Financing Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Capital Structure Analysis
Introduction
Corporate finance focuses on financial decisions made by financial managers. Financial decisions is broadly categorized into two: financing decisions and investment decisions (Renzetti, 2001). Investment decisions determines the composition of assets held by a firm while financing decisions focuses on the optimal mix of debts and equity (capital structure). An optimal capital structure can be defined as a combination of … of the debt and the various costs of using financial leverage. Costs of debt include agency costs, bankruptcy costs, and loss of future financing flexibility. A firm is allowed to deduct interest expenses form gross income when determining taxable income. So, debt reduces taxes. On the other … if a firm has a greater agency problems, they should avoid using debt at all costs.
Debt is also associated with loss of financing flexibility. A firm that has borrowed to its capacity losses the flexibility of financing future projects……
References
References
Estimating a synthetic rating and cost of debt. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/New_Home_Page/valquestions/syntrating.htm
Fenebris.com. (2019, August 18). AU. Retrieved from http://www.market-risk-premia.com/au.htmlm
Intelligent Investor. (n.d.). FlexiGroup Limited. Retrieved from https://www.intelligentinvestor.com.au/shares/asx-fxl/flexigroup-limited/financials IntelligentInvestor.com. (n.d.). Afterpay Touch Group Limited. Retrieved from https://www.intelligentinvestor.com.au/shares/asx-apt/afterpay-touch-group-limited/financials
Yahoo Finance. (n.d.). FLEXIGROUP FPO (FXL.AX) Balance Sheet. Retrieved from https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/FXL.AX/balance-sheet?p=FXL.AXhttps://finance.yahoo.com/quote/FXL.AX/balance-sheet?p=FXL.AX
Study Document
Starbucks
… left the company but then returned in order to bring it back to growth (The Coffee Brewers, 2008).
Balance Sheet
Decisions regarding the financing of this steady growth should be reflected on the company’s balance sheet. At the end of the 1998 fiscal year, Starbucks had just … questions is whether the company would make any changes to its capital structure, based not only on its strategy, but on the prevailing financing environment, which included a very long run of rock bottom interest rates. By 2005, liabilities were already up to 40% of total assets, … the company’s growth slowed in the 2009 fiscal year. Those low interest rates allowed Starbucks to use debt as its primary mode of financing growth in the past ten years. By 2016, liabilities were 58% of the capital structure and the company had grown its long-term debt … the company had grown its……
References
References
Cannivet, M. (2019) Starbucks’ big stock buyback limits future upside. Forbes. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelcannivet/2019/08/29/starbucks-big-stock-buyback-limits-future-upside/#26c434067047
Hawley, J. (2019) Who are Starbucks’ main competitors? Investopedia. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/101315/who-are-starbucks-main-competitors.asp
Macrotrends (2019) Starbucks. Macrotrends.com. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/SBUX/starbucks/financial-statements
Marketwatch (2019) McDonalds Marketwatch. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/mcd/financials
Sharf, S. (2013) Starbucks ordered to pay Kraft $2.8 billion. Forbes. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/samanthasharf/2013/11/12/starbucks-ordered-to-pay-kraft-2-8-billion/#5516b7fa167d
Starbucks 1999 Annual Report. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://s22.q4cdn.com/869488222/files/doc_financials/annual/1999/102640_financials2_99.pdf
The Coffee Brewers (2008) With Starbucks closing 600 shops, is the coffee business still lucrative? The Coffee Brewers. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://www.thecoffeebrewers.com/starbucks.html
Study Document
The Rise Of The Opium Trade In Afghanistan Following The US Invasion
… objectivity and realism (Taddeo, 2010). The mission calculus was unclear, the operation involved lacking in all the variables of iSTART (ideology, strategy, tactics, accounting/financing, recruitment, targets). What was the aim of the counterterrorism operation in Afghanistan? Numerous negative consequences of the mission followed: the liberation of the … of mission where a command-and-control structure is in place, with discipline and rigor resulting. Training is involved and motivation is a major outcome. Accounting/Financing refers to how the operations are funded and whether money is easily transferred or collected. It requires understanding of the legal parameters of ……
References
References
Almukhtar, S. & Nordland, R. (2019). What Did the U.S. Get for $2 Trillion in Afghanistan? Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/12/09/world/middleeast/afghanistan-war-cost.html
Barno, D. (2007). The Other War: Counterinsurgency Strategy in Afghanistan 2003– 20. Military Review, 87(5), 32–44.
