Budget Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Influence Of Political Interests Groups On The Educational Policy
Budget and Resource Allocation Influence of Political Interest Groups on the Educational Policy Making Process
Introduction
State support for public education has wavered over … on state fiscal policy. This text concerns itself with the influence of political interest groups on the educational policy-making process, with regard to budget and resource allocation. The context of this particular discussion will be Florida and Texas.
Discussion
Interest groups do not have an assigned definition. … relevance of assessing the influence that special interest groups have on the educational policy-making process and how this influences resource as well as budget allocation is of great relevance. This is more so the case given that in the past, various authors have indicated that there is ……
References
References
Abbott, I., Rathbone, M. & Whitehead, P. (2012). Education Policy. New York, NY: SAGE.
Anderson, J.E. (2003).Public Policy-Making. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.
Delaney, J. A., & Doyle, W. R. (2007). The role of higher education in state budgets. Journal of Education Finance, 36(4), 343-268.
Grapevine. (2016). Appropriations: State Tax Funds for Operating Expenses of Higher Education, 1983-1984. Retrieved from: https://education.illinoisstate.edu/grapevine/tables/
Larrabee, B. (2016). Education groups put big money into political causes. Retrieved from https://www.gainesville.com/news/20160828/education-groups-put-big-money-into-political-causes
Tandberg, D. A. (2009). Interest groups and governmental institutions: The politics of state funding of public higher education. Educational Policy, 24(5), 104-117.
Vote Smart (2020). Texas Education Special Interest Groups. Retrieved from https://votesmart.org/interest-groups/TX/27#.XrVCzsBRW00
Vote Smart (2020). Florida Education Special Interest Groups. Retrieved from https://votesmart.org/interest-groups/FL/27#.XrVKScBRW01
Study Document
Capital Budgeting Bullock Gold
...Budget [calculations available in full version]
The calculations were done in Excel, except the payback period. This was done starting at -850 and then adding back each year's cash flow. Year 5 started with a deficit of 20, which amounts to 31 days worth of payback, in other words the payback will be complete by the end of January in Year 5.
2. Based on this analysis, the company should open the mine. There are several reasons why. First, there is no rule of thumb for Bullock with respect to payback period – and once the project has started it will be finished, so that is not really a great way to analyze the problem.
Second, IRR and MIRR are both above the cost of capital, which is assumed to be the company's hurdle rate of 12%. A project that returns above the cost of capital is normally a viable one.……
Study Document
Agency Theory And The Limitations Of Representative Government
The Political Nature of the Federal Budget Process
Introduction
The federal budget process is overseen by US Congressmen, who are fundamentally immersed in the political nature of government. As Elwood (2008) notes, members of Congress … obtaining the votes necessary for reelection; and 3) by obtaining expert advice on topics that are of personal importance to them. The federal budget process is particularly impactful on the first two and vice versa. For example, “the ability to funnel money into a congressional district or … for a legislator to remain in office” (Elwood, 2008, p. 3). This ability creates a conflict of interest among the politicians overseeing the budget process. On the one hand they are tasked with producing a budget resolution and allocating funds based on the duty to serve the collective good; on the other hand they have a vested self-interest in … in ways that will benefit them,……
References
References
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Agency theory: An assessment and review. Academy of management review, 14(1), 57-74.
Elwood, T. W. (2008). Politics of the US Federal Budget Process. International quarterly of community health education, 28(1), 3-12.
Jennings, M. (2008). Business Ethics: Case Studies and Selected Readings. Cengage.
Machold, S., Ahmed, P.K., & Farquhar, S.S. (2007). Corporate Governance and Ethics: A Feminist Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics (2008) 81:665-678.
ProActive Solutions. (2020). Agency theory. Retrieved from http://knowledgegrab.com/learners-zone/study-support/performance-management-review/framework-introduction-to-hrm/agency-theory/
Study Document
Purchasing And Supply Management
… function relates to selecting a qualified supplier, 2) selecting the best strategies for negotiating prices, 3) creating a project supply, service and material budget for detailed requirements, 4) discussing the benefits and costs of outsourcing, and 5) evaluating various organizations that are benchmarks in purchasing and supply … for more than one might expect to get. Starting high gives you room to walk down.
Creating a Project Supply, Service and Material Budget from Detailed Requirements
The first step in this process is to identify the needs—i.e., the requirements for supply, service and materials. This tells ……
References
References
BDC. (2019). 6 ways the purchasing department can improve your business. Retrieved from https://www.bdc.ca/en/articles-tools/operations/purchasing/pages/purchasing-department-objectives.aspx
Benton, W. C. (2013). Supply chain focused manufacturing planning and control. Nelson Education.
Burt, D. N. (2010). Supply Management, 8th Edition. Devry.
Harland, C., Brenchley, R., & Walker, H. (2003). Risk in supply networks. Journal of Purchasing and Supply management, 9(2), 51-62. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.471.2910&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Holmlund, M. & Strandvik, T. (1999) Perception configuration in business relationship, Management Decision, 37(9), 686-696
MacNeil/Lehrer Productions (Producer). (1999). Your computer, your way: Dell and thedirect sales model [Video file]. Retrieved from https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login
Monczka, R. & Handfield, R. (2016). Purchasing and supply chain management. Boston, MA: Cengage.
