Study Document
Framework for Ethics Training
Ethical behavior plays a critical role in the healthcare industry as the industry is faced with numerous difficult decisions that need to ……
References
Fiske, A., Tigard, D., Müller, R., Haddadin, S., Buyx, A., & McLennan, S. (2020). Embedded ethics could help implement the pipeline model framework for machine learning healthcare applications. The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(11), 32-35.
Manson, L. (2018). Ethical Integrated Healthcare Training to Deliver Integrated Care (pp. 213-224). New York, NY: Springer.
Study Document
… principles of nonmaleficence and autonomy and the ethical theory that is discussed in relation to this issue is deontology, also known as duty ethics.
What is the Ethical Dilemma?
The ethical dilemma associated with end-of-life care and the DNR clause is whether life of a patient should … that all family members should discuss because a DNR can help to make it easier for all when that time comes.
Conclusion
The ethics involved in end of life care and how to go about addressing that situation can be complex particularly for family members who disagree ……
References
Bronzino, J. D., & Peterson, D. R. (2016). Bene?cence, Nonmale?cence, and Medical Technology. In Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs (pp. 1259-1266). CRC Press.
Garrido, M. M., Balboni, T. A., Maciejewski, P. K., Bao, Y., & Prigerson, H. G. (2015). Quality of life and cost of care at the end of life: the role of advance directives. Journal of pain and symptom management, 49(5), 828-835.
Karnik, S., & Kanekar, A. (2016). Ethical issues surrounding end-of-life care: a narrative review. In Healthcare (Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 24). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
Marijic, P., Buss, A., & Strupeit, S. (2017). Autonomy and social participation of nursing home residents: nurses’perspectives. Innovation in Aging, 1(Suppl 1), 886.
Plakovic, K. (2016). Burdens Versus Benefits: When Family Has to Decide How Much Is Too Much. Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing, 18(5), 382-387.
Sen, A. (1983). Evaluator relativity and consequential evaluation. Philosophy & Public Affairs, 113-132.
Weissman, D. E. (1999). Do not resuscitate orders: a call for reform. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 2(2), 149-152.
Yuen, J. K., Reid, M. C., & Fetters, M. D. (2011). Hospital do-not-resuscitate orders: why they have failed and how to fix them. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 26(7), 791-797.
Study Document
Ethics of Clandestine Intelligence Operations
Introduction
One of the most common yet least understood methods of operations in the art of statecraft is the ……
Bibliography
Arnold, A. and D. Salisbury. The Long Arm, 2019. Retrieved from https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/long-arm
Barker, Michael J. \\\\\\"Democracy or polyarchy? US-funded media developments in Afghanistan and Iraq post 9/11.\\\\\\" Media, Culture & Society 30, no. 1 (2008): 109-130.
Best, Richard A. Intelligence to Counter Terrorism: Issues for Congress. Congressional Research Service: CRS Report for Congress, 2002.
Carter, Ashton B. \\\\\\"Overhauling counterproliferation.\\\\\\" Technology in Society 26, no. 2-3
(2004): 257-269.
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McCormick, G. H., & Owen, G. “Security and coordination in a clandestine organization.” Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 31, no. 6-7 (2000), 175-192.
Study Document
...Ethics An occasion in which a public sector leader acted in an unethical manner was when he unquestioningly accepted a potentially damaging organizational culture that he inherited from the previous administration. The leader did not stop to consider that the culture of the government that he was now in charge of was rife with corruption and long time staffers who were engaged in all manner of schemes that served to benefit them, friends, and so on—particularly through the rewarding of contracts to friends, getting money for unnecessary jobs, spying, abuse, harassment, and so on. The leader accepted the culture as just the way the office was run and did not try to fix it, thinking that if this was the way it worked under his predecessor it must be okay.
