Drug Trafficking Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Effectiveness Of The War On Drugs
Outline
I. Introduction
A. History of drug, cross-cultural perspective
1. Opium wars (ACLU, 2020)
2. Since Nixon, the modern “war on drug” (Pearl, 2018)
3. History of drug use in different societies (ACLU, 2020)
B. History of government intervention in the private lives of individuals via drug policy (ACLU, 2020); Baumbauer, 2012).
C. Effects of the war on drug
1. Is it effective? Quantify the deaths related to the WOD, as well as the social entropy in communities, families, and within individuals … & Hall, 2018; Godlee,& Hurley, 2016).
2. Psychedelics (Coyne & Hall, 2018; Godlee,& Hurley, 2016)
IV. Discussion
V. Conclusions
A. The war on drug is a human rights issue.
B. The war on drug is illogical and empirically proven to be an illegitimate and ineffective strategy.
C. drug have been branded and arbitrarily classified as “socially acceptable” versus “criminal,” when drug themselves are simply tools and can……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
War On Drugs
War on drug Futile Failing and Nefariously Linked to the War on Terror
Effectiveness of the War on drug
Outline
I. Introduction
A. History of drug, cross-cultural perspective
1. Opium wars
2. Since Nixon, the modern “war on drug”
3. History of drug use in different societies
B. History of government intervention in the private lives of individuals via drug policy.
C. Effects of the war on drug
1. Is it effective? Quantify the deaths related to the WOD, as well as the social entropy in communities, families, and within individuals
… health/safety with personal liberty/self-empowerment
B. Alternate strategies, pilot projects
1. Cannabis law reform
2. Psychedelics
IV. Discussion
V. Conclusions
A. The war on drug is a human rights issue.
B. The war on drug is illogical and empirically proven to be an illegitimate and ineffective strategy.
C. drug have been branded and arbitrarily classified as “socially acceptable” versus……
References
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition " target="_blank" REL="NOFOLLOW">
Study Document
Moral Reasoning Human Trafficking
Introduction
Human trafficking is defined as “the acquisition of people by improper means such as force, fraud or deception, with the aim of exploiting them” (UNODC, … However, as with any definition or label, there is a subjective interpretation that exists alongside the objective viewpoint. While in most cases of trafficking, the human being involved can easily be depicted as a victim, in some cases the of trafficking the “victim” wants to be trafficked as it provides an opportunity for the individual to have a better life even if it is … the normal or accepted means of society (Beatson & Hanley, 2017; Brock& Teixeira, 2014). Included in these cases can be situations of labor trafficking and sex trafficking. The point is that not every person feels the same about human trafficking or that it is necessarily immoral in every case. As there are numerous ethical perspectives from which one……
References
References
Beatson, J., & Hanley, J. (2017). The intersection of exploitation and coercion in cases of Canadian labour trafficking. Journal of law and social policy, 26, 137.
Brock, D., & Teixeira, R. (2014). Beyond exploitation and trafficking: Canadian critical perspectives on sex work. Labour: Journal of Canadian Labour Studies/Le Travail: revue d’Études Ouvrières Canadiennes, 74.
De Shalit, A., Heynen, R., & van der Meulen, E. (2014). Human trafficking and media myths: Federal funding, communication strategies, and Canadian anti-trafficking programs. Canadian Journal of Communication, 39(3).
Holmes, A. (2007). Ethics: Approaching moral decisions. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
Lam, E., & Lepp, A. (2019). Butterfly: Resisting the harms of anti-trafficking policies and fostering peer-based organising in Canada. Anti-trafficking review, (12), 91-107.
