city gangsters’ choice of drug for trading owing to its inexpensive production and … mass imprisonment of Latino and African American males. This strategy is only now being corrected and replaced with novel strategies to address the extant heroin epidemic. Conclusions may be drawn regarding the difference of strategy from racial differences of individuals mainly impacted by addiction to heroin, as opposed to crack cocaine.
Lastly, clearly, the huge rise in new prison financing is,……
References
References
Raymond Derrial Madden, Petitioner-appellant, v. United States of America, Respondent-appellee, 64 F.3d 669 (10th Cir. 1995)
Sepulveda v. United States, 69 F. Supp. 2d 633 (D.N.J. 1999)
United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Joanne Kwi Ye Estes, Defendant-appellant, 166 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 1998)
United States v. Madden, No. 92-6206 (10th Cir. Apr. 20, 1993), WL 332262 Books and article
Moore, R. (2017). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. Macat Library.
United States Congress. (1994). Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Public law, (103-322).
Websites
The Establishment. (2016, April 12). About That Controversial 1994 Crime Bill. A Medium Corporation. Retrieved from https://medium.com/the-establishment/about-that-controversial-1994-crime-bill-c17ccfcc25fa
Study Document
Drug Abuse
...Heroin Impact of Drug Abuse on School Children Aged 10 To 18 in Developed Countries (U.S., Canada, France, England, Germany, Italy, Russia, Australia, Japan and China): Narrative Literature Review
Introduction
The problem addressed in this literature review is that in developed countries around the world, drug abuse among school children between the ages of 10 and 18 is on the rise (UN, 2018). School children are particularly vulnerable because their bodies and minds are still developing and when drugs are introduced to their systems, the impact can be devastating to them personally in physical and mental health terms (Stockings et al., 2016). Yet all around the developed world this is happening. Children are being brought into and exposed to drug culture because drug use, particularly marijuana use is on the rise through vaping, which was meant as a tool to wean tobacco smokers off cigarettes. Instead it is allowing young and……
References
References
Baggio, S., Spilka, S., Studer, J., Iglesias, K., & Gmel, G. (2016). Trajectories of drug use among French young people: Prototypical stages of involvement in illicit drug use. Journal of Substance Use, 21(5), 485-490.
Bonyani, A., Safaeian, L., Chehrazi, M., Etedali, A., Zaghian, M., & Mashhadian, F. (2018). A high school-based education concerning drug abuse prevention. Journal of education and health promotion, 7.
Chu, Y. W. L. (2015). Do medical marijuana laws increase hard-drug use?. The Journal of Law and Economics, 58(2), 481-517.
Downes, D. (2017). The drug addict as a folk devil. In Drugs and politics (pp. 89-97). Routledge.
Goodchild, M., Nargis, N., & d\\'Espaignet, E. T. (2018). Global economic cost of smoking-attributable diseases. Tobacco control, 27(1), 58-64.
Grant, C. N., & Bélanger, R. E. (2017). Cannabis and Canada’s children and youth. Paediatrics & child health, 22(2), 98-102.
Herbert, A., Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A., McGhee, J., Li, L., & Gilbert, R. (2016). Time-trends in rates of hospital admission of adolescents for violent, self-inflicted or drug/alcohol-related injury in England and Scotland, 2005–11: population-based analysis. Journal of Public Health, 39(1), 65-73.
Henkel, D., & Zemlin, U. (2016). Social inequality and substance use and problematic gambling among adolescents and young adults: a review of epidemiological surveys in Germany. Current drug abuse reviews, 9(1), 26-48.
Study Document
Race And Incarceration Rates
...Heroin Introduction
Race has always been a cultural factor in the U.S. and it is certainly a factor in today’s criminal justice system. James (2018:30) has shown that current “research on police officers has found that they tend to associate African Americans with threat” (30). A significantly higher percentage of the African American population is incarcerated than any other population in the U.S. And, worse, as Lopez (2018) points out, “Black people accounted for 31 percent of police killing victims in 2012, even though they made up just 13 percent of the US population.” The evidence indicates that African Americans receive a disproportionate amount of attention from police and are disproportionately punished and incarcerated because of institutionalized racism within the American ruling class. This racist worldview was evident from the early days of the nation, when the concept of Manifest Destiny was put forward by John O’Sullivan (1845). That concept expressed……
References
References
Aguirre, A., & Baker, D. V. (Eds.). 2008. Structured inequality in the United States: Critical discussions on the continuing significance of race, ethnicity, and gender. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Alexander, Michelle. 2012. The New Jim Crow. New York: New Press.