Barton, G. (2016). Out of the ashes of Afghanistan and Iraq: the rise and rise of Islamic State. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/out-of-the-ashes-of-afghanistan-and-iraq-the-rise-and-rise-of-islamic-state-55437
Felbab-Brown, V. (2017). Afghanistan’s opium production is through the roof—why Washington shouldn’t overreact. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2017/11/21/afghanistans-opium-production-is-through-the-roof-why-washington-shouldnt-overreact/
FM 3-24. (2014). Retrieved from https://fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm3-24.pdf
Hitz, F. P. (1999). Obscuring Propriety: The CIA and Drugs. International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 12(4), 448-462.
IrishTimes. (2001). Britain freezes £61m of suspected Taliban assets. Retrieved from https://www.irishtimes.com/news/britain-freezes-61m-of-suspected-taliban-assets-1.398565
Kiras, J. D. (2002). Terrorism and Irregular Warfare, in John Baylis, James Wirtz, Eliot Cohen and Colin Gray eds., Strategy in the Contemporary World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), 208–232.
Study Document
Income Inequality And Poverty
… for the dimensions of inequality.
Chiazor, I. A., Egharevba, M. E., & Ozoya, M. I. (2016). Widening Inequality and Poverty in the Developing World-Micro-Financing as a Viable Solution. The Social Sciences, 11(13), 3286-3293.
Despite the broad literature on this topic, there appears to be contradicting opinions regarding the best ……
References
References
Bonito, J. D. M., Daantos, F. J. A., Mateo, J. C. A., & Rosete, M. A. L. (2017). Do entrepreneurship and economic growth affect poverty, income inequality, and economic development. Review of Integrative Business & Economics Research, 6(1), 33-43.
Chiazor, I. A., Egharevba, M. E., & Ozoya, M. I. (2016). Widening Inequality and Poverty in the Developing World-Micro-Financing as a Viable Solution. The Social Sciences, 11(13), 3286-3293.
Chotia, V., and Rao, N.V.M. (2017). Investigating the interlinkages between infrastructure development, poverty, and rural-urban income inequality: Evidence from BRICS nations. Studies in Economics and Finance, Vol. 34 No. 4, pp. 466-484.
Cyrek, M. (2019). Government social spending in the EU countries: efficiency in poverty and income inequality reduction. Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 14(3), 405-424.
Omar, M. A., & Inaba, K. (2020). Does financial inclusion reduce poverty and income inequality in developing countries? A panel data analysis. Journal of Economic Structures, 9, 1-25.
Study Document
Starbucks Corporation Operational Sustainability
… how Starbucks has approached and operationalized the concept of sustainability.
Social Sustainability
In 2016, Starbucks floated a sustainability bond with the goal of financing coffee growing projects in various regions so as to promote environmental sustainability and socio-economic growth. Starbucks Corporation followed the guidelines presented by the … issuing its Starbucks Corporation Sustainability Bond Framework - also referred to simply as the “Framework”. The proceeds of the bond were directed at financing and refinancing existing and future projects put together to promote the advancement of coffee-growing communities socioeconomically and also promote environmental sustainability in the coffee-growing areas ……
References
References
Bruhn-Hansen, S. (2012). Corporate Social Responsibility–A case study of Starbucks’ CSR: communication through its corporate website. Unpublished master’s thesis, Illinois State University. Retrieved from http://pure. au. dk/portal/files/45282206/ba_thesis. pdf.