NC State University. (2003). Negotiating for success. Retrieved from https://scm.ncsu.edu/scm-articles/article/negotiating-for-success
Study Document
Higher Education Institutional Crisis And Solutions
...Budget Introduction
Higher education continues to be a significant aspect within an economy with professions necessitating individuals with such educational attainments. However, institutions of higher education have continued to experience several challenges, including deteriorating student enrollments, increasing student debt across the United States, and also concerning student completion rates for the different educational programs. The Higher Education sector in the United States is experiencing major challenges. California State University, Los Angeles, is the leading all-inclusive public university that is situated at the heart of Los Angeles and is committed to engagement, service, and the public good. It is one of the renowned higher education institutions not only in Los Angeles but also in the state of California as a whole. The purpose of this report is to conduct extensive research to offer prospective solutions to an organizational problem being experienced at Cal State LA as a setting for higher education.
Vision,……
References
References
California State University Los Angeles. (2020). Strategic Plan. Retrieved from: http://www.calstatela.edu/strategicplan
Chavez, M. (2019). Cal State LA has proposed a plan to cut enrollment for incoming freshmen beginning Fall 2020. University Times. Retrieved from: https://csulauniversitytimes.com/operation-impaction/
Finney, J. E. (2014). Why the finance model for public higher education is broken and must be fixed. Public Policy Initiative 2(6).
Wiley Education Services. (2020). Top Challenges Facing U.S. Higher Education. Retrieved from: https://edservices.wiley.com/top-higher-education-challenges/
Unigo. (2020). California State University – Los Angeles: What do you consider the worst thing about your school? Why? Retrieved from: https://www.unigo.com/colleges/california-state-university-los-angeles/q-and-a/what-do-you-consider-the-worst-thing-about-your-school-why-673/1
Mitchell, B. C. (February 22, 2018). America\\\\\\\\\\\\'s colleges and universities have a serious revenue problem. Hechinger Report. Retrieved from: https://hechingerreport.org/opinion-americas-colleges-universities-serious-revenue-problem/
Hussain, S. (February 25, 2019). Cal State L.A.\\\\\\\\\\\\'s plan to raise admissions standards faces pushback from students and faculty. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-edu-cal-state-los-angeles-admissions-20190225-story.html
Zeleza, P. T. (March 12, 2020). Money Matters: The Financial Crises Facing Universities. The Elephant. Retrieved from: https://www.theelephant.info/ideas/2020/03/12/money-matters-the-financial-crises-facing-universities/
Study Document
Arabic Language And Culture Course Middle East Culture
...Budget Arabic Language and Culture Course: Middle East Culture
Abstract
This grant proposal seeks funds to support the development of the Arabic Language and Culture Course. This course will provide opportunities for students to further enhance their Arabic language skills outside the class setting. The target audience is Intermediate Arabic learners who have completed at least two Arabic courses. The primary goals of this proposed course include: preparing students to communicate effectively in Arabic.
Project Description
Rationale
This theme of Hookah Lounges enables me as an instructor to incorporate Arabic Culture concurrently with developing the linguistic skills of listening, understanding, speaking, reading, and writing. Hookah Lounges in Dearborn incorporate such elements as traditional Arabic décor and Arabic music. They are regarded by many as a novel and chic way to socialize and embrace multiculturalism. The reason I chose Dearborn is that it has the biggest population of Arabs in the US.……
References
References
Center for Arabic Study Abroad (Casa). (2012). USED Grant Proposal, 2008-2012. Cairo, Egypt, The University Of Texas, Austin. Retrieved from http://www2.ed.gov/programs/iegpsgpa/texas.doc
Center for Cross-Cultural Learning. (2008). Arabic Course Description and Syllabus. Boston University Morocco Program. Department of Moroccan Languages and Culture CCCL. Retrieved from http://www.bu.edu/abroad/files/2009/12/syllabus-rabat-language-and-liberal-arts-rabat-arabic.pdf
General English Activities Worksheets Games. https://www.teach-this.com/general-activities-worksheet s
Learn Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) Online with Arab Academy. https://www.arabacademy.com/msa/
Syllabus for Spanish Culture - Instructure. https://canvas.instructure.com/courses/902107/assignments/syllabus
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1820&context=gradreports
Study Document
US Healthcare Reimbursement And Insurance Issues
… come up with measurement efforts aimed at monitoring and improving healthcare organization quality. Some examples are quality ratings that aid…[break]…2014).