UNODC. (2015). UNODC on human trafficking and migrant smuggling. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Retrieved from https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/human-trafficking/
Study Document
FBI Drugs And WMDs
… people. Yet how easily it is smuggled into the U.S.[footnoteRef:26] The FBI, DEA and Homeland Security should all be working together to prevent drug like fentanyl and other synthetic poisons produced in countries abroad from coming into the U.S. These drug are dangerous not just because they are unleashed on the streets and cripple the youth and of the country and thus rob the … the attacks on the USS Cole and the attacks on the World Trade Centers had a serious consequence in terms of the global drug trade. The poppy fields of Afghanistan were liberated and the heroin trade devastated countries around the world, with many hundreds of thousands of … streets of the U.S. The FBI has to be better about working with DHS to secure the borders of the nation and prevent drug from getting in.[footnoteRef:28] [28: Nevano, Gregory C. "Homeland Security Investigations, Border Search……
References
Bibliography
Arnold, Aaron and Daniel Salisbury, “The Long Arm,” Belfer Center, 2019. https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/long-arm
Carter, Ashton B. "Overhauling counterproliferation." Technology in Society 26, no. 2-3 (2004): 257-269.
The Commission to Assess the Organization of the Federal Government to Combat the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. “Combating Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction,” Washington, D.C., 1999.
FBI. “COINTELPRO.” https://vault.fbi.gov/cointel-pro
FBI Counterproliferation Center. “About.” https://www.fbi.gov/about/leadership-and-structure/national-security-branch/fbi-counterproliferation-center
Fischer, Rowena Rege. “Guide to the Study of Intelligence: Counterproliferation,” Journal of U.S. Intelligence Studies 21, no. 1 (Winter 2014-15), 78-82.
Liow, Joseph Chinyong. "The Mahathir administration's war against Islamic militancy: operational and ideological challenges." Australian Journal of International Affairs 58, no. 2 (2004): 241-256.
Manchikanti, Laxmaiah, Jaya Sanapati, Ramsin M. Benyamin, Sairam Atluri, Alan D. Kaye, and Joshua A. Hirsch. "Reframing the prevention strategies of the opioid crisis: focusing on prescription opioids, fentanyl, and heroin epidemic." Pain physician 21, no. 4 (2018): 309-326.
Study Document
Violent Crime Control And Law Enforcement Act Of 1994
… to the middle of ’70s decade; this corresponds with the growth in utilization of crack cocaine and heroin in the nation. The former drug was quick to become inner-city gangsters’ choice of drug for trading owing to its inexpensive production and selling price, high addiction, affordability and ease of transport. Although the growth in violent offenses … selling price, high addiction, affordability and ease of transport. Although the growth in violent offenses wasn’t essentially linked to those who consumed the drug themselves, it was linked to monetary and territorial clashes between different gangs involved in the US drug trade (The Establishment, 2016). This served to increase gangs’ control in different localities, besides their ability of recruiting new gang members and providing … reached 10.2 for every…[break]…rate. Figures reveal that a dramatic growth in imprisonment rates, particularly imprisonment of African-American men, began during the 70s; the federal drug war and related……
References
References
Raymond Derrial Madden, Petitioner-appellant, v. United States of America, Respondent-appellee, 64 F.3d 669 (10th Cir. 1995)
Sepulveda v. United States, 69 F. Supp. 2d 633 (D.N.J. 1999)
United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Joanne Kwi Ye Estes, Defendant-appellant, 166 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 1998)
United States v. Madden, No. 92-6206 (10th Cir. Apr. 20, 1993), WL 332262 Books and article
Moore, R. (2017). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. Macat Library.
United States Congress. (1994). Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Public law, (103-322).
Websites
The Establishment. (2016, April 12). About That Controversial 1994 Crime Bill. A Medium Corporation. Retrieved from https://medium.com/the-establishment/about-that-controversial-1994-crime-bill-c17ccfcc25fa
Study Document
Counterterrorism Strategy For The Next U S Presidential Administration
… to go hungry, and the U.S. could end up becoming destabilized just like countries in the Middle East.