Harnrungchalotorn, S., & Phayonlerd, Y. (2016). Starbucks with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR):“How Starbucks succeeds in a business world with CSR” (Doctoral dissertation, Master Thesis. Faculty Board of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT Business Administration).
Juneja, P. (2018). PESTLE Analysis of Starbucks. Retrieved November 21, 2019, from https://www.managementstudyguide.com/swot-analysis-of-unilever.htm .
Khalamayzer, A. (2017, November 16). How Starbucks brewed a stronger sustainability bond. Retrieved November 21, 2019, from https://www.greenbiz.com/article/how-starbucks-brewed-stronger-sustainability-bond .
Steven Li. (2019, July 5). Is Starbucks actually serious about environmental sustainability? Retrieved November 21, 2019, from https://therising.co/2019/07/05/is-starbucks-actually-serious-about-environmental-sustainability/ .
Sustainalytics. (2019). Second-Party Opinion Starbucks Sustainability Bond. Sustainalytics Second-Party Opinion Review.
Study Document
Parent Family And Engagement Advocacy Event Plan
… and academic curriculum. This guidance is given, to prepare students for several aspects of college life, like taking admission tests, giving details about financing needs for secondary education and training, special workshops on personal development along with presentations, and provision of specialized counseling to the students with ……
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References
Amoah, S.A., Kwofie, I. & Kwofie, F.A.A. (2015). The school counselor and students’ career choice in high school: The assessor’s perspective in a Ghanaian case. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(23), 57-65. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1079015.pdf
Kaplan. (2020). Planning your family engagement event. https://www.kaplanco.com/ii/planning-family-engagement-event
Oomen, A. (2016). Parental involvement in career education and guidance in secondary education. Journal of the Institute for Career Education and Counseling, 37. DOI: 10.20856/jnicec.3707
Survey Monkey. (2020). Post event feedback survey template. https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/post-event-feedback-survey template/?program=7013A000000mweBQAQ&utm_bu=CR&utm_campaign=71700000064348497&utm_adgroup=58700005704021004&utm_content=39700052007397610&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=adwords&utm_term=p52007397610&utm_kxconfid=s4bvpi0ju&gclid=Cj0KCQjw7ZL6BRCmARIsAH6XFDLPCt8pJXJnfLRhNpT_EG2X1BzHdZyoA0FXVEQgCY42MsHc2GfZw8aAsV9EALw_wcB&gclsr c=aw.ds
US Department of Education. (2007, October 16). College and career guidance and counseling. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ovae/pi/cte/guidcoun2.html
Study Document
US Healthcare Reimbursement And Insurance Issues
… risk protection get sick or injured, they encounter the following difficulty: they may either make use of healthcare services, further impoverishing themselves by financing these services, or may forego treatment, stay sick/injured, and risk not being able to function properly or go to work. Regardless of the ……
References
References
Araujo, M. (2020). Health and medical insurance differences: HMO, PPO, POS, EPO. Retrieved from https://www.thebalance.com/health-and-medical-insurance-2645378
Bertram, M. Y., Lauer, J. A., De Joncheere, K. D., Edejer, T., Hutubessy, R., Kieny, M. P., & Hill, S. R. (2016). Cost-effectiveness thresholds: pros and cons. Bull World Health Organ, 94, 925–930. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.15.164418926
Dey, P., & Bach, P. B. (2019). The 6 functions of health insurance. The JAMA Forum, 321(13), 1242-1243. DOI:10.1001/jama.2019.2320
Ho, A. (2015). Health insurance. Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/298022702_Health_Insurance
IMedPub. (2020). Health insurance. Retrieved from https://www.imedpub.com/scholarly/health-insurance-journals-articles-ppts-list.php
Maruthappu, M., Hasan, A., & Zeltner, T. (2016). Enablers and barriers in implementing integrated care. Health System & Reform, 1(4), 250-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2015.1077301
Sekhri, N. (2000). Managed care: The US experience. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78(6), 830-844. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/78(6)830.pdf
Strata Decision Technology. (2020). Healthcare and hospital capital budget. Retrieved from https://www.stratadecision.com/healthcare-and-hospital-capital-budget/
Study Document
How Interest Rates Compare Over The Last Decade Within The United
… and institutions, keeping the spread between the interest rates. However, as the financial collapse occurred, it could no longer tap into the short-term financing needed to run its business. The firm soon ran out of cash due to this mismatch of interest rates (Schularick, M, and A ……
References
References
1. Goodhard, C and E Perotti, 2008 “Maturity mismatch stretching: Banking has taken a wrong turn”, CEPR Policy Insight 81, 6-July
2. Holston, Laubach, and Williams. 2017. “Measuring the Natural Rate of Interest: International Trends and Determinants,” Journal of International Economics 108, supplement 1 (May): S39–S75
3. Laubach and Williams. 2003. “Measuring the Natural Rate of Interest,” Review of Economics and Statistics 85, no.4 (November): 1063-70.