Operation Finance and Budgeting
The health sector is one of the sole global sectors, which will be imperative in the long run, unforeseeable. This domain has been … With the swift evolution of healthcare markets, it is sometimes difficult to ascertain where best to allocate funds and how to balance capital budgets. But organizations prepared for the numerous future possibilities may more effectively and strategically plan for the future in terms of finance. Financial security ……
References
References
Araujo, M. (2020). Health and medical insurance differences: HMO, PPO, POS, EPO. Retrieved from https://www.thebalance.com/health-and-medical-insurance-2645378
Bertram, M. Y., Lauer, J. A., De Joncheere, K. D., Edejer, T., Hutubessy, R., Kieny, M. P., & Hill, S. R. (2016). Cost-effectiveness thresholds: pros and cons. Bull World Health Organ, 94, 925–930. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.15.164418926
Dey, P., & Bach, P. B. (2019). The 6 functions of health insurance. The JAMA Forum, 321(13), 1242-1243. DOI:10.1001/jama.2019.2320
Ho, A. (2015). Health insurance. Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/298022702_Health_Insurance
IMedPub. (2020). Health insurance. Retrieved from https://www.imedpub.com/scholarly/health-insurance-journals-articles-ppts-list.php
Maruthappu, M., Hasan, A., & Zeltner, T. (2016). Enablers and barriers in implementing integrated care. Health System & Reform, 1(4), 250-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2015.1077301
Sekhri, N. (2000). Managed care: The US experience. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78(6), 830-844. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/78(6)830.pdf
Strata Decision Technology. (2020). Healthcare and hospital capital budget. Retrieved from https://www.stratadecision.com/healthcare-and-hospital-capital-budget/
Study Document
Valiant
...Budget Company Description
Company Summary
Valiant Marketing is a new conception in marketing. Our marketing agency will be tilted toward gaining clients to work with LGBT consumers and businesses. Basically, Valiant will work towards connecting businesses in America with the LGBTQ community. Our company will work with major companies, brands, entities and government institutions in the endeavor to comprehend, reach, serve and work with the LGBTQ. By conducting extensive market research across the spectrum of this community, Valiant Marketing will provide our clientele with a profound and substantial understanding of how to realistically link with and engage with this increasing, influential, potent and diverse LGBTQ community.
Mission Statement
Vision Statement
We shall operate our business with excellence in all facets and at all times, treasure the exquisiteness and distinctiveness within the advertising and marketing industry, and we will purpose to sustain our brand name and reputation in the highest regard possible.……
References
References
NGLCC. (2019). About NGLCC. Retrieved from: https://www.nglcc.org/
Hill, C., & Jones, G. (2011). Essentials of strategic management. Nelson Education.
Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., & Schilling, M. A. (2014). Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning.
Study Document
Public Policy Of Agriculture Farm Bill 2018
… farm gets due to the subsidies which rule out the small scale farmer from the picture based on competitiveness. Also, there has been budget deficit of $1.09 trillion (Amadeo, 2019) caused due to certain factors, a lot of programs and policies have been under funded like Medicare … 2019) caused due to certain factors, a lot of programs and policies have been under funded like Medicare (Us, 2019) which required the budget allocation rather than allocating the tax money on farmers, because of which only rich are getting richer. There could have been other policies ……
References
References
Aid, F. (2018, December). What’s in the 2018 Farm Bill? The Good, The Bad and The Offal…. Farm Aid. Retrieved from https://www.farmaid.org/issues/farm-policy/whats-in-the-2018-farm-bill-the-good-the-bad-and-the-offal/
Amadeo, K. (2019, November 24). Current US Federal Budget Deficit. The Balance.
Coalition, N. S. (2019). WHAT IS THE FARM BILL? National Sustainable Agricultural Coalition. Retrieved from https://sustainableagriculture.net/our-work/campaigns/fbcampaign/what-is-the-farm-bill/
Queck-Matzie, T. (2018, December 12). GRASSLEY SEES FARM BILL PROS AND CONS. Successful Farming. Retrieved from https://www.agriculture.com/news/business/grassley-sees-farm-bill-pros-and-cons
Us, I. U. (2019, November 12). Breaking down the US Federal Budget for the Fiscal Year 2019. It\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Up To Us.
Study Document
Integrated Waveguide Technologies Preparing For A Public Offering
… the EPS. The dividend distribution policy ought to be stable to ensure investor confidence. Therefore, management faces the tradeoff of adopting a capital budgeting decision to lower dividends and use the resources for new investment, which potentially decreases the stock prices or the undertake borrowing to pay ……
References
References
Al-Malkawi, H.-A. N., Rafferty, M., & Pillai, R. (2010). Dividend Policy?: A Review of Literatures and Empirical Evidence. International Bulletin of Business Administration, 5(9), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.12816/0037572
Baker, H. K., & Weigand, R. (2015). Corporate dividend policy revisited. In Managerial Finance (Vol. 41, Issue 2, pp. 126–144). https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-03-2014-0077
Black, F., & Scholes, M. (2010). The effects of dividend yield and dividend policy on common stock prices and returns. In Journal of Financial Economics (Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 1–22). https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(74)90006-3
Farre-Mensa, J., Michaely, R., & Schmalz, M. (2014). Payout Policy. Annual Review of Financial Economics, 6, 75–134.
Mohanasundari, M., & Vidhya, P. (2016). Dividend Policy and Its Impact on Firm Value: A Review of Theories and Empirical Evidence. Journal of Management Sciences and Technology, 3(3), 59–69.
Travlos, Trigeorgis, & Vafeas. (2001). No Title. Multinational Finance Journal, 5(2), 87–112.
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