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Diabetes Diagnosis and Plan of Care Essay
Diagnosis and Plan of Care
The patient’s blood pressure in this case (i.e. 148/92) could be described as elevated. Further, the patient’s blood sugar (at 154 mg/dl) is high. It has also been indicated that the patient in this particular case has a BMI of 37 and waist of 42 inches. In basic terms, a person with a BMI of above 30 is considered obese. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2019), “the higher your BMI, the higher your risk for certain diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes.” Also, in as far as waist circumference is concerned, the patient’s waist size is 40 in this case. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2019) points out that men who have a waist size exceeding 40 are at an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease. It is also important to note that as has been pointed out in the case, the patient is concerned about some skin chances in the axillary area. This is an indication of acanthosis nigricans (AN). According to Schilling and Crook (2014), “in obese patients, the presence of acanthosis nigricans is an indicator of insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus” (1064). Taking this into consideration, as well as the other issues highlighted above, the primary diagnosis in this case would be type 2 diabetes (and high blood pressure). The differential diagnosis (on the basis of skin changes in axillary area) could be inclusive of atopic dermatitis, candidiasis, Addison disease’s dermatologic aspects, etc.
It should also be noted that age is a…
…options to be considered could be inclusive of calcium channel blockers and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).
However, as it has been pointed out above, lifestyle changes are of great relevance in as far as the management and treatment of type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure is concerned. In both cases, it would be prudent to advocate the need for weight loss, regular exercises, as well as appropriate diet. Weight loss can help in the lowering of blood sugar level as well as blood pressure. When it comes to diet, the patient ought to minimize his consumption of saturated fats, refined carbs, as well as calories - as doing so would enable him achieve better control of his blood sugar. A diet with less salt would be good for his hypertension. Regular exercises…
Sample Source(s) Used
References
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2019). Assessing Your Weight and Health Risk. Retrieved from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/risk.htm
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2017). Type 2 Diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes/type-2-diabetes
Nordstrom, A., Hadrevi, J., Olsson, T., Franks, P.W. & Nordstrom, P. (2016). Higher Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Men Than in Women Is Associated With Differences in Visceral Fat Mass. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 101(10), 3740-3746.
Schilling W.H. & Crook M.A. (2014). Cutaneous Stigmata Associated With Insulin Resistance and Increased Cardiovascular Risk. Int J Dermatol, 53, 1062-1069.
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