4. Rachel, L. and Smith, T.D., 2017. Are low real interest rates here to stay?. International Journal of Central Banking, 13(3), pp.1-42.
5. Schularick, M, and A M Taylor, (2009), “Credit Booms Gone Bust: Monetary Policy, Leverage Cycles and Financial Crises, 1870-2008”, NBER DP 15512
6. Stock, J.H. and Watson, M.W., 2007. Why has US inflation become harder to forecast?. Journal of Money, Credit and banking, 39, pp.3-33
Study Document
The Influence Of International Jewry In The Founding Of Israel
...Financing 1. Thinking as a historian, how would you answer the question, “are the Jews a religious group, a nation, or an ethnic minority?”
When thinking as an historian, one can easily say that the Jews are a religious group, a nation, and an ethnic minority—though the terms and conditions under which all of these categorical associations are valid or legitimate is subject to some debate. First of all, Judaism today is different from what it was in pre-Christian times. Of the three largest sects of Judaism today—Reform, Conservative and Orthodox—there is a great deal of dispute about what kind of group the Jews are. There are atheist Jews and agnostic Jews, but they still identify as Jews. Jewish nationalists are typically referred to as Zionists, but not every Jew wants to live in Israel. Even for much of their own history the Jews have been without a nation of their……
References
Bibliography
JMW, XII. Jewish Identity Challenged and Redefined: #16
JMW, XI. The Shoah: #21-41
JMW, VIII. Sephardi & Middle Eastern Jewry #32-35
JMW, X. Zionism: #42-55
JMW, IX. American Jewry: #52
Study Document
Governments Procurement Methods In Integrated Public Service
… have stimulated further research in PPPs. The result has been the development of new PPP models, frameworks, issues to do with concession, project financing, risk management, allocation, and critical success factors (CSFs). While there have been numerous efforts to streamline PPPs, efforts to streamline their framework have ……
References
Bibliography
Duff, V. (2020). What is organizational integration? Retrieved from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/organizational-integration-82053.html
Friedman, S. (2016). Successful public/private partnerships from principles to practices. Washington, DC: Urban Land Institute.
Ma, L., Li, J., Jin, R., &Ke, Y. (2019). A holistic review of public-private partnership literature published between 2008 and 2018. Advances in Civil Engineering. Retrieved from http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ace/2019/7094653.pdf
PrivacySense. (2016). Public sector. Retrieved from http://www.privacysense.net/terms/public-sector/
Reddy, C. (2016). Staff training: Importance, benefits, advantages, and disadvantages. Retrieved from https://content.wisestep.com/staff-training-importance-benefits-advantages-disadvantages/
Sekhri, N., Feachem, R., & Ni, A. (2011). Public-private integrated partnerships demonstrate the potential to improve health care access, quality, and efficiency. Health Affairs, 30(8).
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