It turned out to be not okay when a particular grievance was filed by a female staffer against several upper level……
Study Document
...Ethics Fairness is a term commonly used but rarely understood, critiqued, or analyzed. When used in relation to educational testing, the concept of fairness is also cluttered by the conflicting evidence supporting the construct validity of assessments or the reliability of those assessments for a diverse population. When consequential validity is also called into question, then educational testing itself becomes a quagmire. Yet teachers do need assessments to gauge student learning, or to provide students with the educational resources they need to thrive. Consequential validity refers to the ways educators use assessments, standardized or not (Denner, Norman & Lin, 2009). Teachers unfamiliar with the concept of consequential validity may be acting unfairly without knowing, causing harm to students inadvertently. The harms coming from consequential validity can be ameliorated by using a Biblical worldview and corresponding ethical approach to education.
The Bible emphasizes fairness and equity, “for God shows no partiality,” (Romans……
References
Denner, P., Norman, A. & Shu-Yuan Lin. Fairness and consequential validity of teacher work samples. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability 21 (2009): 235-254.
Study Document
...Ethics How Does Social Change Occur
The main purpose of this chapter is to examine the concept of social change and what it means for people, how it is communicated, how it is achieved, how it spreads, and so on. Hickman (2010) here aims to show the social change does not spontaneously manifest itself as a protest like that seen during the 1960s or 1970s. Instead, the author intends to show that social change begins organically, usually at a grassroots level, and grows as more and more people find commonality with the views of the movement. When the ideas have spread to a large population from a small population, social change is demanded and effected, sometimes through the sort of protests that one typically associates with social change. The author pursues this purpose by defining social change, the purpose of social change, the language of social change, concepts in social change……
References
Hickman, G. R. (2010). Leading Change in Multiple Contexts : Concepts and Practices in Organizational, Community, Political, Social, and Global Change Settings. SAGE.
Study Document
… machine learning—but they forget that long before there were the deontological and utilitarian ethical frameworks there existed the classical ethical theory of virtue ethics, i.e., character ethics. It is the argument of this paper that character ethics is the best approach to solving moral dilemmas for humans. Leaving morality up to machines is a bad way for anyone to have … is a dangerous reality that is already happening in today’s world. As Himmelreich points out, the trolley problem pales in comparison to the ethics of autonomous driving. Essentially, the self-driving care is a deadly object hurtling forward through space and time, whose resistance depends upon the strength … the use of their free will and make themselves into slaves, whether of passions, of other men or of machines. From a virtue ethics standpoint, men should be reluctant to give up their own autonomy to a robot—yet with self-driving……
Works Cited
Carter, Stacy M. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Overdiagnosis, ethics, and trolley problems: why factors other than outcomes matter—an essay by Stacy Carter.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Bmj 358 (2017): j3872.
Ewing, J. “German Court Says Tesla Self-Driving Claims Are Misleading.” New York Times, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/14/business/tesla-autopilot-germany.html
Himmelreich, Johannes. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Never mind the trolley: The ethics of autonomous vehicles in mundane situations.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 21.3 (2018): 669-684.
Marshall, Aarian. “What Can the Trolley Problem Teach Self-Driving Car Engineers?” Wired, 2010. https://www.wired.com/story/trolley-problem-teach-self-driving-car-engineers/
Nyholm, Sven. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The ethics of crashes with self?driving cars: A roadmap, I.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Philosophy Compass 13.7 (2018): e12507.
Nyholm, Sven, and Jilles Smids. \\\\\\\\\\\\"The ethics of accident-algorithms for self-driving cars: An applied trolley problem?.\\\\\\\\\\\\" Ethical theory and moral practice 19.5 (2016): 1275-1289.
Pojman, L. and J. Fieser. Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong. Cengage, 2012.
Snow, Nancy E. \\\\\\\\\\\\"Neo-Aristotelian Virtue Ethics.\\\\\\\\\\\\" The Oxford Handbook of Virtue. Oxford University Press, 2018. 321.