Another terrorist threat is the drug trafficking that has led to hundreds of thousands of deaths in the U.S. The current trafficking of fentanyl which is 100x stronger than heroin is a major concern and should be viewed as a terrorist threat. It has been … than heroin is a major concern and should be viewed as a terrorist threat. It has been shown that much of today’s Fentanyl trafficking is being run through China and the administration should thus consider toughening its stance on China and forcing the country to tighten its … and the administration should thus consider toughening its stance on China and forcing the country to tighten its oversight in order to prevent drug like fentanyl from being shipped to the U.S. Terrorism should not be conceived……
References
References
Bipartisan Policy Center. (2017). Defeating terrorists, not terrorism. Retrieved from https://bipartisanpolicy.org/report/counterterrorism-policy-from-911-to-isis/
Englehardt, T. (2018). America’s war on terror. Retrieved from https://www.thenation.com/article/americas-war-on-terror-has-cost-taxpayers-5-6-trillion/
Freeman, M. (2018). ISIS Is a US-Israeli Creation. Top Ten “Indications.” Retrieved from https://www.globalresearch.ca/isis-is-a-us-israeli-creation-top-ten-indications/5518627
Malzahn, S. M. (2002). State Sponsorship and Support of International Terrorism: Customary Norms of State Responsibility. Hastings Int'l & Comp. L. Rev., 26, 83.
Nordland, R. & Mashal, M. (2019). U.S. and Taliban Edge Toward Deal to End America’s Longest War. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/26/world/asia/afghanistan-taliban-peace-deal.html
White House. (2003). National strategy for combating terrorism. Retrieved from https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/02/20030214-7.html
Study Document
Gangs Formation And Functioning
… they all resort to violence for maintaining their control over localities and boosting their illicit commercial activities, such as theft, firearms and illegal drug trafficking, human trafficking, fraud, and prostitution. Innumerable gang members still perpetrate offenses after being imprisoned.
"Gangs" are composed of different kinds of members, such as leaders … ensures support in the event of a violent attack, and retribution for any transgression.
· Criminal Activity – A few enter for engaging in drug trade/consumption and profiting from gang protection and trade earnings.
· Intimidation – A few are coerced into entering when their membership is deemed to … within the area where it is implemented.
Successful model initiative implementation ought to decrease levels of overall youth arrests on charges of violence, drug use/possession/trade, and serious violence to a significantly greater degree than before among quasi-initiative youngsters and comparison youngsters in the initiative period. Serious violence … of every……
References
References
Alleyne, E., & Wood, J. L. (2013). Gang-related crime: The social, psychological, and behavioral correlates. Psychology, Crime & Law, 19(7), 611-627.
FBI, (n.d.). Gangs. Retrieved from https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/violent-crime/gangs#The-Gang%20Threat on 12 June 2020
Finelli, G. A. (2019). Slash, Shoot, Kill Gang Recruitment of Children, and the Penalties Gangs Face. Family Court Review, 57(2), 243-257.
Hesketh, R. F. (2018). A critical exploration of why some individuals with similar backgrounds do or do not become involved in deviant street groups and the potential implications for their future life choices. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Chester, United Kingdom).
Hesketh, R.F. (2019). Joining gangs: living on the edge?. Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 5 No. 4; 280-294.
Higginson, A., Benier, K., Shenderovich, Y., Bedford, L., Mazerolle, L., & Murray, J. (2018). Factors associated with youth gang membership in low?and middle?income countries: a systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 14(1), 1-128.
Howell, J. C. (2010). Gang Prevention: An Overview of Research and Programs. Juvenile Justice Bulletin. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Klein, M.W. (1995). The American street gang: Its nature, prevalence, and control. New York: Oxford University Press.
Study Document
The Transformation Of The US Into Oceania
...Drug trafficking The Greatest Issue Facing 21st Century Ethical Leadership
Big Brother is Watching You. -- George Orwell, 1984
The chilling but fictitious epigraph above is becoming all too real for many people around the world today. Indeed, a growing number of authorities believe that threats to the fundamental right to privacy have become the greatest issue facing 21st century ethical leadership. Indeed, public and private sector organizations of all types routinely collect consumers’ personal information and use it in ways that are violative of the spirit if not the letter of the law, and the proliferation of the so-called Internet of Things has introduced yet more ways that individual privacy can be violated. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review and analysis of the relevant literature concerning this threat to ethical leadership, including recent and current trends in global leadership. In addition, a discussion concerning the various ways……
References
References
Black’s law dictionary. (1990). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Company.