Davis, Angela. 2012. The Meaning of Freedom. San Francisco: City Light Books.
James, Lois. 2018. The stability of implicit racial bias in police officers. Police Quarterly 21(1):0-52.
Lopez, German. 2018. There are huge racial disparities in how US police use force. Retrieved July 30, 2019 ( https://www.vox.com/identities/2016/8/13/17938186/police-shootings-killings-racism-racial-disparities ).
O’Sullivan, John. 1845. Annexation. United States Magazine and Democratic Review 17(1):5-10.
Pettit, Becky, and Bruce Western. 2004. Mass imprisonment and the life course: Race and class inequality in US incarceration." American sociological review 69(2):151-169.
Plessy v. Ferguson. 1896. Retrieved July 30, 2019 ( https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/163us537 ).
Study Document
Positive And Negative Effects Athletic Performance And Caffeine
...Heroin Positive and Negative Effects of Caffeine on Athletic Performance
Introduction
Caffeine is an alkaloid as well as a natural intoxicant that is prevalent in coffee, tea, as well as cacao. In the contemporary setting, caffeine is the most extensively consumed psychoactive drug across the globe, enabling an individual to continue being attentive and precluding the onset of fatigue. In recent times, caffeine has become the prevalent supplement for numerous athletes. As a result of its positive impacts on exercise performance, a number of athletic organizations such as the National Collegiate Athletic Association have even began to proscribe caffeine in high doses. According to Mishra (2018), the United States Olympic Committee has reported that there are numerous positive impacts of caffeine use for athletes. These comprise of increased endurance during workout performance, team sports, as well as for short duration sports. In contrast, there are parties that believe caffeine has a……
References
References
Anthony, G. (2019). Positive and negative effects of caffeine on athletes. Align Thoughts. Retrieved from: https://www.alignthoughts.com/positive-and-negative-effects-of-caffeine-on-athletes/
Dunford, M., & Doyle, J. A. (2011). Nutrition for sport and exercise. Cengage Learning.
Evolution Nutrition. (2015). How Caffeine Affects Athletic Performance. Retrieved from: https://www.acefitness.org/education-and-resources/professional/expert-articles/5407/how-caffeine-affects-athletic-performance/
Jenkinson, D. M., & Harbert, A. J. (2008). Supplements and sports. American family physician, 78(9), 1039-1046.
Letter, W. (1995). The New Wellness Encyclopedia. University of California at Berkeley.
Mattioli, A. V., Sisca, G., & Farinetti, A. (2019). Potential negative effects of caffeine in athletes. Progress in Nutrition, 21(1), 241-242.
McDaniel, L. W., McIntire, K., Streitz, C., Jackson, A., & Gaudet, L. (2010). The effects of caffeine on athletic performance. College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS), 6(1), 33-38.
Mishra, D. (2018). Caffeine For Athletic Performance: Good Or Avoid? Sideline Sports. Retrieved from: https://www.sidelinesportsdoc.com/caffeine-for-athletic-performance-good-or-avoid/
Study Document
Counterterrorism Strategy For The Next U S Presidential Administration
… trafficking that has led to hundreds of thousands of deaths in the U.S. The current trafficking of fentanyl which is 100x stronger than heroin is a major concern and should be viewed as a terrorist threat. It has been shown that much of today’s Fentanyl trafficking is ……
References
References
Bipartisan Policy Center. (2017). Defeating terrorists, not terrorism. Retrieved from https://bipartisanpolicy.org/report/counterterrorism-policy-from-911-to-isis/
Englehardt, T. (2018). America’s war on terror. Retrieved from https://www.thenation.com/article/americas-war-on-terror-has-cost-taxpayers-5-6-trillion/
Freeman, M. (2018). ISIS Is a US-Israeli Creation. Top Ten “Indications.” Retrieved from https://www.globalresearch.ca/isis-is-a-us-israeli-creation-top-ten-indications/5518627
Malzahn, S. M. (2002). State Sponsorship and Support of International Terrorism: Customary Norms of State Responsibility. Hastings Int'l & Comp. L. Rev., 26, 83.
Nordland, R. & Mashal, M. (2019). U.S. and Taliban Edge Toward Deal to End America’s Longest War. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/26/world/asia/afghanistan-taliban-peace-deal.html
White House. (2003). National strategy for combating terrorism. Retrieved from https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/02/20030214-7.html
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