Study Document
… 21st century. Therefore, the themes this review will examine are: 1) the problematic nature of deception in intelligence work; 2) the role of ethics in counterintelligence; 3) a framework for analyzing the past; and 4) the need for clarity and collaboration in counterintelligence efforts among the various … forward by Adam Smith in Wealth of Nations. Both Western and Eastern cultures developed the first and most fundamental ethical framework in virtue ethics, with Aristotle summarizing the framework in ancient Greece and Confucius summarizing the framework in ancient China thousands of years ago (Hursthouse 2016). Cohen’s … approaches the issue of moral limits to deception from a practical, universal, political and diplomatic position that has utilitarian, deontological and even virtue ethics elements to it. The opposite position of Cohen (2016) can only be accepted from an ethical egoism point of view, and ethical egoism … in which power drove the……
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. "The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles." Bachelor's thesis, Università Ca'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Cohen, Shlomo. 2016. "Are There Moral Limits to Military Deception?." Philosophia 44 (4): 1305-1318.
Coyne, John, Peter Bell, and Shannon Merrington. 2013. "Exploring ethics in intelligence and the role of leadership." Interntional Journal of Business and Commerce 2 (10): 27-37.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. "'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering." Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. "Strategic denial and deception." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Study Document
Trash or Treasure - Case Study
Ethics is an important issue in the field of public administration since it provides accountability between the administration and the public. To enhance accountability, … public. To enhance accountability, public administrators, public service leaders and other stakeholders in this field are required to adhere to a code of ethics. The code of ethics gives these professionals guidelines for integrity in their work and helps to ensure the public receives its needs in a fair manner (Academic … public receives its needs in a fair manner (Academic Partnerships, 2016). However, not every professional in the field adheres to the code of ethics because of various factors such as corruption and greed. This paper analyzes the ethical dilemma in the City of Sunville that has left …
Ethical Criteria Used to Determine Action
The ethical criteria used to determine action is the American Society for Public……
References
Academic Partnerships. (2016, May 24). The Importance of Ethics in Public Administration. Retrieved from the University of Texas Arlington website: https://academicpartnerships.uta.edu/articles/public-administration/the-importance-of-ethics-in-public-administration.aspx#:~:text=Ethics%20provide%20accountability%20between%20the,the%20trust%20of%20the%20community .
Kure, G.M. (2018, May). Public Servants’ Attitude Towards Professional Ethics and its Implications for Service Delivery in Selected Bureaus of the Oromia Regional State. Retrieved June 18, 2020, from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e33a/1f1f01fc900f993f679643740b8d8c104517.pdf
UNC School of Government. (2019, November 20). The Importance of Ethics in Public Administration. Retrieved from The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill website: https://onlinempa.unc.edu/blog/the-importance-of-ethics-in-public-administration/#:~:text=American%20Society%20for%20Public%20Administration,integrity%2C%20promote%20ethical%20organizations%2C%20and
Whitton, H. (2001, February). Implementing Effective Ethics Standards in Government and the Civil Service. Retrieved June 18, 2020, from https://www.oecd.org/mena/governance/35521740.pdf
Study Document
… not focus on a clear definition of the “the good” in an objective or universal sense. That is not a problem with Kantian Ethics. The good is clearly defined as the moral imperative that arises out of an awareness of one’s duty. With a written code of … The good is clearly defined as the moral imperative that arises out of an awareness of one’s duty. With a written code of ethics that defines the bank’s duty to its clients, the moral awareness would be clear to all.
In conclusion, a Kantian Ethical framework would ……
References
Forsyth, D. R., & O’Boyle Jr, E. H. (2011). Rules, standards, and ethics: Relativism predicts cross-national differences in the codification of moral standards. International Business Review, 20(3), 353-361.
Goodpaster, K. (1983). Ethical frameworks for management. HBS.
Horowitz, D. (2011, May). We need a \\\\\\"moral operating system\\\\\\" Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/damon_horowitz (Links to an external site.)
Top Class Actions. (2019). The settlement is closed. Retrieved from https://topclassactions.com/lawsuit-settlements/closed-settlements/917069-wells-fargo-auto-loan-insurance-class-action-settlement/
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