Cantor, M. D. (2006, Summer). No information about me without me: Technology, privacy, and home monitoring. Generations, 30(2), 49-55.
Ethical issues facing businesses. (2020). Florida Tech. Retrieved from https://www.floridatech online.com/blog/business/the-5-biggest-ethical-issues-facing-businesses/.
Haslag, C. (2018, Fall). Technology or privacy: Should you really have to choose only one? Missouri Law Review, 83(4), 1027-1033.
Karn, R. (2019). The biggest threat to data security? Humans, of course. The Privacy Advisor. Retrieved from https://iapp.org/news/a/the-biggest-threat-to-data-security-humans-of-course/ .
Sharma, P. (2017, June). Organizational culture as a predictor of job satisfaction: The role of age and gender. Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 22(1), 35-40.
Taslitz, A. E. (2009, Spring). The Fourth Amendment in the twenty-first century: Technology, privacy, and human emotions. Law and Contemporary Problems, 65(2), 125-131.
Study Document
Counterintelligence Issues Within United States
… Narcotics (FBN), headquartered at 90 Church in New York City. The FBN was very effective in using counterintelligence tactics to undermine and prevent drug trafficking in the US (Unkefer 2013). However, these tactics were often seen as immoral and unlawful by supervisors and the FBN was eventually closed ……
References
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. \\\\\\"The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles.\\\\\\" Bachelor\\\\\\'s thesis, Università Ca\\\\\\'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. \\\\\\"\\\\\\'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul\\\\\\'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering.\\\\\\" Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. \\\\\\"Strategic denial and deception.\\\\\\" International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Horkheimer, Max. 1972. Critical Theory. New York: Seabury Press.
Intelligence and National Security Alliance. 2020. Counterintelligence for the 21st Century. Arlington, VA.
Study Document
The US Sentencing System Disparities And Discrimination
… harsher sentences than their white counterparts (Mauer, 2010).
Discrimination and disparities also exist in many jurisdictions with regards to how the “war on drug” is conducted. It is now well known that discrimination and disparities in how the war on drug is conducted have led to many persons of color being incarcerated. Discrimination can be seen in the fact that the war is focused … neighborhoods with African Americans and Latin Americans. This has resulted in the disproportionate increase of persons of color in detention centers and facing drug-related charges. And sentencing disparities and discrimination have resulted in more persons of color serving longer or harsher sentences when found guilty of drug-related offenses. This is how there are disproportionately more African Americans and Latin Americans in prisons across the country (Mauer, 2010).
To put the … Americans and Latin Americans in prisons across the country (Mauer, 2010).
To put……
References
References
Daly, K., & Tonry, M. (1997). Gender, Race, and Sentencing. Crime and Justice, 22, 201-252. Retrieved May 26, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/1147574
Farrell, A., Ward, G., & Rousseau, D. (2010). Intersections of gender and race in federal sentencing: examining court contexts and the effects of representative court authorities. Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice, 1, 85.
Hessick, C. B. (2010). Race and gender as explicit sentencing factors. Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice, 1, 127.
Mauer, M. (2010). Justice for all challenging racial disparities in the criminal justice system. Hum. Rts., 37, 14.
Smith, D. (2006). Narrowing Racial Disparities in Sentencing through a System of Mandatory Downward Departures. The Modern American, Summer 2006, 32–37.
Spohn, C. (2008). How do judges decide?: the search for fairness and justice in punishment. Sage Publications.
Yang, C. S. (2015). Free at last? Judicial discretion and racial disparities in federal sentencing. The Journal of Legal Studies, 44(1), 75-111.
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